A New Approach in Epilepsy Treatment: Nanocarrier Systems

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 33 - 44, 31.01.2021

Burçak Yavuz , Özlem Yıldırım , Ahsen Gulizar Yılmaz

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases have a very important place in terms of public health. Epilepsy is one of the most common CNS diseases. Epilepsy is a chronic disease and a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality. The causes of this disease, of which many people around the world suffer from epilepsy, are still not fully clarified. It is known that approximately 50 million people suffer from epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs are frequently used in the treatment of epilepsy, but the difficulty with these drugs is the emergence of drug resistance additionally antiepileptic drugs can be administered in oral and intravenous ways. But these treatments are not every time effective. On the other hand, drugs used in the treatment of epilepsy must be delivered effectively and safely within the brain. Therefore, new delivery systems are needed to deliver drugs at concentrations determined for high therapeutic efficacy in epilepsy without side effects. Considering this information, there is a need to develop new treatment strategies. With the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles as an effective drug delivery system have been shown to be significantly effective in the treatment of diseases. Nanocarrier systems can fulfill many functions such that they can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) pass a specific cell or signaling pathway, reply to endogenous stimulus, support nerve regeneration, and ensure cell survival. Thanks to these features, it is seen that nano-carrier systems are quite assertive in being the current treatment methods in epilepsy. Today, studies of the therapeutic efficacy of liposomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, and nanoemulsions as nano-carrier systems on central nervous system diseases are still ongoing. It holds promise in the concentration control of the drugs and in the delivery of the drug to the target tissue through the BBB. In this review, the role of nanocarrier systems in addition to current treatment methods in epilepsy disease was investigated.

Keywords

Epilepsy, Epidemiology, Treatment, Nanotechology, Nanocarrıer Systems

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