Tuberculin skin test

Year 2015, , 199 - 204, 01.05.2015

Mehmet Halil Çeliksoy

https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2015.27928

Abstract

Tuberculosis continues to be one of the major infectious diseases threatening millions of lives worldwide, mainly in developing but also in developed countries. It is estimated that approximately one-third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculin is a solution of antigens produced by the metabolic activity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a complex solution containing many sorts of antigens, including those belonging to the bacillus itself and those by products of the metabolism of the growing organism. Worldwide, tuberculin skin testing is the most frequently used screening assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis or for detection of latent tuberculosis infection. Latent infection is defined by the absence of clinical symptoms of tuberculosis in addition to a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis used in tuberculin skin test or a T-cell response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigens. The tuberculin skin test is not easy to administer or to interpret and requires careful. Inexperience leads to error. This review aims to summarize the tuberculin skin test.

Keywords

Tuberculosis, Tuberculin, Mantoux test

Tüberkülin Deri Testi

Abstract

Tüberküloz, Dünya genelinde başta gelişmekte olan ülkeler olmak üzere, gelişmiş ülkeler de yaşayan milyonlarca insanı da tehdit eden infeksiyon hastalıklarının başında gelmeye devam etmektedir. Dünya nüfusunun üçte birinin Mycobacterium tuberculosis ile enfekte olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Tüberkülin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis’in metabolik aktivitesi tarafından üretilmiş bir antijenler solüsyonudur. Bu kompleks solüsyon, büyüyen organizmanın metabolizma ürünleri ve basilin kendisine ait çok çeşitli antijenler içerir. Tüberkülin deri testi evrensel olarak en sık tüberküloz tanısını doğrulamak için taramada ya da latent tüberküloz infeksiyonunu belirlemede kullanılır. Latent infeksiyon, tüberkülozun klinik semptomlarının olmamasına ek olarak, tüberkülin deri testinde kullanılan Mycobacterium tuberculosis purfiriye protein derivelerine karşı gecikmiş hipersensitivite reaksiyonu ya da Mycobacterium tuberculosis spesifik antijenlerine karşı T hücre yanıtı olarak tanımlanır. Tüberkülin deri testini uygulamak ve yorumlamak kolay değildir ve dikkat gerektirir. Deneyimsizlik hataya yol açar. Bu derleme yazısının amacı tüberkülin deri testini özetlemektir.

Keywords

Tüberküloz, Tüberkülin, Mantoux testi

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