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Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus Taraması: Herkes için Eğitim Şart

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 5 - 9, 20.02.2020

Abstract

Amaç: Gestasyonel diyabetes mellitus(GDM),
gebelik sırasında sık karşılaşılan bir hastalıktır. Türkiye’de GDM için
toplumun farkındalığında önemli eksiklikler olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu durum
oral glukoz tolerans testi (OGTT) ile ilgili doğru olmayan güvenlik
endişelerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada doktorların, yardımcı sağlık
çalışanlarının ve toplumdaki gönüllü katılımcıların GDM ve OGTT ile ilgili
bilgi düzeylerini ortaya koymayı amaçladık.



Yöntem: Prospektif kesitsel
olarak tasarlanan çalışmamıza Diyarbakır il merkezindeki doktorlar, yardımcı
sağlık personelleri ve toplumdan 18-65 yaş arasındaki gönüllü kişiler dahil
edildi. Üç grup için sosyo-demografik verileri, GDM ve OGTT ile ilgili
farkındalık düzeylerini değerlendirmek için üç ayrı veri formu hazırlandı.
Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi yapıldı.



Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 631’i
kadın (K) ve 438’i erkek (E) olmak üzere toplam 1069 kişi [K/E=%59,02/%40,08]
dahil edildi. Çalışmaya 306 doktor [K/E=95(%31)/211(%69)], 363 yardımcı sağlık
personeli [K/E=263(%72,5)/100(%27,5)] 400 gönüllü [K/E=273(%68,3)/127(%31,8)]
dahil edildi. Doktorların %93,5’inin, yardımcı sağlık personellerin %58,1’inin
ve gönüllülerin ise %42,3’ünün tüm gebelere OGTT yapılması gerektiğini düşündüğü
saptandı. Yardımcı sağlık personellerinin %8,5’inin ve gönüllülerin %22,9’unun
OGTT konusunda hiç bilgisinin olmadığı saptandı. Çalışmamızdaki gönüllü
katılımcıların GDM farkındalık düzeyinin %56,8 olduğu saptandı. Oral glukoz
tolerans testi yaptırmak istemeyen katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu test için
gebeye fazla miktarda glukoz verildiğini ve bu nedenle testin bebek için
zararlı olduğunu belirtti.



Sonuç: Gestasyonel diyabetes mellitus prevalansı oldukça yüksek olan
ülkemizde sağlık çalışanları ve halkın GDM ve OGTT konusunda doğru ve yeterli
bilgi sahibi olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Gestasyonel diyabetes mellitus farkındalığı
için eğitime ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.

References

  • Yamamoto JM, Kellett JE, Balsells M, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus and diet: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the impact of modified dietary interventions on maternal glucose control and neonatal birth weight. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(7):1346-1361. doi:10.2337/dc18-0102
  • Dickens LT, Thomas CC. Updates in gestational diabetes prevalence, treatment, and health policy. CurrDiab Rep. 2019;19(6):33. doi:10.1007/s11892-019-1147-0
  • Price LA, Lock LJ, Archer LE, Ahmed Z. Awareness of gestational diabetes and its risk factors among pregnant women in Samoa. Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2017;76(2):48-54.
  • Gupta Y. Comment on: Shriraam et al., awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among women in a primary health center in South India. Indian J EndocrinolMetab. 2013;17(4):772-773. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.113787
  • Hod M, Kapur A, Sacks DA, et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on gestational diabetes mellitus: A pragmatic guide for diagnosis, management, and care. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;131(3):173-211.doi:10.1016/S0020-7292(15)30007-2
  • Aydın H, Çelik Ö, Yazıcı D, et al. Prevalence and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide multicentre prospective study. Diabet Med. 2019;36(2):221-227. doi:10.1111/dme.13857
  • Law KP, Zhang H. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus: Deductions from a three-part longitudinal metabolomics study in China. Clin Chim Acta. 2017;468:60-70. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2017.02.008
  • Kampmann U, Madsen LR, Skajaa GO, Iversen DS, Moeller N, Ovesen P. Gestationaldiabetes: a clinicalupdate. World J Diabetes.2015;6(8):1065-1072.doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i8.1065
  • Dhyani V, Mahantashetti N, Ganachari M, Kambar S, Ghatnatti V. Awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending a tertiary health center. Indian J Heal Sci Biomed Res. 2018;11:51-55. doi:10.4103/kleuhsj.kleuhsj_130_17
  • Donovan LE, Savu A, Edwards AL, Johnson JA, Kaul P. Prevalence and timing of screening and diagnostic testing for gestational diabetes mellitus: a population-based study in Alberta, Canada. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(1):55-60. doi:10.2337/dc15-1421
  • Sella T, Shalev V, Elchalal U, Chovel-Sella A, Chodick G. Screening for gestational diabetes in the 21st century: a population-based cohort study in Israel. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2013;26(4):412-416. doi:10.3109/14767058.2012. 733761
  • Di Cianni G, Gualdani E, Berni C, et al. Screening for gestational diabetes in Tuscany, Italy. A population study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;132:149-156. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.08.003
  • Feig D, Berger H, Donovan L. Diabetes and pregnancy. Can J Diabetes. 2018;42:255-282. doi:10.1016/j.jcjd. 2017.10.038
  • Ye Y, Xie H, Zhao X, Zhang S. The oral glucose tolerance test for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in patients during acute coronary syndrome hospitalization: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012;11:155. doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-155
  • Shriraam V, Rani MA, Sathiyasekaran BW, Mahadevan S. Awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women in a primary health center in South India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(1):146-148. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.107861

GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS SCREENING: EDUCATION IS A MUST FOR EVERYONE

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 5 - 9, 20.02.2020

Abstract

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common disease during
pregnancy.  It is considered that there
is a low awareness of GDM in the Turkish society. This is due to incorrect
safety concerns regarding the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In this
study, we aimed to reveal the knowledge levels of doctors, assistant health
personnel and volunteer participants in the community about GDM and OGTT.

Methods: Our prospective cross-sectional study included doctors,
assistant health personnel (nurses, midwives, health off in Diyarbakır city
center and volunteers between the ages of 18-65. Three different data forms
were prepared to evaluate socio-demographic data, GDM and OGTT awareness
levels of the three groups. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was
made.

Results: A total of 1069 subjects [F/M=59.02%/40.08%] were included in
our study. The study included 306 physicians [F/M=95(31%)/211(69%)], 363
assistant health personnel [F/M=263(72.5%) / 100(27.5%)] 400 volunteers
[F/M=273(68.3%) /127(31.8%)]. It was found that 93.5% of the doctors, 58.1% of
the staff and 42.3% of the volunteers thought that OGTT should be performed
for all pregnants. It was determined that 8.5% of the health personnel and
22.9% of the volunteers had no knowledge about OGTT. It was determined that
the level of GDM awareness of the volunteer participants in our study was
56.8%. The majority of the participants who did not want to have OGTT stated
that they were given a high amount of glucose in the test and therefore the
test was harmful for the baby.







Conclusion: We concluded that
healthcare professionals and the public do not have accurate and sufficient
information about GDM and OGTT in our country, in which the  prevalence of GDM is high. Education is
needed to raise public awareness of GDM.

References

  • Yamamoto JM, Kellett JE, Balsells M, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus and diet: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the impact of modified dietary interventions on maternal glucose control and neonatal birth weight. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(7):1346-1361. doi:10.2337/dc18-0102
  • Dickens LT, Thomas CC. Updates in gestational diabetes prevalence, treatment, and health policy. CurrDiab Rep. 2019;19(6):33. doi:10.1007/s11892-019-1147-0
  • Price LA, Lock LJ, Archer LE, Ahmed Z. Awareness of gestational diabetes and its risk factors among pregnant women in Samoa. Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2017;76(2):48-54.
  • Gupta Y. Comment on: Shriraam et al., awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among women in a primary health center in South India. Indian J EndocrinolMetab. 2013;17(4):772-773. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.113787
  • Hod M, Kapur A, Sacks DA, et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on gestational diabetes mellitus: A pragmatic guide for diagnosis, management, and care. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;131(3):173-211.doi:10.1016/S0020-7292(15)30007-2
  • Aydın H, Çelik Ö, Yazıcı D, et al. Prevalence and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide multicentre prospective study. Diabet Med. 2019;36(2):221-227. doi:10.1111/dme.13857
  • Law KP, Zhang H. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus: Deductions from a three-part longitudinal metabolomics study in China. Clin Chim Acta. 2017;468:60-70. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2017.02.008
  • Kampmann U, Madsen LR, Skajaa GO, Iversen DS, Moeller N, Ovesen P. Gestationaldiabetes: a clinicalupdate. World J Diabetes.2015;6(8):1065-1072.doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i8.1065
  • Dhyani V, Mahantashetti N, Ganachari M, Kambar S, Ghatnatti V. Awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending a tertiary health center. Indian J Heal Sci Biomed Res. 2018;11:51-55. doi:10.4103/kleuhsj.kleuhsj_130_17
  • Donovan LE, Savu A, Edwards AL, Johnson JA, Kaul P. Prevalence and timing of screening and diagnostic testing for gestational diabetes mellitus: a population-based study in Alberta, Canada. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(1):55-60. doi:10.2337/dc15-1421
  • Sella T, Shalev V, Elchalal U, Chovel-Sella A, Chodick G. Screening for gestational diabetes in the 21st century: a population-based cohort study in Israel. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2013;26(4):412-416. doi:10.3109/14767058.2012. 733761
  • Di Cianni G, Gualdani E, Berni C, et al. Screening for gestational diabetes in Tuscany, Italy. A population study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;132:149-156. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.08.003
  • Feig D, Berger H, Donovan L. Diabetes and pregnancy. Can J Diabetes. 2018;42:255-282. doi:10.1016/j.jcjd. 2017.10.038
  • Ye Y, Xie H, Zhao X, Zhang S. The oral glucose tolerance test for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in patients during acute coronary syndrome hospitalization: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012;11:155. doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-155
  • Shriraam V, Rani MA, Sathiyasekaran BW, Mahadevan S. Awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women in a primary health center in South India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(1):146-148. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.107861
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences, Endocrinology, ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kübra Dursun 0000-0002-3466-6914

Vehbi Demircan 0000-0002-0378-8687

Zafer Pekkolay 0000-0002-5323-2257

Tahsin Çelepkolu 0000-0001-9429-2996

Publication Date February 20, 2020
Submission Date December 10, 2019
Acceptance Date February 10, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Dursun K, Demircan V, Pekkolay Z, Çelepkolu T. Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus Taraması: Herkes için Eğitim Şart. Acta Med Nicomedia. February 2020;3(1):5-9.

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