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Türkiye ve İran'ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 33 - 42, 28.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.30803/adusobed.334458

Abstract

Kamu diplomasisi kavramının uzun
bir geçmişi bulunmakla birlikte, anlam ve araçları değişmekte ve dış
politikadaki rolü de artmaktadır. Bu makale, Türkiye ve İran’ın, 2010 ile 2016
yılları arasında Suriye’ye yönelik dış politikalarına ilişkin, kamu diplomasisini
analiz etmektedir. Aynı zamanda Türkiye ile İran arasındaki ikili ilişkiler
çerçevesinde, bu iki bölgesel gücün bölgedeki ihtilaflı meseleler üzerinde
işbirliği fırsatları değerlendirmektedir.

 
























Bu çalışma, İran ile Türkiye’nin,
Suriye meselesindeki, kamu diplomasileri ile dış politika yaklaşımları arasında
kayda değer bir ilişki bulunduğunu tespit etmiştir. Bu çerçevede statükonun
muhafazası ve diğer tarafın etkisinin kısıtlanması temelinde oluşturulan kamu
diplomasisi ve dış politika yaklaşımları ikili ilişkilerdeki işbirliği
fırsatlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu durum doğal olarak tarafların
karşılıklı olarak politikalarını yakından takip etmelerine sebep olmakta, bunun
yansımaları da her iki ülkenin medyasında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu
çalışma temelde medyanın hem İran hem de Türkiye’nin kamu diplomasisinde kritik
bir rol oynadığını ve özellikle Suriye olmak üzere bölgesel meselelerde işbirliği
olasılığının zayıflığını yansıttığını savunmaktadır. 

References

  • Alpay, Kenan, (20.12.2016) "İran’ın İşgal ve Katliamlarını Nasıl Tanımlamalı?" (http://www.yeniakit.com.tr/yazarlar/kenan-alpay/iranin-isgal-ve-katliamlarini-nasil-tanimlamali-17607.html), (11 May 2017)
  • Arab, Alireza, (04.05.2012) “رابطه با ترکیه قربانی روابط با سوریه نشود “(Rabeteh ba Turkiye ghorbaniye ravabet be Suriye nashavad.) (http://irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1900649/), (9 May 2017)
  • Barghandan, Mojtabaa. (March, 2017) The impact of public diplomacy on Turkish-Iranian foreign policy: the cases of Iraq and Syria 2000-2016, Unpublished MA Thesis, İstanbul: İstanbul Aydın University.
  • Chrismas, Robert, (2012/2013), “Multi-Track Diplomacy and Canada’s Indigenous Peoples”. Peace Research, Vol. 44/45, No. 2/1, PP. 5-30.
  • Cull, Nicholas, (18 April 2006); “Public Diplomacy before Gullion: The Evolution of a Phrase” (https://uscpublicdiplomacy.org/blog/public-diplomacy-gullion-evolution-phrase), (5 May 2017)
  • Ekşi, Muharrem, (2014) Kamu Diplomasisi ve AK Parti Dönemi Türk Dış Politikası, Siyasal Kitabevi: Ankara.
  • Farsnews, (12.03.2016) “آینده سیاست های ترکیه درباره سوریه “(Ayandehye siyasethayi Turkiye darbareye Suriye) (http://www.farsnews.com/printable.php?nn=13941221000732), (11 May 2017)
  • Farsnews, (19.12.2016), مداخله ترکیه در سوریه و عراق از ترس گسترش حوزه نفوذ ایران است""(Modakheleye Turliye dar Eragh ve Suriye az tarse gostareshe hozeyei nofuze Iran ast) (http://www.farsnews.com/13950929000043) (9 May 2017)
  • Ghaem Maghami, Seyed Ali, (05.04.2016) “ سیاست مغالطه آمیز ترکیه درباره سوریه “ (Siyasate maghlate amiz Turkiye darbareye Suriye) http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1957792 (Accessed 9 May 2017)
  • Holsti, Ole R. (2004) Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy, Revisited Edition (https://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/9780472030118-ch1.pdf), (May 2017)
  • IUVMPress, (7.1.2017) “Turkey has the potential to become another Syria; a virus that Turkey infected itself “ (http://iuvmpress.com/fa/5059), (10 May 2017)
  • Kakaei, Siyamak, (07.11.2016)” “ترکیه دنبال تعریف منطقه نفوذ جدید در عراق و سوریه است (Turkiye be dounbale tarife mantagheye noufuze jadid dar Eragh ve Suriye ast) (http://www.khabaronline.ir/detail/597667/World/middle-east) (10 May 2017)
  • Kalın, İbrahim, (22.02.2017) “İran'ı Uyardı” (http://www.habersitesi.com/ibrahim-kalin-irani-uyardi-38104h.htm); “Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sözcüsü İbrahim Kalın'dan İran'a flaş yanıt,” (https://halkweb.com/cumhurbaskanligi-sozcusu-ibrahim-kalindan-irana-flas-yanit/) (11 May 2017)
  • Khalkhali, Mousavi, (14.01.2016) ایران ستیزی اردوغان برای چیست؟""(Iran setiziye Erdoghan barayi chist?) (http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1955580/ایران%E2%80%8Cستیزی+اردوغان+برای+چیست؟.html) (10 May 2017)
  • Maleki, Sadegh , (07.01.2017) “ رفتارهای ناهنجار ترکیه در قبال ایران “ (http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1967697) (08.03.2017) Report, http://iuvmpress.com/fa/5059 (10 May 2017)
  • Matsumoto, David, & Kouznetsova, Natalia et al (1999) “Psychological Culture, Physical Health, and Subjective Well-being”. Journal of Gender, Culture and Health, Vol.4, No. 1.
  • Nye, Joseph S., (2004) Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, Public Affairs: New York.
  • Nye, Joseph S., (23 February 2006) “Think Again: Soft Power”. (http://foreignpolicy.com/2006/02/23/think-again-soft-power/) (6 May 2017)
  • Özkan, Fadime, ( 19.12.2016) " SETA Uzmanı Can Acun: İran Şii maskesiyle Neo-Pers arayışta" (http://www.star.com.tr/yazar/iran-sii-maskesiyle-neopers-arayista-yazi-1168644/), (11 May 2017)
  • Pekin, İsmail Hakkı, (25.11.2016) " İran’ın bölge politikası " (https://www.aydinlik.com.tr/kose-yazilari/2016-kasim/iran-in-bolge-politikasi), (11 May 2017)
  • Risse-Kappen, Thomas. (July 1991) “Public Opinion, Domestic Structure, and Foreign Policy in Liberal Democracies”. World Politics, Vol. 43, No., pp. 479-512.
  • Rossiter, Clinton, and Lare, James (1982) The Essential Lippmann: A political philosophy for Liberal Democracy, Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
  • Shapiro, Robert Y., (2011) “Public Opinion and American Democracy”. Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 75, No. 5, 75th Anniversary Issue, pp. 982–1017
  • Signitzer, Benno H. , and Coombs, Timothy (1992), “Public relations and Public Diplomacy: Conceptual Convergences”. Public Relations Review, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 137-147.
  • Velayeti, Ali Akbar, (22.02.2017) واکنش ولایتی به اظهارات مقامات ترکیه علیه ایران"(vakoneshe Velayeti be ezharate maghamate Turkiye aliyhe Iran) (http://www.iransarfaraz.com/ShowNews.aspx?page=News&id=91115), (11 May 2017)
  • Yeni şafak, medya gündem (15.12.2016) "Halep'teki katliamdan İran sorumlu"(http://t24.com.tr/haber/yeni-safak-halepteki-katliamdan-iran-sorumlu,377052), (11 May 2017)

Public Diplomacy of Turkey and Iran: Syrian Case

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 33 - 42, 28.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.30803/adusobed.334458

Abstract

Although the concept of public
diplomacy has had long history, its meaning and tools have been changing, which
also leads to increase its role in foreign policy. This article analyzes
the public
diplomacy of Turkey and Iran, regarding their foreign policies towards Syria between
2010 and 2016. Within this framework, the bilateral relations between Turkey
and Iran will be questioned whether these two regional powers could create
opportunities for collaboration on regional conflictual issues.

 






















This
study found that there is a significant correlation between the utilization of
public diplomacy tools and the foreign policy approaches of Iran and Turkey in
the case of Syria. It found that this correlation has been so much delicate and
fragile based on preserving the status quo or limiting other sides’ influence;
it has naturally made them more curious and concerned to their policies as a
kind of direct or indirect response, which emerged in the media of both
countries. As a result,
this paper mainly argues that the media in both
Turkey’s and Iran’s public diplomacy plays crucial role and reflects the low
possibility to ensure bilateral cooperation on regional issues, especially on Syria. 

References

  • Alpay, Kenan, (20.12.2016) "İran’ın İşgal ve Katliamlarını Nasıl Tanımlamalı?" (http://www.yeniakit.com.tr/yazarlar/kenan-alpay/iranin-isgal-ve-katliamlarini-nasil-tanimlamali-17607.html), (11 May 2017)
  • Arab, Alireza, (04.05.2012) “رابطه با ترکیه قربانی روابط با سوریه نشود “(Rabeteh ba Turkiye ghorbaniye ravabet be Suriye nashavad.) (http://irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1900649/), (9 May 2017)
  • Barghandan, Mojtabaa. (March, 2017) The impact of public diplomacy on Turkish-Iranian foreign policy: the cases of Iraq and Syria 2000-2016, Unpublished MA Thesis, İstanbul: İstanbul Aydın University.
  • Chrismas, Robert, (2012/2013), “Multi-Track Diplomacy and Canada’s Indigenous Peoples”. Peace Research, Vol. 44/45, No. 2/1, PP. 5-30.
  • Cull, Nicholas, (18 April 2006); “Public Diplomacy before Gullion: The Evolution of a Phrase” (https://uscpublicdiplomacy.org/blog/public-diplomacy-gullion-evolution-phrase), (5 May 2017)
  • Ekşi, Muharrem, (2014) Kamu Diplomasisi ve AK Parti Dönemi Türk Dış Politikası, Siyasal Kitabevi: Ankara.
  • Farsnews, (12.03.2016) “آینده سیاست های ترکیه درباره سوریه “(Ayandehye siyasethayi Turkiye darbareye Suriye) (http://www.farsnews.com/printable.php?nn=13941221000732), (11 May 2017)
  • Farsnews, (19.12.2016), مداخله ترکیه در سوریه و عراق از ترس گسترش حوزه نفوذ ایران است""(Modakheleye Turliye dar Eragh ve Suriye az tarse gostareshe hozeyei nofuze Iran ast) (http://www.farsnews.com/13950929000043) (9 May 2017)
  • Ghaem Maghami, Seyed Ali, (05.04.2016) “ سیاست مغالطه آمیز ترکیه درباره سوریه “ (Siyasate maghlate amiz Turkiye darbareye Suriye) http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1957792 (Accessed 9 May 2017)
  • Holsti, Ole R. (2004) Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy, Revisited Edition (https://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/9780472030118-ch1.pdf), (May 2017)
  • IUVMPress, (7.1.2017) “Turkey has the potential to become another Syria; a virus that Turkey infected itself “ (http://iuvmpress.com/fa/5059), (10 May 2017)
  • Kakaei, Siyamak, (07.11.2016)” “ترکیه دنبال تعریف منطقه نفوذ جدید در عراق و سوریه است (Turkiye be dounbale tarife mantagheye noufuze jadid dar Eragh ve Suriye ast) (http://www.khabaronline.ir/detail/597667/World/middle-east) (10 May 2017)
  • Kalın, İbrahim, (22.02.2017) “İran'ı Uyardı” (http://www.habersitesi.com/ibrahim-kalin-irani-uyardi-38104h.htm); “Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sözcüsü İbrahim Kalın'dan İran'a flaş yanıt,” (https://halkweb.com/cumhurbaskanligi-sozcusu-ibrahim-kalindan-irana-flas-yanit/) (11 May 2017)
  • Khalkhali, Mousavi, (14.01.2016) ایران ستیزی اردوغان برای چیست؟""(Iran setiziye Erdoghan barayi chist?) (http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1955580/ایران%E2%80%8Cستیزی+اردوغان+برای+چیست؟.html) (10 May 2017)
  • Maleki, Sadegh , (07.01.2017) “ رفتارهای ناهنجار ترکیه در قبال ایران “ (http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/fa/page/1967697) (08.03.2017) Report, http://iuvmpress.com/fa/5059 (10 May 2017)
  • Matsumoto, David, & Kouznetsova, Natalia et al (1999) “Psychological Culture, Physical Health, and Subjective Well-being”. Journal of Gender, Culture and Health, Vol.4, No. 1.
  • Nye, Joseph S., (2004) Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, Public Affairs: New York.
  • Nye, Joseph S., (23 February 2006) “Think Again: Soft Power”. (http://foreignpolicy.com/2006/02/23/think-again-soft-power/) (6 May 2017)
  • Özkan, Fadime, ( 19.12.2016) " SETA Uzmanı Can Acun: İran Şii maskesiyle Neo-Pers arayışta" (http://www.star.com.tr/yazar/iran-sii-maskesiyle-neopers-arayista-yazi-1168644/), (11 May 2017)
  • Pekin, İsmail Hakkı, (25.11.2016) " İran’ın bölge politikası " (https://www.aydinlik.com.tr/kose-yazilari/2016-kasim/iran-in-bolge-politikasi), (11 May 2017)
  • Risse-Kappen, Thomas. (July 1991) “Public Opinion, Domestic Structure, and Foreign Policy in Liberal Democracies”. World Politics, Vol. 43, No., pp. 479-512.
  • Rossiter, Clinton, and Lare, James (1982) The Essential Lippmann: A political philosophy for Liberal Democracy, Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
  • Shapiro, Robert Y., (2011) “Public Opinion and American Democracy”. Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 75, No. 5, 75th Anniversary Issue, pp. 982–1017
  • Signitzer, Benno H. , and Coombs, Timothy (1992), “Public relations and Public Diplomacy: Conceptual Convergences”. Public Relations Review, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 137-147.
  • Velayeti, Ali Akbar, (22.02.2017) واکنش ولایتی به اظهارات مقامات ترکیه علیه ایران"(vakoneshe Velayeti be ezharate maghamate Turkiye aliyhe Iran) (http://www.iransarfaraz.com/ShowNews.aspx?page=News&id=91115), (11 May 2017)
  • Yeni şafak, medya gündem (15.12.2016) "Halep'teki katliamdan İran sorumlu"(http://t24.com.tr/haber/yeni-safak-halepteki-katliamdan-iran-sorumlu,377052), (11 May 2017)
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özüm Sezin Uzun

Mojtaba Barghandan

Publication Date December 28, 2017
Acceptance Date October 20, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Uzun, Ö. S., & Barghandan, M. (2017). Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(3), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.30803/adusobed.334458
AMA Uzun ÖS, Barghandan M. Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği. ADUSOBIED. December 2017;4(3):33-42. doi:10.30803/adusobed.334458
Chicago Uzun, Özüm Sezin, and Mojtaba Barghandan. “Türkiye Ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 4, no. 3 (December 2017): 33-42. https://doi.org/10.30803/adusobed.334458.
EndNote Uzun ÖS, Barghandan M (December 1, 2017) Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 4 3 33–42.
IEEE Ö. S. Uzun and M. Barghandan, “Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği”, ADUSOBIED, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 33–42, 2017, doi: 10.30803/adusobed.334458.
ISNAD Uzun, Özüm Sezin - Barghandan, Mojtaba. “Türkiye Ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 4/3 (December 2017), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.30803/adusobed.334458.
JAMA Uzun ÖS, Barghandan M. Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği. ADUSOBIED. 2017;4:33–42.
MLA Uzun, Özüm Sezin and Mojtaba Barghandan. “Türkiye Ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 3, 2017, pp. 33-42, doi:10.30803/adusobed.334458.
Vancouver Uzun ÖS, Barghandan M. Türkiye ve İran’ın Kamu Diplomasisi: Suriye Örneği. ADUSOBIED. 2017;4(3):33-42.

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