Investigation of Performance and Emissions Effect of Biodiesel-Diesel (B20) Mixture Added Cerium Oxide (CeO2) Nanoparticle

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 689 - 702, 30.06.2022

Berkan Aydın , Mehmet Çelik

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1098431

Abstract

Biodiesel has been defined as an alternative fuel which has potential to be used instead of diesel fuel for years. Many methods are used to fuels used in engines to reduce air pollution caused by combustion, to increase engine performance and improve fuel properties. One of them is fuel additives which add in fuel. Many researchers have previously conducted studies that the addition of nanoparticles in diesel and biodiesel fuel improves engine combustion characteristics, reduces fuel consumption, increases engine efficiency and reduces emissions. In this study, biodiesel was produced with transesterification method from cottonseed and mixed into diesel fuel at rate of 20% (B20), and CeO2 was added to this mixture at certain rates. Engine performance and emission characteristics of fuels obtained by adding 25-50-75-100 ppm CeO2 to B20 fuel mixture were investigated. An increase of calorific value of fuel and decrease in viscosity were observed by using CeO2. It was observed that addition of CeO2 in B20, had positive effect on engine power. Compared to B20, power increase was achived 12.58% with B20Ce100 at 2800 rpm. It was observed that the specific fuel consumption (SFC) values decreased with increase of CeO2 concentration. While the SFC of B20Ce100 decreased by 7.44% compared to B20 at 1800 rpm, thermal efficiency increased by 2.69%. Exhaust gas temperatures increased with increase CeO2 ratio which supports complete combustion. Compared to B20 fuel, at 1800 rpm, where the maximum torque was obtained, CO, HC and smoke emissions decreased by 13.03%, 17.17% and 8.44%, respectively, while there was 8.82% increase in NOX emissions in B20Ce100 mixture.

Keywords

Biodiesel, CeO2, Nanoparticles, Engine Performance, Exhaust Emissions

Seryum Oksit (CeO2) Nanopartikülü İlave Edilen Biyodizel-Dizel (B20) Karışımının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkisinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Biyodizel, yıllardır dizel yakıtı yerine kullanılabilecek bir potansiyele sahip alternatif yakıt olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Motorlarda, yanmadan kaynaklanan hava kirliliğini azaltmak, motor performansını arttırmak ve yakıt özelliklerini iyileştirmek için birçok yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Yakıt içerisine ilave edilen katkı maddeleri de bunlardan birisidir. Birçok araştırmacı daha önce dizel ve biyodizel yakıtına nanopartiküllerin eklenmesinin motor yanma özelliklerini iyileştirdiğini, yakıt tüketimini azaltarak motor verimliliği arttırıp ve emisyonları azalttığına dair çalışmalar yapmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, pamuk yağından transesterifikasyon yöntemi ile biyodizel üretilerek dizel yakıtı içerisine %20 (B20) oranında karıştırılmış, bu karışımın içerisine belirli oranlarında CeO2 (seryum oksit) nanopartikül katkı maddesi ilave edilmiştir. Dizel+biyodizel (B20) yakıt karışımına 25-50-75-100 ppm oranlarında CeO2 ilave edilerek elde edilen yakıtların motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristikleri incelenmiştir. CeO2 kullanımı ile birlikte yakıtın ısıl değerinde artış, viskozite ve yoğunluğunda azalma gözlemlenmiştir. Motor gücünde B20 yakıtına CeO2 ilavesinin olumlu etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. B20 yakıtına göre 2800 dev/dk’da B20Ce100 yakıtında %12,58 güç artışı elde edilmiştir. Özgül yakıt tüketimi değerlerinde CeO2 konsantrasyonunun artması ile birlikte azalma gözlemlenmiştir. 1800 dev/dk’da B20 yakıtına göre B20Ce100 yakıtında özgül yakıt tüketiminde %7,44 azalma meydana gelirken, termik verim %2,69 artmıştır. Tam yanmayı destekleyen CeO2 oranının artması ile birlikte egzoz gazı sıcaklıkları artmıştır. Maksimum momentin elde edildiği 1800 dev/dk’da B20 yakıtına göre B20Ce100 karışımında CO, HC ve is emisyonlarında sırasıyla %13,03-%17,17 ve %8.44 azalma elde edilirken, NOX emisyonunda ise %8.82 oranında artış olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

Biyodizel, CeO2, Nanopartikül, Motor Performansı, Egzoz Emisyonu

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