Research Article
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Efficient Routing Discovery Algorithm in MANET

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 61 - 71, 30.06.2020

Abstract

There is a recent wireless technology called Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) with a vast range of applications. MANET without infrastructure leads to routing faces challenges. A broadcasting technique is utilized in a MANET to find a route in on-demand routing protocols. Establishment and regular maintenance of a route represent the important challenge issues. Therefore, nodes require to control the broadcast packets among themselves. This situation leads to broadcast storm problem, which increases link breakage, reduce the duration and decreases the overall performance of the network. The commonly ideal protocol of MANET is reactive routing protocols, due to less control overhead and scalability. However, due to the mobility of the nodes, there is a frequent link breakages they are continually suffers and a new reactive routing protocol is proposed Aware Ad-Hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol - Power and Time Direction Predication (AODVPTD) aim to handle the diminish the connection breakages and get a steady route in Ad-Hoc networks. AODVPTD evidence the route discovery and route reply depending on the power, time of the taking an interest hubs and their headings. In addition, the proposed AODV-PTD algorithm reduced the network overhead. Network reenactment version 2.35 (NS2.35) was utilized for looking at the proposed calculation with AODV routing protocol in terms end-to-end delay, average throughput, and packet delivery ratio. 

References

  • Alani, H., and Alsaqour, R. 2017. Routing discovery scheme for high mobility in MANET. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 12(2), 536-543.
  • Murthy, C. S. R., and Manoj, B. S. 2004. Ad hoc wireless networks: Architectures and protocols, portable documents. Pearson education.
  • Mohapatra, P., and Krishnamurthy, S. (Eds.). 2004. AD HOC NETWORKS: technologies and protocols. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Umamaheswaran, S., Kumar, N., and Biswas, P. K. 2014. A survey of routing protocol design patterns for mobile ad hoc networks., In 2014 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication and Networking (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  • Pullin, A. J., and Pattinson, C. 2008. A realistic battlefield model for the evaluation of MANET., In 2008 Fifth Annual Conference on Wireless on Demand Network Systems and Services (pp. 81-84). IEEE.
  • Habib, S., Saleem, S., and Saqib, K. M. 2013. Review on MANET routing protocols and challenges., In 2013 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Developement (pp. 529-533). IEEE.
  • Yang, X., and Vaidya, N. 2005. On physical carrier sensing in wireless ad hoc networks., In Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Vol. 4, pp. 25252535). IEEE.
  • Aarti, D. S.S. 2013. Tyagi, Study Of Manet: Characteristics, challenges, application and security attacks., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(5), 252-257.
  • Li, S., Lou, L., and Hong, L. 2013. Directional probabilistic broadcast in wireless mobile ad hoc networks., In 2013 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (pp. 1421-1424). IEEE.
  • Tseng, Y. C., Ni, S. Y., Chen, Y. S., and Sheu, J. P. 2002. The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network, Wireless networks, 8(2-3), 153-167.
  • Ruiz, P., and Bouvry, P. 2015. Survey on broadcast algorithms for mobile ad hoc networks., ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 48(1), 1-35.
  • Patel, D. N., Patel, S. B., Kothadiya, H. R., Jethwa, P. D., and Jhaveri, R. H. 2014. A survey of reactive routing protocols in MANET., In International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES2014) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  • Shenbagapriya, R., and Kumar, N. 2014. A survey on proactive routing protocols in MANETs., In 2014 International Conference on Science Engineering and Management Research (ICSEMR) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
  • Boukerche, A., Turgut, B., Aydin, N., Ahmad, M. Z., Bölöni, L., and Turgut, D. 2011. Routing protocols in ad hoc networks: A survey., Computer networks, 55(13), 3032-3080.
  • Sarkar, P., and Paul, H. 2015. Performance Comparison of AODV, DSR, DYMO and TORA Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks., Int. J. on Network Security, 6.
  • Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., and Das, S. 2003. RFC3561: Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing.
  • Gouda, B. S., Panigrahi, P. P., and Choudhury, A. 2013. A new optimal approach for improving energy efficiency in wireless ad-hoc networks., In 2013 IEEE Conference on Information & Communication Technologies (pp. 1095-1100). IEEE.
  • Keshav, S. 1988. REAL: A network simulator., University of California Berkeley, Calif, USA.
  • Navidi, W., and Camp, T. 2004. Stationary distributions for the random waypoint mobility model., IEEE transactions on Mobile Computing, 3(1), 99-108.

MANET İçin Verimli Yönlendirme Keşif Algoritması

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 61 - 71, 30.06.2020

Abstract

Mobil Tasarsız Ağ (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network - MANET), günümüzde çeşitli uygulamalara sahip yeni nesil kablosuz haberleşme ağlarında birdir. Ancak altyapısız olan MANET sıklıkla yönlendirme sorunlarıyla karşılaşmaktadır. İsteğe bağlı yönlendirme protokollerinde bir yol bulmak için MANET’te özel bir yayın tekniği kullanılmaktadır. Bir rotanın kurulması ve düzenli bakımı göz önünde bulundurulması gereken başlıca zorluklarındandır. Bu nedenle, düğümlerin yayın paketlerini kendi aralarında kontrol etmeleri gerekir. Bu durum, bağlantı kopmasını artıran, süreyi azaltan ve ağın genel performansını azaltan yayın fırtınası sorununa yol açar. İdeal MANET protokolü olarak genellikle ek yükün daha az kontrol edilmesinin gerekmesi ve ölçeklenebilirlik nedeniyle reaktif yönlendirme protokolleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada düğümlerin hareketliliği nedeniyle, sıklıkla bağlantı kopması önlemek için Farkındalıklı Tasarsız Geçici Mesafe Vektörü Yönlendirme Protokolü - Güç ve Zaman Yön Tahmini (Aware Ad-Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol - Power and Time Direction Predication - AODV-PTD) diye adlandırılan yeni bir reaktif yönlendirme protokolü önerilmektedir. Böylece tasarsız ağlarda bağlantı kopmalarının azaltılması ve istikrarlı bir yol izlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. AODV-PTD, güce, ilgili merkezlerde geçirdiği süreye ve başlıklarına bağlı olarak rotanın bulunması ve rotanın cevabını tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bunlara ek olarak, önerilen AODV-PTD algoritması ağ yükünü düşürmektedir. Önerilen AODV yönlendirme protokolünün, uçtan uca gecikmesini, ortalama doğrudan veri transferi ve paket teslim oranını analiz etmek için Network Reenactment v2.35 (NS2.35) programı kullanılmıştır. 

References

  • Alani, H., and Alsaqour, R. 2017. Routing discovery scheme for high mobility in MANET. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 12(2), 536-543.
  • Murthy, C. S. R., and Manoj, B. S. 2004. Ad hoc wireless networks: Architectures and protocols, portable documents. Pearson education.
  • Mohapatra, P., and Krishnamurthy, S. (Eds.). 2004. AD HOC NETWORKS: technologies and protocols. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Umamaheswaran, S., Kumar, N., and Biswas, P. K. 2014. A survey of routing protocol design patterns for mobile ad hoc networks., In 2014 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication and Networking (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  • Pullin, A. J., and Pattinson, C. 2008. A realistic battlefield model for the evaluation of MANET., In 2008 Fifth Annual Conference on Wireless on Demand Network Systems and Services (pp. 81-84). IEEE.
  • Habib, S., Saleem, S., and Saqib, K. M. 2013. Review on MANET routing protocols and challenges., In 2013 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Developement (pp. 529-533). IEEE.
  • Yang, X., and Vaidya, N. 2005. On physical carrier sensing in wireless ad hoc networks., In Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Vol. 4, pp. 25252535). IEEE.
  • Aarti, D. S.S. 2013. Tyagi, Study Of Manet: Characteristics, challenges, application and security attacks., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(5), 252-257.
  • Li, S., Lou, L., and Hong, L. 2013. Directional probabilistic broadcast in wireless mobile ad hoc networks., In 2013 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (pp. 1421-1424). IEEE.
  • Tseng, Y. C., Ni, S. Y., Chen, Y. S., and Sheu, J. P. 2002. The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network, Wireless networks, 8(2-3), 153-167.
  • Ruiz, P., and Bouvry, P. 2015. Survey on broadcast algorithms for mobile ad hoc networks., ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 48(1), 1-35.
  • Patel, D. N., Patel, S. B., Kothadiya, H. R., Jethwa, P. D., and Jhaveri, R. H. 2014. A survey of reactive routing protocols in MANET., In International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES2014) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  • Shenbagapriya, R., and Kumar, N. 2014. A survey on proactive routing protocols in MANETs., In 2014 International Conference on Science Engineering and Management Research (ICSEMR) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
  • Boukerche, A., Turgut, B., Aydin, N., Ahmad, M. Z., Bölöni, L., and Turgut, D. 2011. Routing protocols in ad hoc networks: A survey., Computer networks, 55(13), 3032-3080.
  • Sarkar, P., and Paul, H. 2015. Performance Comparison of AODV, DSR, DYMO and TORA Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks., Int. J. on Network Security, 6.
  • Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., and Das, S. 2003. RFC3561: Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing.
  • Gouda, B. S., Panigrahi, P. P., and Choudhury, A. 2013. A new optimal approach for improving energy efficiency in wireless ad-hoc networks., In 2013 IEEE Conference on Information & Communication Technologies (pp. 1095-1100). IEEE.
  • Keshav, S. 1988. REAL: A network simulator., University of California Berkeley, Calif, USA.
  • Navidi, W., and Camp, T. 2004. Stationary distributions for the random waypoint mobility model., IEEE transactions on Mobile Computing, 3(1), 99-108.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bakir Alani

Cagatay Aydin This is me

Dogu Cagdas Atilla

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date January 8, 2019
Acceptance Date December 24, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Alani, B., Aydin, C., & Cagdas Atilla, D. (2020). Efficient Routing Discovery Algorithm in MANET. AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 4(1), 61-71.