EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION AND SOCIAL SUPPORT IN WOMEN WITH VAGINAL AND CESAREAN DELIVERY

Year 2023, , 306 - 314, 21.10.2023

Sevil Şahin , Döndü Güler , Kevser Özdemir , Alaettin Ünsal

https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1137000

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression in women following normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section, to review some variables that are believed to be associated and to assess the relationship between the level of social support and postpartum depression.

Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on postpartum women presented to a Training and Research Hospital’s Gynecology Polyclinic in Sakarya between January and June 2019. The study group consisted of 710 women in total. In the study group, 355 women had normal vaginal delivery and 355 women had Caesarean section. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to determine the level of postpartum depression. Level of social support was assessed with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The questionnaire forms prepared in line with the study objective were completed by the investigators with face-to-face interview method. Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analyses. Statistical significance value was accepted as p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The age of women in the study group ranged from 19 to 43, with a mean age of 28.96 ± 5.40 years. Prevalence of postpartum depression was found to be 24.4% in this study. Prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.7% in women who had normal vaginal delivery and 27.0% in women who had Caesarean section. In the Caesarean section group, postpartum depression was higher in women whose educational level is secondary school and lower, whose family income level is poor, those with a history of any health problem during pregnancy, those with no history of food craving during pregnancy, those who gave birth to a baby with a birth weight of <2500 g and those having a baby with a health problem. In the normal vaginal delivery group, postpartum depression was higher in women whose family income level is poor, whose number of pregnancy is 3 and above, those who had an arranged marriage, those with a history of physical trauma during pregnancy and those who used antidepressant before pregnancy. Level of perceived social support was higher in women who had Caesarean section. It was determined that the levels of social support perceived by women with postpartum depression were lower in both normal vaginal delivery group and Caesarean section group.

Conclusion and suggestions: Postpartum depression is one of important mental health problems in women. In our study, no difference in prevalence of postpartum depression was found in women who had normal vaginal delivery and Caesarean section. Level of perceived social support was higher in women who had Caesarean section. Screenings for postpartum depression and offering psychological counseling to women may be advantageous.

Keywords

postpartum women, postpartum depression, social support, vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery

VAJİNAL VE SEZARYEN DOĞUM YAPAN KADINLARDA POSTPARTUM DEPRESYON VE SOSYAL DESTEK İLİŞKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression in women following normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section, to review some variables that are believed to be associated and to assess the relationship between the level of social support and postpartum depression.

Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on postpartum women presented to a Training and Research Hospital’s Gynecology Polyclinic in Sakarya between January and June 2019. The study group consisted of 710 women in total. In the study group, 355 women had normal vaginal delivery and 355 women had Caesarean section. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to determine the level of postpartum depression. Level of social support was assessed with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The questionnaire forms prepared in line with the study objective were completed by the investigators with face-to-face interview method. Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analyses. Statistical significance value was accepted as p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The age of women in the study group ranged from 19 to 43, with a mean age of 28.96 ± 5.40 years. Prevalence of postpartum depression was found to be 24.4% in this study. Prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.7% in women who had normal vaginal delivery and 27.0% in women who had Caesarean section. In the Caesarean section group, postpartum depression was higher in women whose educational level is secondary school and lower, whose family income level is poor, those with a history of any health problem during pregnancy, those with no history of food craving during pregnancy, those who gave birth to a baby with a birth weight of <2500 g and those having a baby with a health problem. In the normal vaginal delivery group, postpartum depression was higher in women whose family income level is poor, whose number of pregnancy is 3 and above, those who had an arranged marriage, those with a history of physical trauma during pregnancy and those who used antidepressant before pregnancy. Level of perceived social support was higher in women who had Caesarean section. It was determined that the levels of social support perceived by women with postpartum depression were lower in both normal vaginal delivery group and Caesarean section group.

Conclusion and suggestions: Postpartum depression is one of important mental health problems in women. In our study, no difference in prevalence of postpartum depression was found in women who had normal vaginal delivery and Caesarean section. Level of perceived social support was higher in women who had Caesarean section. Screenings for postpartum depression and offering psychological counseling to women may be advantageous.

Keywords

postpartum women, postpartum depression, social support, vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery

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