Amerikan Yumuşak Gücü ve Üzerindeki Trump Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 249 - 265, 31.12.2022

İbrahim Karataş , Ahmet Hüsrev Çelik

https://doi.org/10.31679/adamakademi.915924

Abstract

Bu çalışma Amerika’nın yumuşak gücünün Donald Trump dönemi öncesi ve sonrasını analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, Amerikan yumuşak gücünün Trump’dan çok önceleri azalmaya başladığını iddia etmektedir. ABD kurumsal ve kültürel bazda halen çok cazibedar bir ülkeyken, dış politikasının yumuşak gücüne çok da bir katkısının olduğu söylenemez. Bunun yanı sıra Trump’ın tahmin edilemez ve çelişkili karakteriyle ‘Önce Amerika’ mottosu Amerika’nın prestijine büyük zarar vermiştir. Ayrıca 6 Ocak 2021’de Amerikan kongresine yapılan baskın önümüzdeki dönemin de yumuşak güç bağlamında sıkıntılı geçeceğinin işaretlerini vermektedir. Ancak bu çalışma her şeye rağmen Trump’ın Irak ve Afganistan’dan asker çekmek gibi verdiği bazı kararların doğru olduğunu ve Amerika’nın imajına pozitif katkı sunduğunu savunmaktadır. Çalışma Amerikan yumuşak gücünü incelerken genel olarak yumuşak gücü de analiz etmekte ve kendi argümanlarını da literatüre kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalenin yazımı için literatür taraması yapılmıştır.

Keywords

ABD, Yumuşak Güç, Donald Trump

The US Soft Power and the Trump Effect on It

Abstract

This study analyzes the US soft power before and after President Trump took power. It argues that the US soft power had been waning before the Trump administration due to its foreign policy. While the US is still attractive in many cultural and institutional aspects, its foreign policy no longer contributes much to its soft power. In addition, there was a Trump effect on US soft power as such that his unpredictable and contradictory character and ‘America First’ policy damaged the US image. Besides, the raid into US congress hints that post-Trump period might also be problematic in terms of soft power. Yet, this study asserts that he also gave some correct decisions such as withdrawing troops from battlefields. While analyzing the US soft power, this study also questions the conceptualization of soft power and smart power and introduces new arguments. This study aims to propose new ideas about the US soft power and partly the concept of soft power via reviewing the literature.

Keywords

USA, Soft Power, Donald Trump

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