STATISTICAL EXAMINATION OF SOCIOECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES IN EU COUNTRIES IN THE POST-INITIAL PERIOD OF COVID-19

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 20, 19 - 33, 30.12.2022

Seyyid Ali Ertaş , Emre Ekinci

Öz

The new type of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease has had devastating effects on socio-economic, health, and environmental indicators. Although the impact of the outbreak has been similar in most countries, there are also differences. Using basic components analysis, consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in EU nations in 2021, when it peaked internationally, were examined in this study. Government revenue, expenditure, and primary aggregates, government deficit/surplus, debt, and related data, people at risk of poverty exclusion, employment, and interaction, exports, and imports by EU/third-country Member States, GDP, and main components, streamlined energy balances, gas prices for domestic consumers, underemployment, total air emissions accounts bridging to emission inventory totals, environmental protection investments of total economy and population variables were used in the study. As a result of the study, we see that the country least affected by COVID-19 in terms of socio-economic, environmental and energy indicators is Greece and the most affected one is the Netherlands. In future studies, it can be tested by performing clustering analysis with the same data.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVİD-19, Principal Components Analysis, Socio-Economic and Environment Indicators

COVID-19 BAŞLANGIÇ SONRASI DÖNEMDE AB ÜLKELERİNDE SOSYO-EKONOMİK VE ÇEVRESEL DEĞİŞKENLERİN İSTATİSTİKSEL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Yeni tip Koronavirüs (SARS-CoV-2) hastalığı; sosyo-ekonomik, sağlık, çevre vb. değişkenler üzerinde yıkıcı sonuçlar doğurmuştur. Salgının etkisi çoğu ülkede benzer sonuçlar doğursa da farklılıklar da bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Kovid-19 salgınının dünya çapında zirve yaptığı 2021 yılında AB ülkelerindeki etkileri bağlamında temel bileşen analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, hükümet geliri, harcamaları ve ana toplamlar, hükümet açığı/fazlası, borç ve ilgili veriler, yoksulluk veya sosyal dışlanma riski altındaki insanlar, istihdam ve faaliyet, AB/üçüncü ülkelerin Üye Devletleri tarafından yapılan ihracat ve ithalat, GSYİH ve ana bileşenler, basitleştirilmiş enerji dengeleri, hane halkı için gaz fiyatları, işsizlik, emisyon envanteri toplamlarına köprü oluşturan hava emisyonları hesapları toplamları, toplam ekonominin çevre koruma yatırımları ve nüfus değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bu göstergeler bağlamında AB ülkelerinin yoğun COVİD-19 dönemindeki gelişmişlik düzeyleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda sosyo-ekonomik, çevresel ve enerji göstergeleri açısından COVID-19'dan en az etkilenen ülkenin Yunanistan, en çok etkilenen ülkenin ise Hollanda olduğu görülmektedir. Bundan sonraki çalışmalarda aynı verilerle kümeleme analizi yapılarak test edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

KOVİD-19, Temel Bileşenler Analizi, Sosyo-Ekonomik ve Çevre Göstergeleri.

Kaynakça

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