Narda Çiçek Tomurcuğu Alım Dönemi, Karanlık Rejimi ve Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerinin Anter Kültürü Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 103 - 113, 20.12.2019

Müge Şahin Selay Doğan

https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.660263

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Nar (Punica granatum L.), Türkiye’de yetiştiriciliği ve ihracatı ile ön plana çıkan bir meyve türüdür. Anter kültürü tekniği ile ıslah çalışmalarının desteklenmesi, özellikle meyve türlerinde zor olan haploidizasyonun sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Narda in vitro androgenesis yöntemi ile haploid bitki elde edilmesi konusunda yayına rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, İzmir 1513 nar çeşidinde farklı tomurcuk alım dönemleri, karanlık rejimleri ve bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin anter kültürüne olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal olarak 1. dönem (25 Mayıs-tam çiçeklenme) ve 2. dönemdeki (10 Haziran-çiçeklenme sonu) A tipi çiçek tomurcukları kullanılmıştır. Kültüre alınan anterlere 4 ve 6 hafta karanlık rejimi uygulanmıştır. Kültür ortamı olarak MS besi ortamına eklenen BAP, 2,4-D ve NAA’nın farklı konsantrasyon ve kombinasyonlarından oluşan 5 farklı ortam denenmiştir. Denemelerin sonucunda uygulamaların hem ana etkisi hem de interaksiyonu istatistiksel açıdan önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek kallus gelişimi (% 23,33), 2. dönemde alınan çiçek tomurcuklarından elde edilen anterlerin, 4,0 mg/l NAA + 0,4 mg/l BAP ortamında kültüre alınması ve 6 hafta süreyle karanlık uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Aynı uygulamada sürgün oluşumu da gerçekleşmiştir. Diğer taraftan, oksin içeren ortamlarda kök oluşumları gözlemlenmiştir. Pembe, yeşil, sarı ve beyaz renklerde kalluslar oluşmuştur. Pembe ve yeşil renkli kalluslar kompakt ve sert, sarı ve beyaz renkli kalluslar ise kırılgan ve yumuşak yapılı olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kallus renkleri, bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri konsantrasyonları ve kombinasyonları uygulamalara göre farklılık göstermemiş, oluşan kallusların tamamında farklı embriyojenik dönemler gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Nar, Punica granatum L., anter kültürü, haploidi, karanlık rejimi, tomurcuk alım dönemi, bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri

Effects of Taken Time of Flower Buds, Dark Regime and Plant Growth Regulators on Anther Culture of Pomegranate

Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit species
that comes to the forefront with its high amount of cultivation and exportation
in Turkey.
Supporting the breeding studies with anther culture technique, which is one of
the biotechnological methods, is important especially in terms of ensuring the
haploidization that is difficult in fruit species. According to the literature
research, there has been no publication of haploid plant production on
pomegranate by using in vitro
androgenesis method in the world. The aim of this study is to determine the
effects of taken time of flowers buds, dark regime and plant growth regulators
on anther culture of Izmir
1513 pomegranate variety. In this context, type A flower buds in 1^st
period (25 May-full flowering) and 2^nd period (10 June-end of
flowering) were used. Four and 6 weeks dark regime was implemented on
cultivated anthers. MS medium were used with 5 different concentrations and
combinations of BAP, 2,4-D and NAA. At the end of the experiments, both the
main effect and the interaction of the applications were statistically
significant. The highest callus growth (23.33%) was obtained on 4.0 mg/l NAA +
0.4 mg/l BAP culture medium with the taken time of flower buds on 2^nd
period and dark application for 6 weeks. In this application, which has the
highest callus development, shoot formation has also occurred. Root formations
were observed in all auxin-containing mediums. Calluses were colored in 4
different colors; pink, green, yellow and white. However, the pink and green
calluses are compact and rigid, while the yellow and white colored calluses are
fragile and soft structure. The callus colors did not differ according to the
plant growth regulator concentrations and applications, in addition different
embryogenic periods were observed in all calluses.

Keywords

Pomegranate, Punica granatum L., anther culture, haploidy, dark regime, taken time of flowers buds, plant growth regulators

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