Investigation of Factors Affecting the Online Purchase Intention by the Integration of The Planned Behavior Theory and The Technology Acceptance Model
Year 2019,
Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 1246 - 1260, 30.12.2019
Perihan Şıker
,
Hülya Tuğçe Ülger
Abstract
With the emergence of changes and innovations that show continuous
improvement in e-commerce, consumers ' perspectives are changing from day to
day. The main purpose of this study is to determine the factors effecting the
purchasing behavior of the consumers who are shopping online and to investigate
whether the participants look at these factors differently on a gender basis.
For this purpose, the questionnaire was prepared by taking into consideration
the technology acceptance model and planned behavior theory widely used by
researchers in the literature in general and applied to academic and
administrative personnel at Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University. According to the
results of the research, there were statistically significant differences in
the satisfaction, subjective norm and perceived confidence factors perceived
among sexes in consumers ' online buying behavior. In addition, it has been
determined that the most important factor in terms of behavioral intentions is
perceived usefulness.
References
- Acılar, A. (2016). E-Commerce in Turkey, Global Business Research Congress (GBRC - 2016), (2): 281-288.
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, (50): 179-211.
- Akçi, Y. ve Göv, S. (2015). Tüketicilerin E-ticaret Algılarının İncelenmesi (Gaziantep ve Adıyaman Örneği), Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
7(13): 413-433.
- Al-Somali, S. A., Gholami, R., ve Clegg, B. (2009). An investigation into the acceptance of online banking in Saudi Arabia, Technovation, 29: 130-141.
- Aydın, S. ve Ezel D. (2015). E-Ticarette Güven Unsurunun Müşterilerin Satın Alma Davranışlarına Olan Etkisi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma,
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(21): 127-150.
- Bae, S. ve Lee T. (2011). Gender Differences in Computer’s Perception of Online Consumer Views, Electronic Commerce Research, 11: 201-214.
- Campbell, C. (1997). Shopping, Pleasure and Sex War, The Shopping Experience, London: Sage.
- Chen, C.C. (2013), The exploration on network behaviors by using the models of Theory of planned behaviors (TPB), Technology acceptance model (TAM) and C-TAM-TPB,
African Journal of Business Management, 7(30): 2976-2984.
- Chen, L., Gıllenson, M.L. ve Sherrell, D.L. (2002). Enticing Online Consumers: An Extended Technology Acceptance Perspective, Information & Management, 39(8): 705-719.
- Davis, F.D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Easy of Use and User Acceptance of İnformation Technology, MIS Quarterly, 13(3): 319-340.
- Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., ve Warshaw, P.R. (1992). Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Use Computers In The Workplace, Journal Of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14):
1111-1132.
- Demirel, H. (2010). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Elektronik Alışveriş Hakkındaki Görüşleri, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3): 119-134.
- Elvalda, A., Lü, K. ve Ali, M. (2016), Perceived Derived Attributes of Online Customer Reviews, Computers in Human Behavior, 56: 306-319.
- E-Ticaret Raporu (2017). http://www.eticaretraporu.org/wp-content/uploads/ 2017/04/TUSIAD_E-Ticaret_Raporu_2017.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018).
- Fischer, E. ve Arnold, S.J. (1990). More Than a Labor of Love: Gender Roles and Christmas Gift Shopping, Journal of Consumer Research, 17(3): 333-345.
- Fortes, N. ve Rita, P. (2016), Privacy Concerns and Online Purchasing Behaviour: Towards an Integrated Model, European Research on Management and Business, (22):
167-176.
- Garbarino, E. ve Strahilevitz, M. (2004). Gender Differences in the Perceived Risk of Buying Online and the Effects of Receiving a Site Recommendation, Journal of Business
Research, (57): 768-775.
- Ghazizadeh, M., Lee, J., ve Boyle, L. (2012). Extending The Technology Acceptance Model To Assess Automation, Cognition, Technology & Work, 14(1): 39-49.
- Goswami, A. ve Dutta, S. (2016). Gender Differences in Technology Usage-A Literature Review, Open Journal of Business and Management, (4): 51-59.
- Ha, N.T., Nguyen, T.L.H., Nguyen, T. P.L. ve Nguyen T.D. (2019), The effect of trust on consumers’ online purchase intention: An integration of TAM and TPB, Management
Science Letters, (9): 1451-1460.
- Jones, S., Johnson-Yale, C., Millermaier, S. ve Pérez, F.S. (2009). US College Students’ Internet Use: Race, Gender and Digital Divides, Journal of Computer- Mediated
Communication, (14): 244-264.
- Joo, J. ve Sang, Y. (2013). Exploring Koreans’ Smartphone Usage: An Integrated Model of The Technology Acceptance Model and Uses and Gratifications Theory, Computers
in Human Behavior, (29): 2512-2518.
- Kim, D., Ferrin, J., Donald L. ve Rao, H.Raghav (2008). A Trust-Based Consumer Decision-Making Model in Electronic Commerce: The Role of Trust, Perceived Risk and
Their Antecedenta, Decision Support Systems, 44(2): 544-564.
- Kim M.J., Chung, N. ve Lee, C.K. (2010). The effect of perceived trust on electronic commerce: Shopping online for tourism products and services in South Korea, Tourism
Management, 32 (2): 256-265.
- Lee, D., Park, J. ve Ahn, J. (2001). On the Explanation of Factors Affecting E-Commerce Adoption, Twenty-Second International Conference on Information Systems, 109-120.
- Lee, M.C. (2009), Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit, Electronic Commerce
Research and Applications.
- Legrıs, P., Ingham, J. ve Collerette, P. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model, Information Management,
40(3): 191-204.
- Li, Y., Qi, J. ve Shu, H. (2008). Review of relationships among variables in TAM, Tsinghua Science & Technology, 13(3): 273-278.
- Lu, C.T., Huang, S.Y. ve Lo, P. Y. (2010). An empirical study of on-line tax filing acceptance model: Integrating TAM and TPB, African Journal of Business Management, 4(5):
800-810.
- Madden, T.J., Pamela S.E. ve Ajzen I. (1992). A comparison of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Theory of Reasoned Action, Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 18(1): 3–9.
- Mathieson, K. (1991). Predicting user intentions: Comparing the Technology Acceptance Model with the Theory of Planned Behavior, Information Systems Research, 2(3):
173–191.
- Mokhlis, S. ve Salleh, H.S. (2009). Consumer Decision- Making Styles in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study of Gender Differences, European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(4):
574-584.
- Özgüven, N. (2011). Tüketicilerin Online Alışverişe Karşı Tutumları ile Demografik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi, Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve
Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13(21): 47-54.
- Pavlou, P.A., ve David W. S. (2000). Measuring the effects and effectiveness of interactive advertising: A research agenda, Journal of Interactive Advertising, 1(1): 61-77.
- Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H. ve Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer Acceptance of Online Banking: An Extension of The Technology Acceptance Model, Internet
Research, 14(3): 224-235.
- Ramayah, T. ve Ignatius, J. (2005). Impact of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Enjoyment on the Intention to Shop Online, Journal of Systems
Management (IJSM), 3(3): 36-51.
- Serhateri, A. (2015). Elektronik Ticarette Güvenliğin Tüketicilerin İnternet Üzerinden Alışveriş Yapma Tutumlarına Etkisi: Kocaeli Örneği, Karadeniz Dergisi, (27): 227-249.
- Shih, Ya-Yueh ve Kwoting Fang (2004), The use of a decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior to study internet banking in Taiwan, Internet Research, 14(3): 213–223.
- Shirley, T. ve Todd, P. (1995). Decomposition and crossover effects in the Theory of Planned Behavior: A study of consumer adoption intentions, International Journal of
Research in Marketing, 12(2): 137-155.
- Şahin, F. ve Alkaya, A. (2017). Tüketicilerin Çevrimiçi Şikayet Kanallarını Kullanımına Yönelik Davranışlarının: Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ve Planlı Davranış Teorisi Bütünleşik
Modeli Bakış Açısı ile İncelenmesi, PESA Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(4): 87-103.
- Thompson, T., Vivien, S.H., Lim, K.G ve Raye Y.C Lai (1999). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage, Omega, 27(1): 25-37.
- TUİK (2017), http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbPrint.do?id=24862 (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018)
- Türker, A. ve Türker Özaltın, G. (2013). Turistik Ürün Satın Alma Davranışının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ile İncelenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi,
15(2): 281-312.
- Ustasüleyman, T., ve Eyüboğlu, K. (2010). Bireylerin Internet Bankacılığını Benimsemesini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Belirlenmesi, BDDK Bankacılık ve
Finansal Piyasalar, 4(2):11-38.
- Uzel, E. ve Aydoğdu, F.C. (2010). Çalışanların Elektronik Alışverişe Bakış Açıları Hakkında Kalitatif Çalışma, Organizasyonlar ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 19-25.
- Venkatesh, V. ve Morris, M.G. (2000). Why don’t men ever stop to ask for directions? gender, social influences, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior,
MIS Quarterly, 24(1): 115–139.
- Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003). User Acceptance Of İnformation Technology: Toward A Unified View, MIS Quarterly, 27(3): 425-478.
- Wang, Y.S., Wu, M.C. ve Wang, H.Y. (2009). Investigating the Determinants and Age And Gender Differences in the Acceptance of Mobile Learning, British Journal of
Educational Technology, 40(1): 92-118
- Yang, Kenneth C.C. (2005). Exploring factors affecting the adoption of mobile commerce in Singapore, Telematics and Informatics, 22(3): 257-277.
- Yayar, R. ve Sadaklıoğlu, H. (2012). Kamu Çalışanlarının İnternetten Ürün Satın Alma Davranışları Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Business and Economics Research Journal, 3(3):
145-157.
- Yılmaz, C. ve Tümtürk, A. (2015). İnternet Üzerinden Alışveriş Niyetinin Etkileyen Faktörlerin Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Kullanarak İncelenmesi ve Bir Model Önerisi,
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İİBF Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 22(2): 355-384.
- Yılmaz, V., Çelik, H.E. ve Pazarlıoğlu, M.V. (2010). E-Ticarete İlişkin Tüketicilerin Risk Algısının Tutum ve Niyetler Üzerine Etkisi: Ordinal Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli, Aksaray
Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2(2): 49-63.
Online Alışveriş Niyetini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Planlı Davranışlar Teorisi ve Teknoloji Kabul Modelinin Entegrasyonu ile İncelenmesi
Year 2019,
Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 1246 - 1260, 30.12.2019
Perihan Şıker
,
Hülya Tuğçe Ülger
Abstract
E-ticarette sürekli gelişim gösteren değişim ve yeniliklerin meydana
gelmesiyle tüketicilerin bakış açıları günden güne değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
temel amacı; İnternet üzerinden alışveriş yapan tüketicilerin, satın alma
tutumları üzerinde etkili olan faktörleri tespit edip, katılımcıların bu
faktörlere cinsiyet bazında farklı bakıp bakmadıklarına yönelik davranışlarını
araştırmaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda araştırmada, genel olarak literatürde
araştırmacılar tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ve
Planlı Davranışlar Teorisi dikkate alınarak hazırlanan anket formu Niğde Ömer
Halisdemir Üniversitesi’nde akademik ve idari personele uygulanmıştır.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre tüketicilerin İnternetten satın alma davranışlarında
cinsiyetler arasında algılanan haz, öznel norm ve algılanan güven faktörlerinde
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca
davranışsal niyet açısından en önemli faktörün algılanan kullanışlılık olduğu
belirlenmiştir.
References
- Acılar, A. (2016). E-Commerce in Turkey, Global Business Research Congress (GBRC - 2016), (2): 281-288.
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, (50): 179-211.
- Akçi, Y. ve Göv, S. (2015). Tüketicilerin E-ticaret Algılarının İncelenmesi (Gaziantep ve Adıyaman Örneği), Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
7(13): 413-433.
- Al-Somali, S. A., Gholami, R., ve Clegg, B. (2009). An investigation into the acceptance of online banking in Saudi Arabia, Technovation, 29: 130-141.
- Aydın, S. ve Ezel D. (2015). E-Ticarette Güven Unsurunun Müşterilerin Satın Alma Davranışlarına Olan Etkisi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma,
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(21): 127-150.
- Bae, S. ve Lee T. (2011). Gender Differences in Computer’s Perception of Online Consumer Views, Electronic Commerce Research, 11: 201-214.
- Campbell, C. (1997). Shopping, Pleasure and Sex War, The Shopping Experience, London: Sage.
- Chen, C.C. (2013), The exploration on network behaviors by using the models of Theory of planned behaviors (TPB), Technology acceptance model (TAM) and C-TAM-TPB,
African Journal of Business Management, 7(30): 2976-2984.
- Chen, L., Gıllenson, M.L. ve Sherrell, D.L. (2002). Enticing Online Consumers: An Extended Technology Acceptance Perspective, Information & Management, 39(8): 705-719.
- Davis, F.D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Easy of Use and User Acceptance of İnformation Technology, MIS Quarterly, 13(3): 319-340.
- Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., ve Warshaw, P.R. (1992). Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Use Computers In The Workplace, Journal Of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14):
1111-1132.
- Demirel, H. (2010). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Elektronik Alışveriş Hakkındaki Görüşleri, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3): 119-134.
- Elvalda, A., Lü, K. ve Ali, M. (2016), Perceived Derived Attributes of Online Customer Reviews, Computers in Human Behavior, 56: 306-319.
- E-Ticaret Raporu (2017). http://www.eticaretraporu.org/wp-content/uploads/ 2017/04/TUSIAD_E-Ticaret_Raporu_2017.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018).
- Fischer, E. ve Arnold, S.J. (1990). More Than a Labor of Love: Gender Roles and Christmas Gift Shopping, Journal of Consumer Research, 17(3): 333-345.
- Fortes, N. ve Rita, P. (2016), Privacy Concerns and Online Purchasing Behaviour: Towards an Integrated Model, European Research on Management and Business, (22):
167-176.
- Garbarino, E. ve Strahilevitz, M. (2004). Gender Differences in the Perceived Risk of Buying Online and the Effects of Receiving a Site Recommendation, Journal of Business
Research, (57): 768-775.
- Ghazizadeh, M., Lee, J., ve Boyle, L. (2012). Extending The Technology Acceptance Model To Assess Automation, Cognition, Technology & Work, 14(1): 39-49.
- Goswami, A. ve Dutta, S. (2016). Gender Differences in Technology Usage-A Literature Review, Open Journal of Business and Management, (4): 51-59.
- Ha, N.T., Nguyen, T.L.H., Nguyen, T. P.L. ve Nguyen T.D. (2019), The effect of trust on consumers’ online purchase intention: An integration of TAM and TPB, Management
Science Letters, (9): 1451-1460.
- Jones, S., Johnson-Yale, C., Millermaier, S. ve Pérez, F.S. (2009). US College Students’ Internet Use: Race, Gender and Digital Divides, Journal of Computer- Mediated
Communication, (14): 244-264.
- Joo, J. ve Sang, Y. (2013). Exploring Koreans’ Smartphone Usage: An Integrated Model of The Technology Acceptance Model and Uses and Gratifications Theory, Computers
in Human Behavior, (29): 2512-2518.
- Kim, D., Ferrin, J., Donald L. ve Rao, H.Raghav (2008). A Trust-Based Consumer Decision-Making Model in Electronic Commerce: The Role of Trust, Perceived Risk and
Their Antecedenta, Decision Support Systems, 44(2): 544-564.
- Kim M.J., Chung, N. ve Lee, C.K. (2010). The effect of perceived trust on electronic commerce: Shopping online for tourism products and services in South Korea, Tourism
Management, 32 (2): 256-265.
- Lee, D., Park, J. ve Ahn, J. (2001). On the Explanation of Factors Affecting E-Commerce Adoption, Twenty-Second International Conference on Information Systems, 109-120.
- Lee, M.C. (2009), Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit, Electronic Commerce
Research and Applications.
- Legrıs, P., Ingham, J. ve Collerette, P. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model, Information Management,
40(3): 191-204.
- Li, Y., Qi, J. ve Shu, H. (2008). Review of relationships among variables in TAM, Tsinghua Science & Technology, 13(3): 273-278.
- Lu, C.T., Huang, S.Y. ve Lo, P. Y. (2010). An empirical study of on-line tax filing acceptance model: Integrating TAM and TPB, African Journal of Business Management, 4(5):
800-810.
- Madden, T.J., Pamela S.E. ve Ajzen I. (1992). A comparison of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Theory of Reasoned Action, Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 18(1): 3–9.
- Mathieson, K. (1991). Predicting user intentions: Comparing the Technology Acceptance Model with the Theory of Planned Behavior, Information Systems Research, 2(3):
173–191.
- Mokhlis, S. ve Salleh, H.S. (2009). Consumer Decision- Making Styles in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study of Gender Differences, European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(4):
574-584.
- Özgüven, N. (2011). Tüketicilerin Online Alışverişe Karşı Tutumları ile Demografik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi, Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve
Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13(21): 47-54.
- Pavlou, P.A., ve David W. S. (2000). Measuring the effects and effectiveness of interactive advertising: A research agenda, Journal of Interactive Advertising, 1(1): 61-77.
- Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H. ve Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer Acceptance of Online Banking: An Extension of The Technology Acceptance Model, Internet
Research, 14(3): 224-235.
- Ramayah, T. ve Ignatius, J. (2005). Impact of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Enjoyment on the Intention to Shop Online, Journal of Systems
Management (IJSM), 3(3): 36-51.
- Serhateri, A. (2015). Elektronik Ticarette Güvenliğin Tüketicilerin İnternet Üzerinden Alışveriş Yapma Tutumlarına Etkisi: Kocaeli Örneği, Karadeniz Dergisi, (27): 227-249.
- Shih, Ya-Yueh ve Kwoting Fang (2004), The use of a decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior to study internet banking in Taiwan, Internet Research, 14(3): 213–223.
- Shirley, T. ve Todd, P. (1995). Decomposition and crossover effects in the Theory of Planned Behavior: A study of consumer adoption intentions, International Journal of
Research in Marketing, 12(2): 137-155.
- Şahin, F. ve Alkaya, A. (2017). Tüketicilerin Çevrimiçi Şikayet Kanallarını Kullanımına Yönelik Davranışlarının: Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ve Planlı Davranış Teorisi Bütünleşik
Modeli Bakış Açısı ile İncelenmesi, PESA Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(4): 87-103.
- Thompson, T., Vivien, S.H., Lim, K.G ve Raye Y.C Lai (1999). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage, Omega, 27(1): 25-37.
- TUİK (2017), http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbPrint.do?id=24862 (Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018)
- Türker, A. ve Türker Özaltın, G. (2013). Turistik Ürün Satın Alma Davranışının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ile İncelenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi,
15(2): 281-312.
- Ustasüleyman, T., ve Eyüboğlu, K. (2010). Bireylerin Internet Bankacılığını Benimsemesini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Belirlenmesi, BDDK Bankacılık ve
Finansal Piyasalar, 4(2):11-38.
- Uzel, E. ve Aydoğdu, F.C. (2010). Çalışanların Elektronik Alışverişe Bakış Açıları Hakkında Kalitatif Çalışma, Organizasyonlar ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 19-25.
- Venkatesh, V. ve Morris, M.G. (2000). Why don’t men ever stop to ask for directions? gender, social influences, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior,
MIS Quarterly, 24(1): 115–139.
- Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003). User Acceptance Of İnformation Technology: Toward A Unified View, MIS Quarterly, 27(3): 425-478.
- Wang, Y.S., Wu, M.C. ve Wang, H.Y. (2009). Investigating the Determinants and Age And Gender Differences in the Acceptance of Mobile Learning, British Journal of
Educational Technology, 40(1): 92-118
- Yang, Kenneth C.C. (2005). Exploring factors affecting the adoption of mobile commerce in Singapore, Telematics and Informatics, 22(3): 257-277.
- Yayar, R. ve Sadaklıoğlu, H. (2012). Kamu Çalışanlarının İnternetten Ürün Satın Alma Davranışları Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Business and Economics Research Journal, 3(3):
145-157.
- Yılmaz, C. ve Tümtürk, A. (2015). İnternet Üzerinden Alışveriş Niyetinin Etkileyen Faktörlerin Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Kullanarak İncelenmesi ve Bir Model Önerisi,
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İİBF Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 22(2): 355-384.
- Yılmaz, V., Çelik, H.E. ve Pazarlıoğlu, M.V. (2010). E-Ticarete İlişkin Tüketicilerin Risk Algısının Tutum ve Niyetler Üzerine Etkisi: Ordinal Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli, Aksaray
Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2(2): 49-63.