THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE PROSOCIAL MOTIVATION AND EMOTIONAL LABOUR

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 332 - 350, 27.03.2023

Gökhan Karadirek

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1136425

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the role of organizational identification in the relationship between emotional labor and prosocial motivation. This study was designed in relational survey model, one of the quantitative research designs. The research was carried out on the employees of an enterprise operating in the forest products industry in Ordu. The sample consisted of 242 business employees. The sampling group was determined by using the convenient sampling method among the employees. The data were collected with the online survey technique and analyzed with the SPSS 25.0 package program. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 25.0 package program. The demographic characteristics of the participants were determined using descriptive statistics such as percentage and frequency. The hypotheses were tested with correlation and regression analysis. As a result of the correlation analysis, a low-level significant and positive relationship was found between emotional labor and organizational identification and prosocial motivation. Organizational identification has a mediating role in the relationship between prosocial motivation and emotional labor.

Keywords

emotional labor, organization identification, prosocial motivation

ÇALIŞANLARIN PROSOSYAL MOTİVASYONU İLE DUYGUSAL EMEK ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞMENİN ROLÜ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, prososyal motivasyon ile duygusal emek arasındaki ilişkide örgütsel özdeşleşmenin rolünü belirlemektir. Bu çalışma, nicel araştırma desenlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma, Ordu’da orman ürünleri endüstrisinde faaliyet gösteren bir işletmenin çalışanları üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemi, 242 işletme çalışanı oluşturmuştur. Örneklem grubu, çalışanlar arasından uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Veriler, online anket tekniğiyle toplanmış ve SPSS 25.0 paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri, yüzde ve frekans gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Hipotezler, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleriyle test edilmiştir. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda, duygusal emek ile örgütsel özdeşleşme ve prososyal motivasyon arasında düşük düzeyde anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Prososyal motivasyon ile duygusal emek arasındaki ilişkide, örgütsel özdeşleşmenin aracılık rolü bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

Duygusal Emek, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Prososyal Motivasyon

References

• Anwar, F., Ahmed, I., Waqas, M., Khairuzzaman, W., Ismail, W., & Islam, T. (2019). Effects of external prestige on emotional labour: mediation by organisational identification and moderation by perceived organisational support. Middle East J. Management, 6(2), 186-203.
• Ashforth, B., & Humphrey, R. (1993). Emotional Labor in Service Roles: The Influence of Identity. Academy of Management Review, 18(1), 88-115.
• Ashforth, B., & Mael, F. (1989). Social Identity Theory and the Organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
• Batson, C. (1987). Prosocial Motivation: Is it ever Truly Altruistic? Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 65-122.
• Can, M., & Aykaç, E. (2020). Mesleki Bağlılığın Prososyal Motivasyon Davranışı Üzerindeki Rolü: Mutfak Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(3), 1836-1854.
• Deniz, G., & Aydoğan, E. (2020). Algılanan Dışsal Prestijin Duygusal Emek Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracılık Rolü: Konaklama İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 15(1), 141-164.
• Edwards, M. (2005). Organizational Identification: A Conceptual and Operational Review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), 207-230.
• Fraenkel, j., & Wallen, N. (2009). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: New York McGraw-Hill.
• Fuchs, S. (2012). Understanding Psychological Bonds between Individuals and Organizations: The Coalescence Model of Organizational Identification. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Grandey, A. (2000). Emotional Regulation in The Workplace: A New Way to Conceptualize Emotional Labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 95-110.
• Grandey, A., & Sayre, G. (2019). Emotional Labor: Regulating Emotions for a Wage. Current Directions in Psychological Science: 28(2), 131-137.
• Grant, A. (2007). Relational Job Design and The Motivation to Make A Prosocial Difference. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 393-417.
• Grant, A. (2008). Does Intrinsic Motivation Fuel the Prosocial Fire? Motivational Synergy in Predicting Persistence, Performance, and Productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 48-58.
• Grant, A., & Berry, J. (2011). The Necessity of Others Is the Mother of Invention: Intrinsic and Prosocial Motivations, Perspective-Taking, and Creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(1), 73-96.
• Grant, A., & Mayer, D. (2009). Good Soldiers and Good Actors: Prosocial and Impression Management Motives as Interactive Predictors of Affiliative Citizenship Behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(4), 900-912.
• Guy, M. (2019). Thinking Globally About the Public Service. M. Guy, S. Mastracci, & S.-B. Yang içinde, The Palgrave Handbook of Global Perspectives on Emotional Labor in Public Service (s. 25-50). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing;Palgrave Macmillan.
• Guy, M., Newman, M., & Mastracci, S. (2008). Emotional Labor: Putting The Service In Public Service. New York: M.E.Sharpe. Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Ankara: (5. Baskı) Seçkin Yayıncılık. Hall, D., Schneider, B., & Nygren, H. (1970). Personal Factors in Organizational Identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(2), 176-190.
• Hochschild, A. (1983). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
• Hsieh, C.-W. (2019). Understanding Emotional Labor in Situational Contexts: How Mistreatment Matters. M. Guy, S. Mastracci, & S.-B. Yang içinde, The Palgrave Handbook of Global Perspectives on Emotional Labor in Public Service (s. 301-319). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing; Palgrave Macmillan.
• Kayış, A. (2010). Güvenilirlik Analizi (Reliability Analysis). Ş. Kalaycı içinde, SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri (s. 404-409). Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti.
• Kesen, M., & Akyüz, B. (2016). Duygusal Emek ve Prososyal Motivasyonun İşe Gömülmüşlüğe Etkisi: Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25(2), 233-250.
• Kırmızıgül, B., Evliyaoğlu, M., Cevher, M., & Yılmaz, T. (2017). Otel İşletmelerinde Çalışanların Duygusal Emek Davranışlarında Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Rolü. International Journal of Academic Value Studies, 3(16), 257-267.
• Koçak, D. (2019). İstismarcı Yönetimin Prososyal Motivasyon Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracı Etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1), 517-528.
• Kolade, O., & Kehinde, O. (2013). Glass Ceiling and Women Career Advancement: Evidence from Nigerian Construction Industry. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 6(1), 77-97.
• Krebs, D. (1975). Empathy and altruism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32(6), 1134-1146.
• Lee, C., Pillutla, M., & Law, K. (2000). Power-Distance, Gender and Organizational Justice. Journal of Management, 26(4), 685-704.
• Lu, X. (2019). Understanding Emotional Labor at the Organizational Level. M. Guy, S. Mastracci, & S.-B. Yang içinde, The Palgrave Handbook of Global Perspectives on Emotional Labor in Public Service (s. 101-117). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing;Palgrave Macmillan.
• Mael , F., & Ashforth, B. (1992). Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of The Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13,103-123.
• Miao, Q., Eva, N., Newman, A., & Schwarz, G. (2019). Public Service Motivation and Performance: The Role of Organizational Identification. Public Money & Management, 39(2), 77-85.
• Mishra, S., Bhatnagar, D., D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2012). Linkage between perceived external prestige and emotional labor: Mediation effect of organizational identification among pharmaceutical representatives in India. Journal of World Business, 47(2), 204-212.
• Nesje, K. (2015). Nursing Students’ Prosocial Motivation: Does It Predict Professional Commitment and Involvement in The Job? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(1), 115-125.
• Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Pala, T., & Sürgevil, O. (2016). Duygusal Emek Ölçeği: Ölçek Geliştirme, Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması. Ege Akademik Bakış, 16(4), 773-787.
• Reykowski, J. (1982). Motivation of Prosocial Behavior. V. Derlega, & J. Grzelak içinde, Cooperation and Helping Behavior: Theories and Research (s. 352-375). New York: Academic Press.
• Rigotti, T., Schyns, B., & Mohr, G. (2008). A Short Version of the Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale: Structural and Construct Validity Across Five Countries. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(2), 238-255.
• Shin, I., & Hur, W.-M. (2020). How are service employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibility related to their performance? Prosocial motivation and emotional labor as underlying mechanisms. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(6), 1-12.
• Song, B., & Ferguson, M. (2021). The Importance of Congruence Between Stakeholder Prosocial Motivation and CSR Attributions: Effects on Stakeholders’ Donations and Sense-Making of Prosocial Identities. Journal of Marketing Communications, 1-19.
• Steijn, B., & van der Voet, J. (2019). Relational Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction of Public Sector Employees: When Prosocial Motivation and Red Tape Collide. Public Administration, 97(1), 64-80.
• Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (2014). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston: Pearson.
• Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1979). An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. W. Austin, & S. Worchel içinde, The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations (s. 33-48). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
• Tortumlu, M., & Uzunbacak, H. (2021). Genç Gönüllülerin Kişilik Özelliklerinin Prososyal Motivasyonlarına Etkisi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi (PIAR), 8(1), 101-114.
• Töre, E., & Erel, A. N. (2020). Effects of Teacher Organizational Identification on Emotional Labor. IJOEEC (International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture), 5(10),1722-1748.
• Turner, J., Hogg, M., Oakes, P., Reicher, S., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Rediscovering The Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell.
• Valero, D., Keller, A., & Hirschi, A. (2019). The Perceived Influence of Role Models and Early Career Development in Native and Migrant Youth. Journal of Career Development, 46(3), 265-279.
• Wegge, J., Dick, R., Fisher, G., Wecking, C., & Moltzen, K. (2006). Work Motivation, Organisational Identification, and Well-Being in Call Centre Work. Work & Stress, 20(1), 60-83.