Grafen ve Grafen Üretim Yöntemleri

Year 2016, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 544 - 554, 31.12.2016

Ayşe Bedeloğlu , Mahmut Taş

Abstract

2010 yılı nobel fizik ödülünün grafen hakkındaki ‘’Çığır açan deneyleri’’ dolayısıyla Hollandalı Andre Geim ve Rus kökenli İngiliz vatandaşı Konstantin Novoselov’a verilmesi dikkatleri ‘’mucize materyal’’ olarak da bilinen bu malzeme üzerine çekmiştir. Grafen tek atom inceliğinde olduğundan dolayı iki boyutlu kabul edilen, kovalent bağ ile bağlı karbon atomlarının altılı balpeteği örgüsünde kusursuzca dizilmesiyle oluşturduğu üstün özelliklere sahip bir nanomateryal olarak tanınmaktadır. Grafen yapısında karbon-karbon arası bağ uzunluğu 0,142 nm’dir. Grafen içindeki elektronlar oda sıcaklığında kütlesiz rölativistik parçaçıklar gibi davranır, bu sayede grafen kuantum boşluğu etkisi gibi kendine has özellikler sergiler. Grafenin temel üstün özellikleri geniş yüzey alanı (2630 m 2 g – 1) yüksek elektron mobilitesi (200000 cm2/(V s) yüksek ısıl iletkenliği (5000 Wm-1K-1) ve yüksek young modülü (~1100 Gpa) olarak sıralanabilir. Bu malzeme sahip olduğu üstün özellikler nedeniyle bir çok uygulama alanı bulmaktadır bunların başlıcaları transparan elektrotlar, alan etkili transistörler, sensörler, temiz enerji cihazları, nanokompozitler ve organik fotovoltaik cihazlar olarak sayılabilir. Bu çalışmada üstün özellikleri ile ön plana çıkan grafen nanomateryalinin üretim yöntemleri ele alınacaktır.

Keywords

Grafen, Hummers metodu, Grafen sentezi, 2D karbon, Kimyasal Buhar biriktirme

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