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Science Mapping the International Knowledge Base on the 21st Century Skills

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 504 - 525, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1054567

Abstract

There have been considerable efforts to define, conceptualize and specify the components of 21st century skills in the field of education since the first years of the new millennium. This article presents the results of a broad bibliometric review of research on 21st century skills by identifying the volume, growth trajectory, and geographical dispersion of studies, as well as bringing out the intellectual structure and topical foci of the existing knowledge production in this area. Bibliometric analysis was conducted to examine a total of 4096 articles published on this topic in Web of Science (WoS) indexed journals between 2000–2021. VOSviewer, WoS analytical tools, and Tableau software were used to analyze the data. The results of this analysis yielded five major Schools of Thought: "New Literacies and Skills", "Teachers in the 21st Century”, "Digitalization of Education”, "Media and Communication", and an "Eclectic" cluster. Furthermore, the co-occurrence keyword map revealed four topical foci: "Media Literacy,” "New Literacies and Digital Technologies in Education,” "Digital Literacy and Competencies," and a "Multidimensional" cluster. This study adds nuanced evidence to the literature by providing a baseline for the patterns and characteristics of the knowledge base on 21st century skills.

References

  • Beamish, P. W., & Lupton, N. C. 2016. Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 163-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.08.013
  • Bellanca, J., & Brandt, R. (2010). 21st Century Skills Rethinking How Students Learn. Solution Tree.
  • Bellibaş, M. Ş., & Gümüş, S. (2019). A systematic review of educational leadership and management research in Turkey: Content analysis of topics, conceptual models, and methods. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(6), 731-747. https://doi.org/10.1108/jea-01-2019-0004
  • Berry D.M. (2012). Introduction: Understanding the Digital Humanities. In: Berry D.M. (Ed.) Understanding Digital Humanities. (pp.1-20). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230371934_1
  • Care, E. (2018). Twenty-first century skills: from theory to action. In E. Care, G. Griffin and M. Wilson (Eds.) Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills (pp. 3-17). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65368-6_1
  • Chalkiadaki, A. (2018). A Systematic literature review of 21st century skills and competencies in primary education. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1131a
  • Charland, J. (2014). Teaching and learning: 21st century skills in Maine. The University of Maine.
  • Diem, A., & Wolter, S. C. (2012). The use of bibliometrics to measure research performance in education sciences. Research in Higher Education, 54(1), 86–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-012-9264-5
  • Dishon, G., & Gidead, D. (2020). Adaptability and its discontents: 21st-Century skills and the preparation for an unpredictable future. British Journal of Educational Studies, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2020.1829545
  • European Parliament (2007). Key Competences for Lifelong Learning: A European Reference Framework. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
  • Fullan, M., & Langworthy, M. (2014). A rich seam: How new pedagogies find deep learning. Pearson
  • Griffin, P., McGaw, B., & Care, E. (2012). The changing role of education and schools. In P. Griffin, B. McGaw, & E. Care (Eds.), Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills (pp. 1-16). Dordrecht, Germany: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2324-5_1
  • Hallinger, P. (2018). Science mapping the knowledge base on educational leadership and management in Africa, 1960–2018. School Leadership & Management, 39(5), 537-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2018.1545117
  • Higgins, S. E. (2014). Critical thinking for 21st-century education: A cyber-tooth curriculum? Prospects 44(4), 559-574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-014-9323-0
  • Hood, W., & Wilson, C. (2001). The literature of bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics. Scientometrics, 52, 291-314.
  • Jansen, C. & van der Merwe, P. (2015). Teaching practice in the 21st century: emerging trends, challenges and opportunities. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 3(3), 190-199. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2015.030304
  • Jerald, C.D. (2009). Defining a 21st century education. Alexandria, VA: Center for Public Education.
  • Joynes, C., Rossignoli, S., & Fenyiwa Amonoo-Kuofi, E. (2019). 21st Century Skills: Evidence of issues in definition, demand and delivery for development contexts (K4D Helpdesk Report). Institute of Development Studies.
  • Kellner, D. (2001). New technologies/new literacies: Reconstructing education for the new millennium. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 11(1), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011270402858
  • Lankshear, C., & Knobel, M. (2011). New literacies: Everyday practices and classroom learning, (3rd ed.). Open University Levy, F., Murnane, R. J. (2013). Dancing with robots: Human skills for computerized work (NEXT report). Third Way.
  • Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
  • P21 (2009). 21st century skills early learning framework. Retrieved from http://static.battelleforkids.org/documents/p21/P21_ELF_Framework_Final_20pgs.pdf
  • Salas-Pilco, S. Z. (2013). Evolution of the framework for 21st century competencies. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 5(1), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2013.05.002b
  • Shafique, M. (2010). Thinking inside the box? Intellectual structure of the knowledge base of innovation research (1988–2008). Strategic Management Journal, 34(1), 62-93. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2002
  • Silber-Varod, V., Eshet-Alkalai, Y., & Geri, N. (2019). Tracing research trends of 21st-century learning skills. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(6), 3099-3118. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12753
  • SJR. (2021). Scimago journal & country rank. Retrieved from https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php?category=3304&wos=true&type=j&page=1&total_size=848
  • Small, H. (1999). Visualizing science by citation mapping. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 50(9), 799–813. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(1999)50:9%3C799::aid-asi9%3E3.0.co;2-g
  • Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. Wiley/Jossey-Bass.
  • UNESCO & The Brookings Institution. (2020). Capturing 21st century skills. UNESCO
  • Unger, R. M. (2019). The knowledge economy. Verso Books.
  • Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2017). Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer. Scientometrics, 111(2), 1053-1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7
  • Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2019). VOSviewer manual. Univeristeit Leiden. Retrieved from https://www.vosviewer.com/documentation/Manual_VOSviewer_1.6.10.pdf
  • Van Laar E., Van Deursen A.J.A.M., Van Dijk J.A.G.M. & Jos de Haan (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 577-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.010
  • Van Laar E., Van Deursen A.J.A.M., Van Dijk J.A.G.M. & Jos de Haan (2020). Determinants of 21st-century skills and 21st-century digital skills for workers: A systematic literature review. SAGE Open, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900176
  • Voogt, J., & Roblin, N. P. (2012). A comparative analysis of international frameworks for 21st century competences: Implications for national curriculum policies. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 44, 299-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2012.668938
  • Wagner, T. (2008). Rigor redefined. Educational Leadership, 66(2), 20-25.
  • WestEd. (2018). Technology and engineering literacy framework. U.S. Department of Education
  • White, H. D., & McCain, K. W. (1998). Visualizing a discipline: An author co-citation analysis of information science, 1972-1995. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49, 327-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4%3C327::aid-asi4%3E3.0.co;2-w
  • World Economic Forum (2015). New vision for education: Unlocking the potential of technology. World Economic Forum Press
  • Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629
Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 504 - 525, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1054567

Abstract

References

  • Beamish, P. W., & Lupton, N. C. 2016. Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 163-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.08.013
  • Bellanca, J., & Brandt, R. (2010). 21st Century Skills Rethinking How Students Learn. Solution Tree.
  • Bellibaş, M. Ş., & Gümüş, S. (2019). A systematic review of educational leadership and management research in Turkey: Content analysis of topics, conceptual models, and methods. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(6), 731-747. https://doi.org/10.1108/jea-01-2019-0004
  • Berry D.M. (2012). Introduction: Understanding the Digital Humanities. In: Berry D.M. (Ed.) Understanding Digital Humanities. (pp.1-20). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230371934_1
  • Care, E. (2018). Twenty-first century skills: from theory to action. In E. Care, G. Griffin and M. Wilson (Eds.) Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills (pp. 3-17). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65368-6_1
  • Chalkiadaki, A. (2018). A Systematic literature review of 21st century skills and competencies in primary education. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1131a
  • Charland, J. (2014). Teaching and learning: 21st century skills in Maine. The University of Maine.
  • Diem, A., & Wolter, S. C. (2012). The use of bibliometrics to measure research performance in education sciences. Research in Higher Education, 54(1), 86–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-012-9264-5
  • Dishon, G., & Gidead, D. (2020). Adaptability and its discontents: 21st-Century skills and the preparation for an unpredictable future. British Journal of Educational Studies, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2020.1829545
  • European Parliament (2007). Key Competences for Lifelong Learning: A European Reference Framework. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
  • Fullan, M., & Langworthy, M. (2014). A rich seam: How new pedagogies find deep learning. Pearson
  • Griffin, P., McGaw, B., & Care, E. (2012). The changing role of education and schools. In P. Griffin, B. McGaw, & E. Care (Eds.), Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills (pp. 1-16). Dordrecht, Germany: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2324-5_1
  • Hallinger, P. (2018). Science mapping the knowledge base on educational leadership and management in Africa, 1960–2018. School Leadership & Management, 39(5), 537-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2018.1545117
  • Higgins, S. E. (2014). Critical thinking for 21st-century education: A cyber-tooth curriculum? Prospects 44(4), 559-574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-014-9323-0
  • Hood, W., & Wilson, C. (2001). The literature of bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics. Scientometrics, 52, 291-314.
  • Jansen, C. & van der Merwe, P. (2015). Teaching practice in the 21st century: emerging trends, challenges and opportunities. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 3(3), 190-199. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2015.030304
  • Jerald, C.D. (2009). Defining a 21st century education. Alexandria, VA: Center for Public Education.
  • Joynes, C., Rossignoli, S., & Fenyiwa Amonoo-Kuofi, E. (2019). 21st Century Skills: Evidence of issues in definition, demand and delivery for development contexts (K4D Helpdesk Report). Institute of Development Studies.
  • Kellner, D. (2001). New technologies/new literacies: Reconstructing education for the new millennium. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 11(1), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011270402858
  • Lankshear, C., & Knobel, M. (2011). New literacies: Everyday practices and classroom learning, (3rd ed.). Open University Levy, F., Murnane, R. J. (2013). Dancing with robots: Human skills for computerized work (NEXT report). Third Way.
  • Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
  • P21 (2009). 21st century skills early learning framework. Retrieved from http://static.battelleforkids.org/documents/p21/P21_ELF_Framework_Final_20pgs.pdf
  • Salas-Pilco, S. Z. (2013). Evolution of the framework for 21st century competencies. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 5(1), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2013.05.002b
  • Shafique, M. (2010). Thinking inside the box? Intellectual structure of the knowledge base of innovation research (1988–2008). Strategic Management Journal, 34(1), 62-93. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2002
  • Silber-Varod, V., Eshet-Alkalai, Y., & Geri, N. (2019). Tracing research trends of 21st-century learning skills. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(6), 3099-3118. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12753
  • SJR. (2021). Scimago journal & country rank. Retrieved from https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php?category=3304&wos=true&type=j&page=1&total_size=848
  • Small, H. (1999). Visualizing science by citation mapping. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 50(9), 799–813. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(1999)50:9%3C799::aid-asi9%3E3.0.co;2-g
  • Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. Wiley/Jossey-Bass.
  • UNESCO & The Brookings Institution. (2020). Capturing 21st century skills. UNESCO
  • Unger, R. M. (2019). The knowledge economy. Verso Books.
  • Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2017). Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer. Scientometrics, 111(2), 1053-1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7
  • Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2019). VOSviewer manual. Univeristeit Leiden. Retrieved from https://www.vosviewer.com/documentation/Manual_VOSviewer_1.6.10.pdf
  • Van Laar E., Van Deursen A.J.A.M., Van Dijk J.A.G.M. & Jos de Haan (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 577-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.010
  • Van Laar E., Van Deursen A.J.A.M., Van Dijk J.A.G.M. & Jos de Haan (2020). Determinants of 21st-century skills and 21st-century digital skills for workers: A systematic literature review. SAGE Open, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900176
  • Voogt, J., & Roblin, N. P. (2012). A comparative analysis of international frameworks for 21st century competences: Implications for national curriculum policies. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 44, 299-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2012.668938
  • Wagner, T. (2008). Rigor redefined. Educational Leadership, 66(2), 20-25.
  • WestEd. (2018). Technology and engineering literacy framework. U.S. Department of Education
  • White, H. D., & McCain, K. W. (1998). Visualizing a discipline: An author co-citation analysis of information science, 1972-1995. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49, 327-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4%3C327::aid-asi4%3E3.0.co;2-w
  • World Economic Forum (2015). New vision for education: Unlocking the potential of technology. World Economic Forum Press
  • Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Polat 0000-0002-6905-0087

Bahadır Erişti 0000-0002-4092-3964

Early Pub Date July 31, 2022
Publication Date July 31, 2022
Submission Date January 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Polat, M., & Erişti, B. (2022). Science Mapping the International Knowledge Base on the 21st Century Skills. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 15(3), 504-525. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1054567