Varto Kalderası (Bingöl, Doğu Anadolu) Patlamalı Püskürüm Ürünleri ve Kaldera Oluşumu

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 528 - 542, 30.06.2020

Özgür Karaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.695256

Abstract

Varto Kaldera volkanı, Kuvaterner döneminde oluşumunu tamamlamasının ardından, Varto Fay Zonu tarafından deforme edilerek günümüzde yarım Kaldera morfolojisi ile sonuçlanmıştır. Varto Kaldera’sının oluşumu patlamalı püskürümler sonucu açığa çıkan piroklastik yoğunluk akıntı çökelleriyle yakından ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada Kaldera çökmesine sebep olan püskürüm ürünlerinin fasiyes analizleri yapılarak bu ürünler detaylı olarak tanıtılmıştır. Kaldera çökmesiyle ilişkili beş farklı ignimbirit tanımlanmıştır. Kaldera çökmesinin ardından patlamalı püskürümlerin devam ettiği ve Kaldera içinde depolandığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu ignimbiritler ile eş yaşlı çökelen sedimanter kırıntılar arasında fasiyes ilişkileri de tespit edilmiştir. Volkano-sedimanter istifler içinde çeşitli yumuşak deformasyon yapıları ile kırılgan deformasyon yapıları tespit edilmiştir. Bu deformasyon yapılarının volkanik patlamalar sırasında volkano-sismik aktiviteler sonucu oluştuğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Kaldera, Volkan, Varto, İgnimbirit, Volkanik Püskürümler, Fasiyes

Supporting Institution

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi

Project Number

2014-MİM-B062

The Varto Caldera (Bingöl, Eastern Anatolia) Explosive Eruption Products and Caldera Formation

Abstract

The Varto Caldera volcano has been deformed by the Varto Fault Zone after completing its formation through the Quaternary period, resulting in the recent morphology of the half caldera. The formation of the Varto Caldera is closely related to the pyroclastic density current deposits that were erupted as a result of explosive eruptions. In this study, facies analysis of the erupted materials that cause caldera collapse has been carried out, and these products have been introduced in detail. Five different ignimbrites related to the caldera collapse have been identified. After the collapse of the caldera, it was determined that the explosive eruptions continue their volcanic activities and are deposited in the caldera. In addition, facies relations were determined between these coeval ignimbrites and sedimentary deposits. Various soft deformation structures and brittle deformation structures have been identified through volcano-sedimentary sequences. It is concluded that these deformation structures were formed as a result of volcano-seismic activities during volcanic eruptions.

Keywords

Caldera, Volcano, Varto, Ignimbrite, Volcanic Eruptions, Facies

Project Number

2014-MİM-B062

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