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THE CHANGE OF WOMEN’S LABOUR ON THE EARLY PERIOD OF COVID 19 PANDEMIC

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 128 - 142, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1093806

Abstract

The Covid 19 pandemic has brought about the change of many experiences of daily life all over the world. The health rules that are expected to be followed, increasing measures and restrictions have caused people to spend more time in the private area and this situation has caused a change in the order of the household.The pandemic has also affected th employment conditions in economies, and the gender inequality within the sectors have deepened in this period. In this context, the purpose of this article is to reveal how the pandemic affects women's labor in the economic and private sphere. While doing this, prominent items in Turkey have been revealed by taking into account the reports and research data published in the first period of the pandemic. In order to eliminate the negative impact of the pandemic, it was evaluated how gender equality can be achieved in the public and private sectors, especially policies that reconcile work and family life.

References

  • Akbaş, Ö. Z., & Dursun, C. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi sürecinde özel alanına kamusal alanı sığdıran çalışan anneler. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD), 7(5), 78-94.
  • Alon, T. M., Doepke, M., Ramsey, J. O., & Tertilit, M. (2020). The impact of covid 19 on gender equality. (NBER Working Paper Series No.26947). Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research
  • Aygüneş, A., & Ok, O. C. (2020). Covid 19 pandemisi sürecinde toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmaları izleme raporu. İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Kadın Çalışmaları Mükemmeliyet Merkezi (SU GENDER).
  • Azcona, G., Bhatt, A., Encarnacion J., Castano J.P., Seck, P., Staab, S, & Turquet L. (2020). From insight to action gender equality in the wake of covid 19. ABD: UN Women.
  • Bayar, A.A., Günçavdı, Ö., & Levent, H. (2020). Covid 19 salgının kadınların çalışma ve hane yaşamı üzerine etkileri. İstanbul: İstanbul Politik Araştırmala Enstitüsü (İstanpol).
  • Boca, D. D., Oggero, N., Profeta, & P., Rossi, M.C. (2020). Women’s work, housework and childcare, before and during covid-19 . (IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 13409). Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Burki, T. (2020). The indirect effect of covid-19 on women, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(8), 904-905.
  • Chakraborty, S. (2020). COVID-19 and women informal sector workers in India. Economic & Political Weekly, 55(35), 17-21
  • Collins, C., Landivar, L. C., Ruppanner, L., & Scarbaraough, W.J. (2020). Covid 19 and the gender gap in work hours. Gender Work Organ, 1-12.
  • Fine, B. (2002). Women’s employment and the capitalist family towards a political economy of gender and labor markets. Londra, New York: Routledge.
  • Gregory, R.F. (2003). Women and workplace discrimination overcoming barriers to gender equality. New Bruswick, New Jersey, Londra: Rutgers University Press.
  • Helmbold, L.R., & Schofield, A. (2006). Women’s labor history, 1790-1945. Reviews in American History, 17(4), 1989, 501-518
  • ILO (Policy Brief) (2020). The covid-19 response: Getting gender equality right for a better future for women at work. Geneva: International Labour Organization.
  • Işık, E. (2020). Covid (19) salgını ve kadın emeği: Türkiye’den kadın deneyimleri. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 4(2), 219-241.
  • Kalaylıoğlu, Y., Öztürk, A.M., & Eker, G. B. (2020). The economic and social impact of COVID-19 on women and men: rapid gender assessment of covid-19 implications in Turkey: UN Women.
  • Landivar, L.C., Ruppanner L., Scarborough, W.J. ve Collins, C. (2020). Early signs indicate that Covid-19 is exacerbating gender inequality in the labor force. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 6(2020), 1-3.
  • Memiş, E. (2020). Covid- 19 salgının kadın çalışanlar açsından etkileri. İstanbul: TÜSİAD.
  • Memiş, E., & İlkkaracan İ. (2020). Covid-19 küresel salgın sürecinde Türkiye’de bakım ekonomisi ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler. Ankara: UNDP.
  • OECD. (2020). Women at the core of the fight against covid 19 crisis, tackling coronavirus (covid 19) contributing to a global effort: OECD.
  • Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16(1), 67-73.
  • Richards, E. (1974). Women in British economy since about 1700: An interpretation. History, 59(197), 337-357.
  • Qian, Y., & Fuller, S. (2020). COVID-19 and the gender employment gap among parents of young children. Canadian Public Policy, 46(2), S89-S101.
  • Richardson, D., & Denniss, R. (2020). Gender experience during the covid 19 lockdown: women lose from covid 19, men to gain from stimulus. Avusturalya: The Australia Institute.
  • Rivera, C., Hsu Y., Esbry, F.P., & Dugarova, E. (2020). Gender inequality and the COVID-19 crisis: A human development perspective. (Human Development Working Paper): UNDP.
  • Rosa Kadın Derneği. Rosa Kadın Derneği'nin temizlik işinde çalışan ev içi emekçileriyle ilgili pandemi raporu. http://www.rosakadindernegi.com/upload/resim/rosa_rapor_1.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Sabancı Vakfı. (2020). The impact of the covid- 19 pandemic on gender equality: problems and solutions meeting final report: Sabancı Vakfı
  • CCSA (The Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities). (2020). How Covid- 19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective: CCSA
  • UNDP. (2020). Covid 19 küresel salgını sürecinde Türkiye’de bakım ekonomisi ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler: UNDP.
  • UNICEF, ILO, & UN Women. (2020). Family-friendly policies and other Good workplace practices in the context of covid 19: key steps employers can take: UNICEF, ILO & UN Women.
  • World Economic Forum. (Mart 2021). Global gender report, 2021. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • Yasin, Y. (2020). Kırılgan gruplar ve covid 19; kadınlar. Türk Tabipler Birliği Covid 19 Pandemisi Altıncı Ay Değerlendirme Raporu içinde (s. 432-436).
  • Zamarro, G., Arce, P.F., & Prados, M.J. (2020). Understanding coronavirus in America: Gender differences in the impact of Covid-19. https://uasdata.usc.edu/index.php?r=eNpLtDKyqi62MrFSKkhMT1WyLrYyNAeyS5NyMpP1UhJLEvUSU1Ly80ASQDWJKZkpIKaxlZKRpZmSdS1cMG0hEuYEr adresinden erişilmiştir.

COVİD 19 PANDEMİSİNİN İLK DÖNEMİNDE KADIN EMEĞİNDEKİ DEĞİŞİM

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 128 - 142, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1093806

Abstract

Covid 19 pandemisi tüm dünyada gündelik yaşama dair pek çok deneyimin değişmesini beraberinde getirmiştir. Uyulması beklenen sağlık kuralları, artan önlemler ve kısıtlamalar kişilerin özel alanda daha çok zaman geçirmesine yol açmış ve hane içi düzende değişim yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Pandemi süreci aynı zamanda ekonomik yapı içerisindeki istihdam koşullarına da yansımış ve pandemiden etkilenen sektörler içerisindeki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği süreçle birlikte daha da derinleşmiştir. Bu çerçevede bu makalenin amacı pandemi sürecinin kadın emeğini ekonomik alan ve özel alanda nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bunu yaparken pandeminin ilk döneminde yayımlanan raporlar ve araştırmalardaki veriler dikkate alınarak Türkiye’deki durum hakkında öne çıkan öğelere yer verilmiştir. Pandeminin olumsuz etkisinin giderilmesi için ise iş ve aile yaşamını uzlaştıran politikalar başta olmak üzere cinsiyet eşitliğinin kamu ve özel sektör nezdinde nasıl sağlanabileceği değerlendirilmiştir.

References

  • Akbaş, Ö. Z., & Dursun, C. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi sürecinde özel alanına kamusal alanı sığdıran çalışan anneler. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD), 7(5), 78-94.
  • Alon, T. M., Doepke, M., Ramsey, J. O., & Tertilit, M. (2020). The impact of covid 19 on gender equality. (NBER Working Paper Series No.26947). Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research
  • Aygüneş, A., & Ok, O. C. (2020). Covid 19 pandemisi sürecinde toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmaları izleme raporu. İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Kadın Çalışmaları Mükemmeliyet Merkezi (SU GENDER).
  • Azcona, G., Bhatt, A., Encarnacion J., Castano J.P., Seck, P., Staab, S, & Turquet L. (2020). From insight to action gender equality in the wake of covid 19. ABD: UN Women.
  • Bayar, A.A., Günçavdı, Ö., & Levent, H. (2020). Covid 19 salgının kadınların çalışma ve hane yaşamı üzerine etkileri. İstanbul: İstanbul Politik Araştırmala Enstitüsü (İstanpol).
  • Boca, D. D., Oggero, N., Profeta, & P., Rossi, M.C. (2020). Women’s work, housework and childcare, before and during covid-19 . (IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 13409). Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Burki, T. (2020). The indirect effect of covid-19 on women, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(8), 904-905.
  • Chakraborty, S. (2020). COVID-19 and women informal sector workers in India. Economic & Political Weekly, 55(35), 17-21
  • Collins, C., Landivar, L. C., Ruppanner, L., & Scarbaraough, W.J. (2020). Covid 19 and the gender gap in work hours. Gender Work Organ, 1-12.
  • Fine, B. (2002). Women’s employment and the capitalist family towards a political economy of gender and labor markets. Londra, New York: Routledge.
  • Gregory, R.F. (2003). Women and workplace discrimination overcoming barriers to gender equality. New Bruswick, New Jersey, Londra: Rutgers University Press.
  • Helmbold, L.R., & Schofield, A. (2006). Women’s labor history, 1790-1945. Reviews in American History, 17(4), 1989, 501-518
  • ILO (Policy Brief) (2020). The covid-19 response: Getting gender equality right for a better future for women at work. Geneva: International Labour Organization.
  • Işık, E. (2020). Covid (19) salgını ve kadın emeği: Türkiye’den kadın deneyimleri. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 4(2), 219-241.
  • Kalaylıoğlu, Y., Öztürk, A.M., & Eker, G. B. (2020). The economic and social impact of COVID-19 on women and men: rapid gender assessment of covid-19 implications in Turkey: UN Women.
  • Landivar, L.C., Ruppanner L., Scarborough, W.J. ve Collins, C. (2020). Early signs indicate that Covid-19 is exacerbating gender inequality in the labor force. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 6(2020), 1-3.
  • Memiş, E. (2020). Covid- 19 salgının kadın çalışanlar açsından etkileri. İstanbul: TÜSİAD.
  • Memiş, E., & İlkkaracan İ. (2020). Covid-19 küresel salgın sürecinde Türkiye’de bakım ekonomisi ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler. Ankara: UNDP.
  • OECD. (2020). Women at the core of the fight against covid 19 crisis, tackling coronavirus (covid 19) contributing to a global effort: OECD.
  • Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16(1), 67-73.
  • Richards, E. (1974). Women in British economy since about 1700: An interpretation. History, 59(197), 337-357.
  • Qian, Y., & Fuller, S. (2020). COVID-19 and the gender employment gap among parents of young children. Canadian Public Policy, 46(2), S89-S101.
  • Richardson, D., & Denniss, R. (2020). Gender experience during the covid 19 lockdown: women lose from covid 19, men to gain from stimulus. Avusturalya: The Australia Institute.
  • Rivera, C., Hsu Y., Esbry, F.P., & Dugarova, E. (2020). Gender inequality and the COVID-19 crisis: A human development perspective. (Human Development Working Paper): UNDP.
  • Rosa Kadın Derneği. Rosa Kadın Derneği'nin temizlik işinde çalışan ev içi emekçileriyle ilgili pandemi raporu. http://www.rosakadindernegi.com/upload/resim/rosa_rapor_1.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Sabancı Vakfı. (2020). The impact of the covid- 19 pandemic on gender equality: problems and solutions meeting final report: Sabancı Vakfı
  • CCSA (The Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities). (2020). How Covid- 19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective: CCSA
  • UNDP. (2020). Covid 19 küresel salgını sürecinde Türkiye’de bakım ekonomisi ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler: UNDP.
  • UNICEF, ILO, & UN Women. (2020). Family-friendly policies and other Good workplace practices in the context of covid 19: key steps employers can take: UNICEF, ILO & UN Women.
  • World Economic Forum. (Mart 2021). Global gender report, 2021. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • Yasin, Y. (2020). Kırılgan gruplar ve covid 19; kadınlar. Türk Tabipler Birliği Covid 19 Pandemisi Altıncı Ay Değerlendirme Raporu içinde (s. 432-436).
  • Zamarro, G., Arce, P.F., & Prados, M.J. (2020). Understanding coronavirus in America: Gender differences in the impact of Covid-19. https://uasdata.usc.edu/index.php?r=eNpLtDKyqi62MrFSKkhMT1WyLrYyNAeyS5NyMpP1UhJLEvUSU1Ly80ASQDWJKZkpIKaxlZKRpZmSdS1cMG0hEuYEr adresinden erişilmiştir.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Women's Studies
Journal Section Review
Authors

Elif Çağlı Kaynak 0000-0001-9426-3132

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Submission Date March 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 23 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çağlı Kaynak, E. (2022). COVİD 19 PANDEMİSİNİN İLK DÖNEMİNDE KADIN EMEĞİNDEKİ DEĞİŞİM. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(3), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1093806


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