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Differences in the classical/non-classical histopathological findings of psoriasis patients according to psoriasis subtype, disease duration and severity, anatomical region, and clinical presentation

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 98 - 111, 29.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1384616

Abstract

Objective: Although histopathological examination is considered the gold standard in the diagnosis of psoriasis, it has limited usefulness in patients with non-classical histopathological and/or clinical presentations. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of classical and non-classical histopathological findings according to psoriasis subtype, disease duration, disease severity, biopsy site, and classical/non-classical presentation.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 160 patients with histopathologically confirmed psoriasis. Classical and non-classical histopathological features were determined according to dermatopathology textbooks and literature. Patients were categorized according to disease duration (≤12 and >12 months) and disease severity (Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI] ≤10 and >10) at presentation, and classical/non-classical presentation (based on morphology, distribution, nail pitting, and family history).
Results: The most common classical histopathological findings were regular acanthosis (99.4%), confluent parakeratosis (96.3%), blood vessels, dilated (93.1%), hyperkeratosis (89.4%), and suprapapapillary plate thinning (89.4%). The most common non-classical histopathological findings were superficial perivascular dermal infiltration (81.3%) and spongiosis (53.8%). Hyperkeratosis (p=0.044) and intraepidermal lymphocyte accumulation (p=0.042) were more frequent in patients with a disease duration >12 months. The presence of Munro microabscess (p=0.010) and stratum basale necrotic keratinocytes (p=0.031) were observed more frequently in patients with PASI >10. Significant hyperkeratosis (p=0.024) and suprapapillary plate thinning (p=0.027) were more common in trunk biopsies compared to other locations. Spongiosis (p=0.005) and intraepidermal lymphocytes (p=0.008) were more common in patients with non-classical clinical presentation.
Conclusion: Non-classical histopathological findings can be observed in patients with psoriasis. Clinical features should be considered when evaluating classical/non-classical histopathological findings during diagnosis.

Ethical Statement

Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Non-Interventional Scientific Research Ethics Committee approved this study (approval date/number: 09.10.2023/335). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Supporting Institution

Trakya University Faculty of Medicine

References

  • Ferreli C, Pinna AL, Pilloni L, Tomasini CF, Rongioletti F. Histopathological aspects of psoriasis and its uncommon variants. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2018;153:173-184. doi:10.23736/s0392-0488.17.05839-4.

Psoriazis hastalarında klasik/klasik olmayan histopatolojik bulguların psoriasis alt tiplerine, hastalık süresine ve şiddetine, anatomik bölgeye ve klinik görünüme göre değişimi

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 98 - 111, 29.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1384616

Abstract

Amaç: Psoriazis hastalığının tanısında histopatolojik inceleme altın standart olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, klasik olmayan histopatolojik ve/veya klinik bulgulara sahip hastalarda bu yöntemin kullanımı sınırlıdır. Çalışmamızda klasik ve klasik olmayan histopatolojik bulguların psoriazisin klinik alt tiplerine, hastalık süresine, hastalığın şiddetine, biyopsi alınan anatomik bölgeye ve klasik/klasik olmayan klinik görünüme göre dağılımının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Histopatolojik olarak Psoriazis tanısı doğrulanmış toplam 160 hastanın kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Dermatopatoloji ders kitapları ve literatür verilerine göre klasik ve klasik olmayan histopatolojik özellikler belirlendi. Hastalar, başvuru anındaki hastalık süresine (≤12 ve >12 ay) ve hastalık şiddetine (Psoriazis Alan Şiddet İndeksi [PAŞİ] ≤10 ve >10) ve klasik/klasik olmayan klinik görünüme (lezyonların morfolojisi ve dağılımı, tırnaklarda pitting varlığı ve ailede psoriazis öyküsü) göre gruplara ayrıldı.
Bulgular: En sık görülen klasik histopatolojik bulgular düzenli akantoz (%99,4), konfluent parakeratoz (%96,3), kan damarlarının genişlemesi (%93,1), hiperkeratoz (%89,4) ve suprapapapiller tabakada incelme (%89,4) idi. Klasik olmayan histopatolojik bulgular arasında en sık yüzeysel perivasküler dermal infiltrasyon (%81,3) ve spongioz (%53,8) görüldü. Hastalık süresi 12 ayın üzerindeki hastalarda hiperkeratoz (p=0,044) ve intraepidermal lenfosit birikimi (p=0,042) daha sık görüldü. Munro mikroabsesi (p=0,010) ve stratum bazalede nekrotik keratinositlerin varlığı (p=0,031) PAŞİ değeri 10’nun üzerindeki hastalarda daha sıktı. Gövdeden alınan biyopsilerde hiperkeratoz (p=0,024) ve suprapapiller tabakada incelme (p=0,027) diğer lokalizasyonlara göre daha belirgindi. Klasik olmayan klinik görünüme sahip hastalarda spongiyoz (p=0,005) ve intraepidermal lenfosit birikimi (p=0,008) daha fazlaydı.
Sonuç: Psoriazis hastalarında klasik olmayan histopatolojik bulgular görülebilmektedir. Tanı sırasında klasik/klasik olmayan histopatolojik bulgular değerlendirilirken klinik özellikler dikkate alınmalıdır.

References

  • Ferreli C, Pinna AL, Pilloni L, Tomasini CF, Rongioletti F. Histopathological aspects of psoriasis and its uncommon variants. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2018;153:173-184. doi:10.23736/s0392-0488.17.05839-4.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Dermatology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yıldız Gürsel Ürün 0000-0002-6137-8395

Gülden Karakalem 0000-0002-1979-2912

Nuray Can 0000-0003-2554-6432

Meltem Ayyıldız Mercan 0000-0003-1329-3431

Publication Date February 29, 2024
Submission Date November 2, 2023
Acceptance Date February 29, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Gürsel Ürün Y, Karakalem G, Can N, Ayyıldız Mercan M. Differences in the classical/non-classical histopathological findings of psoriasis patients according to psoriasis subtype, disease duration and severity, anatomical region, and clinical presentation. Acta Med Nicomedia. February 2024;7(1):98-111. doi:10.53446/actamednicomedia.1384616

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