Nükleobazların Demetilasyonu ve Güncel Gelişmeler

Year 2021, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 158 - 165, 30.09.2021

Kezban Kartlaşmış , Nurten Dikmen

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.906243

Abstract

DNA dizisi aynı kalarak DNA, RNA ve proteinlerin işlev ve düzenleme mekanizmalarının etkilenmesi ile sonuçlanan gen işlevlerindeki değişiklikler epigenetik olarak tanımlanır. Son yıllarda gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte epigenetik alanında yapılan çalışmalar, insanlar üzerindeki önemli etkilerinin keşfedilmesini ve hastalıklarla ilişkisinin anlaşılmasını sağlamıştır. Birçok hastalık, epigenetik mekanizmaların düzenlenmesindeki hata ya da düzensizlik ile genlerin ifadesinin aşırı artması/baskılanması sonucunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Son dönemlerde üzerinde çok çalışılan ve hakkında en çok bilgi sahibi olunan epigenetik mekanizmalar DNA ve RNA metilasyonudur. Epigenetik hastalık mekanizmalarının anlaşılma ve değerlendirilmesinde metilasyonların yanı sıra DNA ve RNA demetilasyon süreçleriyle ilgili olarak yapılan moleküler düzeydeki araştırmalar da büyük önem kazanmıştır.

Keywords

Demetilasyon, Epigenezis, Nucleobase

Demethylation of Nucleobases and Current Developments

Abstract

They defined epigenetics as changes in gene function that do not change the DNA sequence, but result in changes in the functions and regulation mechanisms of DNA, proteins and RNAs. Studies conducted in the field of epigenetics with the developing technology in recent years have enabled us to discover its important effects on humans and to understand its relationship with diseases. Many diseases occur as a result of excessive increase / suppression of the expression of genes by error or irregularity in the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms. The epigenetic mechanism that has been studied a lot and the most known epigenetic mechanism is DNA and RNA methylation. In addition to methylations, molecular-level research on DNA and RNA demethylation processes has gained great importance in understanding and evaluating epigenetic disease mechanisms.

Keywords

Demethylation, epigenesis, nucleobases

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