HAVAYOLLARININ HAVALİMANI SEÇİMİNİ BELİRLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: THEMIS UYGULAMASI

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 94 - 122, 31.12.2022

Kasım Kiracı , Ercan Akan

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1159598

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, havayolu işletmelerinin havalimanı seçimini etkileyen faktörlerin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Çalışmada, literatürde yer alan çalışmalardan yararlanılarak havayollarının havalimanı seçimini etkileyen 15 seçim kriteri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmanın uygulaması aşamasında THEMIS (The Moment Integrated Solution) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. THEMIS yöntemi, 2020 yılında literatüre kazandırılan çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemidir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, THEMIS yönteminin alan yazındaki ilk uygulaması niteliğini taşımakta olup bu açıdan özgün nitelik taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın diğer bir özgün tarafı ise geniş bir havalimanı seçim kriter havuzu oluşturularak havayollarının havalimanı seçim tercih nedenlerinin güncel olarak analiz edilmesidir. Çalışmanın bulguları, havayollarının havalimanı seçimini etkileyen en önemli kriterlerin sırasıyla uçuş bağlantıları için fırsatlar, uçakla ilgili süreçlerin verimliliği ve yolcu ile ilgili süreçlerin verimliliği olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma kapsamında analiz bulgularının geçerliliğinin ve güvenirliliğini test etmek amacıyla AHP yöntemi ile analiz sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan sağlamlık testi, THEMIS yönteminin AHP yöntemi ile uyumlu analiz bulgularına sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın hem yeni bir yöntemin ilk uygulanması açısından hem de geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik açısından literatüre ve havayolu taşımacılığı endüstri paydaşlarına değerli bilgiler sunduğu değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

Havaalanı Seçimi, Havaalanı Seçim Kriterleri, THEMIS Metodu, Airport Selection, Airport Selection Criteria, THEMIS Method

THE FACTORS DETERMINING THE AIRPORT SELECTION OF AIRLINES: THEMIS APPLICATION

Abstract

The aim of this study is to reveal the factors affecting the airport selection of airline companies. Using the literature, 15 selection criteria were determined. The THEMIS (The Moment Integrated Solution) method was employed in the implementation phase of the study. THEMIS method is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method introduced to the literature in 2020. Therefore, this study is unique as it is the first application of THEMIS method in the literature. Another unique aspect of the study is the current analysis of the airport selection reasons of airlines by creating wide airport selection criteria. The findings of the study indicate that the most important criteria affecting the airport selection of airlines are providing opportunities for flight connections, efficiency of aircraft-related processes, and efficiency of passenger-related processes. Within the scope of the study, we compared the analysis results with the AHP method in order to test the validity and reliability of the analysis findings. The robustness test shows that the THEMIS method has analysis findings compatible with the AHP method. Therefore, it is evaluated that the study provides valuable information to the literature and air transport industry stakeholders both in terms of the first application of a new method and in terms of validity and reliability.

Keywords

Airport Selection, Airport Selection Criteria, THEMIS Method

References

• Abdel-Basset, M., Ding, W., Mohamed, R., & Metawa, N. (2020). An integrated plithogenic MCDM approach for financial performance evaluation of manufacturing industries. Risk Management, 22(3), 192–218. doi: 0.1057/s41283-020-00061-4
• Abdel-Basset, M., Gamal, A., Chakrabortty, R. K., & Ryan, M. (2020). A new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach for location selection of sustainable offshore wind energy stations: A case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280, 1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124462
• Adler, N., Liebert, V., & Yazhemsky, E. (2013). Benchmarking airports from a managerial perspective. Omega (United Kingdom), 41(2), 442–458. doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2012.02.004
• Akan, E., Bayar, S., & Elmas, G. (2020). The moment integrated solution method in multi–criteria decision–making. International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications, and Practice, 27(6). doi: 10.23055/ijietap.2020.27.6.6373
• Asker, V. (2016). The measurement of airports operational effectiveness: an application of the major 10 airports in Turkey. The International Journal Transport & Logistics, 16(41), 1–9. Asker, V., & Battal, Ü. (2017). Operational efficiency measurement at selected airports. International Journal of Management Economics and Business, 13(13), 351–368.
• Asker, V., & Yaşar, M. (2018). Measurement of efficiency with Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Total Factor Productivity methods: An application on major airports in Turkey. Transport & Logistics: The International Journal, 18(45), 49–60.
• Assaf, A. G., & Gillen, D. (2012). Measuring the joint impact of governance form and economic regulation on airport efficiency, European Journal of Operational Research, 220(1), 187-198. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.01.038
• Babagolzadeh, M., Zhang, Y., Abbasi, B., Shrestha, A., & Zhang, A. (2022). Promoting Australian regional airports with subsidy schemes: Optimised downstream logistics using vehicle routing problem. Transport Policy, 128, 38–51. doi: 10.1016/J.TRANPOL.2022.08.014
• Bakır, M., Özdemir, E., Akan, Ş., & Atalık, Ö. (2022). A bibliometric analysis of airport service quality. Journal of Air Transport Management, 104. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2022.102273
• Balogun, A. O., Basri, S., Abdulkadir, S. J., & Hashim, A. S. (2019). Performance analysis of feature selection methods in software defect prediction: a search method approach. Applied Sciences, 9(13), 2764-2784. doi: 10.3390/APP9132764
• Baltagi, B. H., Griffin, J. M., & Rich, D. P. (1995). Airline deregulation: The cost pieces of the puzzle. International Economic Review, 36(1), 245-258. doi: 10.2307/2527435
• Barrett, S. D. (2004). How do the demands for airport services differ between full-service carriers and low-cost carriers? Journal of Air Transport Management, 10(1), 33–39. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2003.10.006
• Baştuğ, S., Akan, E., & Kiracı, K. (2021). Covid-19 sürecinde havalimanı hizmet kalitesi: Türkiye havalimanları analizi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(Covid 19 Özel Sayısı), 15-37. doi: 10.17065/HUNIIBF.907174
• Benedetto, A. (2002). A decision support system for the safety of airport runways: The case of heavy rainstorms. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 36(8), 665–682. doi: 10.1016/S0965-8564(01)00029-5
• Chan, D. (2000). The development of the airline industry from 1978 to 1998 – A strategic global overview. Journal of Management Development, 19(6), 489–514. doi: 10.1108/02621710010372891/FULL/XML
• de Luca, S., & Di Pace, R. (2012). Modelling passenger departure airport choice: Implicit vs. explicit approaches. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 54, 875–885. doi: 10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2012.09.803
• Dziedzic, M., & Warnock-Smith, D. (2016). The role of secondary airports for today’s low-cost carrier business models: The European case. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 21, 19–32. doi: 10.1016/J.RTBM.2016.07.002
• Feng, B., Li, Y., & Shen, Z. J. M. (2015). Air cargo operations: Literature review and comparison with practices. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 56, 263–280. doi: 10.1016/J.TRC.2015.03.028
• Francis, G., Fidato, A., & Humphreys, I. (2003). Airport–airline interaction: the impact of low-cost carriers on two European airports. Journal of Air Transport Management, 9(4), 267–273. doi: 10.1016/S0969-6997(03)00004-8
• Francis, G., & Humphreys, I. (2001). Airport regulation: Reflecting on the lessons from BAA plc. Public Money and Management, 21(1), 49–52. doi: 10.1111/1467-9302.00248
• Francis, G., Humphreys, I., & Ison, S. (2004). Airports’ perspectives on the growth of low-cost airlines and the remodeling of the airport–airline relationship. Tourism Management, 25(4), 507–514. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00121-3
• Gardiner, J., Ison, S., & Humphreys, I. (2005). Factors influencing cargo airlines’ choice of airport: An international survey. Journal of Air Transport Management, 11(6), 393–399. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2005.05.004
• Gillen, D., & Lall, A. (1997). Developing measures of airport productivity and performance: An application of data envelopment analysis. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 33(4), 261–273. doi: 10.1016/S1366-5545(97)00028-8
• Goetz, A. R., & Dempsey, P. S. (1988). Airline deregulation ten years after: something foul in the air. Journal of Air Law and Commerce, 54(4), 927-963.
• Graham, A. (2018). Managing airports: An international perspective (5. baskı). Abingdon: Routledge.
• Graham, A. (2020). Airport privatisation: A successful journey? Journal of Air Transport Management, 89, 1-9. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2020.101930
• Halpern, N., Graham, A., & Dennis, N. (2016). Low cost carriers and the changing fortunes of airports in the UK. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 21, 33–43. doi: 10.1016/J.RTBM.2016.05.002
• Havens, A. I., & Heymsfeld, D. A. (1981). Small community air service under the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. Journal of Air Law and Commerce, 46(3), 641-686.
• Huang, F., Zhou, D., Hu, J. L., & Wang, Q. (2020). Integrated airline productivity performance evaluation with CO2 emissions and flight delays. Journal of Air Transport Management, 84, 1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101770
• Humphreys, I., & Ison, S. (2005). Changing airport employee travel behaviour: The role of airport surface access strategies. Transport Policy, 12(1), 1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2004.07.002
• Janic, M., & Reggiani, A. (2002). An application of the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis to the selection of a new Hub Airport. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 2(2), 113-141. doi: 10.18757/ejtir.2002.2.2.3692
• Kayapinar Kaya, S., & Erginel, N. (2020). Futuristic airport: A sustainable airport design by integrating hesitant fuzzy SWARA and hesitant fuzzy sustainable quality function deployment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 275, 1-15. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2020.123880
• Keskin, B., & Köksal, C. D. (2019). A hybrid AHP/DEA-AR model for measuring and comparing the efficiency of airports. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(3), 524–541. doi: 10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0043/FULL/PDF
• Lai, P. L., Potter, A., Beynon, M., & Beresford, A. (2015). Evaluating the efficiency performance of airports using an integrated AHP/DEA-AR technique. Transport Policy, 42, 75–85. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.04.008
• Loh, H. S., Yuen, K. F., Wang, X., Surucu-Balci, E., Balci, G., & Zhou, Q. (2020). Airport selection criteria of low-cost carriers: A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process. Journal of Air Transport Management, 83, 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2019.101759
• Lotti, R., & Caetano, M. (2018). The airport choice of exporters for fruit from Brazil. Journal of Air Transport Management, 70, 104–112. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2018.05.003
• Malandri, C., Mantecchini, L., & Reis, V. (2019). Aircraft turnaround and industrial actions: How ground handlers’ strikes affect airport airside operational efficiency. Journal of Air Transport Management, 78, 23–32. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2019.04.007
• Martín, J. C., & Román, C. (2006). A benchmarking analysis of Spanish commercial airports. A comparison between SMOP and DEA ranking methods. Networks and Spatial Economics, 6(2), 111–134. doi: 10.1007/s11067-006-7696-1
• Mason, K. J., & Morrison, W. G. (2008). Towards a means of consistently comparing airline business models with an application to the ‘low cost’ airline sector. Research in Transportation Economics, 24(1), 75–84. doi: 10.1016/J.RETREC.2009.01.006
• Mirkovic, B., & Tosic, V. (2014). Airport apron capacity: estimation, representation, and flexibility. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 48(2), 97–118. doi: 10.1002/ATR.1250
• Ogunmokun, O. A., Eluwole, K. K., Avci, T., Lasisi, T. T., & Ikhide, J. E. (2020). Propensity to trust and knowledge sharing behavior: An evaluation of importance-performance analysis among Nigerian restaurant employees. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 1-10. doi:10.1016/J.TMP.2019.100590
• Oum, T. H., & Yu, C. (2004). Measuring airports’ operating efficiency: a summary of the 2003 ATRS global airport benchmarking report. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 40(6), 515–532. doi: 10.1016/J.TRE.2004.08.002
• Oum, T. H., Yu, C., & Fu, X. (2003). A comparative analysis of productivity performance of the world’s major airports: Summary report of the ATRS global airport benchmarking research report - 2002. Journal of Air Transport Management, 9(5), 285–297. doi: 10.1016/S0969-6997(03)00037-1
• Pabedinskaitė, A., & Akstinaitė, V. (2014). Evaluation of the Airport Service Quality. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 398–409. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.884
• Pacheco, R. R., Fernandes, E., & de Sequeira Santos, M. P. (2006). Management style and airport performance in Brazil. Journal of Air Transport Management, 12(6), 324–330. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2006.07.010
• Palczewski, K., & Sałabun, W. (2019). Influence of various normalization methods in PROMETHEE II: an empirical study on the selection of the airport location. Procedia Computer Science, 159, 2051–2060. doi: 10.1016/J.PROCS.2019.09.378
• Pandey, M. M. (2020). Evaluating the strategic design parameters of airports in Thailand to meet service expectations of Low-Cost Airlines using the Fuzzy-based QFD method. Journal of Air Transport Management, 82, 1-9. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2019.101738
• Park, Y. (2003). An analysis for the competitive strength of Asian major airports. Journal of Air Transport Management, 9(6), 353–360. doi: 10.1016/S0969-6997(03)00041-3
• Park, Y., & Ahn, S. B. (2010). Optimal assignment for check-in counters based on passenger arrival behaviour at an airport. Transportation Planning and Technology, 26(5), 397–416. doi: 10.1080/03081060310001635887
• Pels, E., Nijkamp, P., & Rietveld, P. (2003). Access to and competition between airports: a case study for the San Francisco Bay area. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 37(1), 71–83. doi: 10.1016/S0965-8564(02)00007-1
• Porter, M. E. (1980). Industry structure and competitive strategy: Keys to profitability. Financial Analysts Journal, 36(4), 30-41. doi: 10.2469/Faj.V36.N4.30
• Ricardianto, R. P., & Rifni, M. (2014). Air cargo capacity on cargo terminal development plan at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Jurnal ManajemenTransportasi & Logistik, 1(2), 139-156.
• Rusinov, I., Gavrilova, I., & Bersenev, A. (2018). Cargo handling processes during containerized shipments: Mathematical modeling, optimality criteria. MATEC Web of Conferences, 239, 1-39. doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201823903011
• Schmidt, M. (2017). A review of aircraft turnaround operations and simulations. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 92, 25–38. doi: 10.1016/J.PAEROSCI.2017.05.002
• Suryani, E., Chou, S. Y., & Chen, C. H. (2012). Dynamic simulation model of air cargo demand forecast and terminal capacity planning. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 28, 27–41. doi: 10.1016/j.simpat.2012.05.012
• Syltevik, S., Karamperidis, S., Antony, J., & Taheri, B. (2018). Lean for airport services: a systematic literature review and agenda for future research. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 35(1), 34–49. doi: 10.1108/IJQRM-08-2016-0135/FULL/PDF
• Špák, M., & Olexa, P. (2020). Enhancement of the diversion airport selection methodology. Transportation Research Procedia, 51, 232–242. doi: 10.1016/J.TRPRO.2020.11.026
• Tanrıverdi, G., Ecer, F., & Durak, M. Ş. (2022). Exploring factors affecting airport selection during the COVID-19 pandemic from air cargo carriers’ perspective through the triangular fuzzy Dombi-Bonferroni BWM methodology. Journal of Air Transport Management, 105, 1-15. doi: 10.1016/J.JAIRTRAMAN.2022.102302
• Wanke, P. F. (2013). Physical infrastructure and flight consolidation efficiency drivers in Brazilian airports: A two-stage network-DEA approach. Journal of Air Transport Management, 31, 1–5. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2012.09.001
• Yang, Z., Yu, S., & Notteboom, T. (2016). Airport location in multiple airport regions (MARs): The role of land and airside accessibility. Journal of Transport Geography, 52, 98–110. doi: 10.1016/J.JTRANGEO.2016.03.007 Yu, M. M. (2010). Assessment of airport performance using the SBM-NDEA model. Omega, 38(6), 440–452. doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2009.11.003