İnflamasyonun Önemli Bir Düzenleyicisi Olarak S100 Proteinleri

Year 2020, Volume: 53 Issue: Ek Sayı 1, 41 - 45, 30.06.2020

Emrah Salman , Reyhan Bilici Salman , Abdurrahman Tufan

https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.680724

Cited By: 2

Abstract

S100 proteinleri amonyum sülfatta %100 çözünürlükleri olan, kalsiyum bağlayan, küçük (10-12 kDa) asidik sitozolik proteinlerdir. Kalsiyum bağlanmasıyla S100 proteinleri konformasyonel değişikliğe uğrar ve spesifik ligand veya reseptörlerine bağlanır ayrıca S100 proteinlerinin hemen hepsi homodimer ve/veya heterodimer formasyonu göstermektedir. S100 proteinleri hücre proliferasyonu, protein fosforilasyonu, farklılaşma, enerji metabolizması, kalsiyum homeostazı, inflamasyon ve hücre ölümü gibi çeşitli süreçlerde görev almaktadır.S100 proteinlerinin ekpresyonu kardiyomiyopatiler, Alzheimer gibi santral sinir sitemi hastalıkları, kanser ve inflamatuvar hastalıklarda değişmektedir.S100 A4 erken kanser teşhisi ve kanser metastazını öngörmede umut vadeden bir belirteçtir. Hiperproliferatif ve inflamatuvar cilt hastalıklarında S100A7 ekspresyonunda artış görülür ve bu değişken ekspresyon epitelyal cilt kanserleri ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Enfeksiyonla indüklenen inflamasyon S100A8/A9 sekresyonunun temel kaynaklarındandır. Gut, diyabet ve obezite gibi metabolik inflamatuvar hastalıklarda S100A8/A9 serum ve inflamatuvar bölgelerde artmış miktarlarda saptanır. S100A11 yolağı genellikle osteoartrit patogenezi ile ilişkilidir. S100A12 artrit, vaskülit ve inflamatuvar barsak hastalıkları ile enfeksiyonlarla ilişkilidir.S100B’nin Alzheimer ve inflamatuvar barsak hastalıklarında da rolü vardır.

S100 proteins are small (10–12 kDa), calcium binding acidic cytosolic proteins which has a solubility in 100% ammonium sulfate . Upon calcium binding, S100 proteins undergo conformational changes enabling them to bind to specific ligands or receptors. Common to almost all S100 proteins is their ability to form homodimers and/or heterodimers. S100 proteins have functions of cell proliferation, protein phosphorylation , differentiation, energy metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, inflammation, and cell death. Expression of S100 proteins is altered in a variety of diseases, including cardiomyopathies, diseases of the central nervous system (CNS; such as Alzheimer disease), cancer and inflammatory disorders. S100A4 is a promising candidate biomarker in early cancer diagnosis and for the prediction of cancer metastasis. S100A7 is overexpressed in hyperproliferative andinflammatory skin diseases and an altered expression of this protein is associated with epithelial skin tumours. Infection-induced inflammation is one of the main resources for S100A8/A9 secretion. In metabolic inflammatory diseases, such as gout, diabetes, and obesity, S100A8/A9 is secreted and distributed in a disease-specific manner, and elevated levels of S100A8/A9 have been detected in sera and inflammatory sites. S100A11 pathway is particularly relevant for the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. S100A12 proteins are associated with disease activity in many inflammatory diseases (including arthritis, vasculitis and inflammatory bowel disease) and infections. Pathogenic roles for extracellular S100B have been proposed in Alzheimer disease and in inflammatory bowel disease.

Keywords

İnflamasyon, S100 proteinleri, Inflammation, S100 Proteins

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