The Evaluation of Occlusion Characteristic and Deleterious Oral Habits in 3- to 5-year-old Children

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 303 - 311, 20.05.2024

Nagehan Aktaş , Zeliha Hatipoğlu Palaz , Nese Akal

https://doi.org/10.54617/adoklinikbilimler.1376924

Abstract

Aim: Malocclusion is a prevalent public health concern, impacting craniofacial growth and development, and significantly affecting the quality of life of children in terms of oral health. This study investigated the prevalence of malocclusion in children aged 3 to 5 years, aiming to understand its occlusal characteristics, deleterious oral habits, correlations, and their parents’ attitudes toward malocclusion.
Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study included 275 children aged 3-5 and their parents. The occlusion characteristics of the children participating in the study, including the relationship of the primary molar and canine teeth, overjet, crossbite, deep bite and anterior open bite, were evaluated and recorded by a researcher. A 7-item questionnaire was administered to the parents to collect sociodemographic data and oral health habits of the children's parents. The chi-square test was used for statistical assessment of results.
Results: The results revealed that 40.7% of the children had malocclusion during their primary dentition period. It was found that the most common malocclusion was deep bite (15.7%) and harmful oral habits, especially bruxism (16.3%), were commonly observed among children in the researched age group.
Conclusion: The results of this study will play an important role in shaping future oral health planning, especially regarding malocclusions seen in the primary dentition. It is thought that the findings from the study will guide strategies to improve oral health and preventive measures.

Keywords

Child, Deleterious oral habits, Malocclusion, Primary dentition

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Dentistry at Gazi University in 2019. (application number: 19.03/4).

3-5 Yaş Arasındaki Çocuklarda Okluzyon Özellikleri ve Zararlı Ağız Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Malokluzyon, kraniyofasiyal büyüme ve gelişmeyi ve ağız sağlığı açısından çocukların yaşam kalitesini önemli ölçüde etkileyen yaygın bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışma, 3-5 yaş arası çocuklarda malokluzyonun yaygınlığını araştırarak malokluzyonun özelliklerini, zararlı ağız alışkanlıklarını, korelasyonlarını ve ebeveynlerinin maloklüzyon sorununa yönelik tutumlarını anlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya 3-5 yaş arasındaki 275 çocuk ve onların ebeveynleri dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan çocukların süt molar ve kanin dişlerinin ilişkisi, overjet, çapraz kapanış, derin kapanış ve anterior açık kapanış dahil olmak üzere okluzyon özellikleri bir araştırmacı tarafından değerlendirilerek kayıt altına alınmıştır. Çocukların ebeveynlerinin sosyodemografik verileri ve ağız sağlığıyla ilgili alışkanlıklarını toplamak için ebeveynlere 7 maddelik bir anket uygulanmıştır. İstatistik analizi Ki-kare testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçları çocukların %40.7'sinin süt dişlenme döneminde malokluzyona sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. En yaygın görülen malokluzyonun derin kapanış olduğu (%15.7) ve başta bruksizm (%16.3) olmak üzere zararlı ağız alışkanlıklarının araştırılan yaş grubundaki çocuklar arasında yaygın olarak gözlemlendiği bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, özellikle süt dişlenme döneminde görülen malokluzyonlarla ilgili olarak gelecekteki ağız sağlığı planlamasının şekillendirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynayacaktır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların, ağız sağlığını ve önleyici tedbirleri geliştirmeye yönelik stratejilere rehberlik edeceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Çocuk, Malokluzyon, Süt dentisyon, Zararlı ağız alışkanlıkları

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