The Effect of Intense Construction and Population Pressure on Flora Changes in Gölköy Campus of Abant Izzet Baysal University in the Last Two Decades

Year 2016, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 14 - 32, 21.12.2016

Süleyman Doğan İsmail Eker Nusret Zencirci , Tülay Turgut Genç

Abstract

Food security requires plant genetic resources (PGR),
which is seriously risked by climatic changes, urbanization, and population growth.
Therefore, collection, conservation, utilization, and improvement of PGR in
diverse regions have higher priority. Turkey, situated among gene centers and
historical migration routes, enjoys an environmental and genetic diversity.
Gölköy Campus of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, which is a junction
between Euro-Siberian and Irano-Turanian phytogeographic regions, has been
intensively investigated in different historical periods. In this study, the
changes for species diversity on the flora in the last two decades have been
measured and compared. Twenty years apart, 332 plant species in 46 families decreased
to 153 plant species in 45 families, which was a serious decrease of 66.77% in
total plant species.  Construction and human population seriously
narrowed genetic diversity even in diverse regions.

Keywords

Bolu, Species, Plant Genetic Resources, Urbanization, Population pressure

Yoğun İnşaat ve Nüfus Baskısının Son Yirmi Yılda Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Bolu-Gölköy Yerleşkesinde Flora Değişimine Etkisi

Abstract

   İklim
değişiklikleri, kentleşme ve nüfus artışının ciddi tehdidi altında olan bitki
genetik kaynaklarına (BGK) gıda güvenliği için gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu nedenle;
BGK’nın genetik çeşitlilikce zengin bölgelerden toplanması, korunması,
kullanılması ve iyileştirilmesine öncelik verilmektedir. Gen merkezleri
arasında ve tarihsel göç yolları üzerinde yer alan Türkiye de bu çevresel ve
genetic çeşitlilikten bolca yararlanmaktadır. Avrupa – Sibirya ve İran–Turan
fito-coğrafi bölgeleri arasında yer alan Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Bolu -
Gölköy Yerleşke’sinde bugüne kadar birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile
ise, son yirmi yılda kampüste bulunan bitki türlerinin ve endemic bitkilerin
genetik çeşitliliği belirlenmiştir. Yırmı yıllık bir sürede 46 familyada 332
olan tür sayısı 45 familyada 153’e düşmüştür. Bu azalma; toplam tür sayısında %
66,77 olmuştur. Artan inşaat faaliyetleri ve yogunlaşan insan nüfusu bu genetic
çeşitliliği yüksek alanda bile ciddi bir genetik çeşitlilik daralmasına yol
açmıştır.

Keywords

Bolu, Bitki Genetik Kaynakları, Türler, Kentleşme, Nüfus baskısı

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