The effect of variants and vaccines on prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a retrospective observational study

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 293 - 301, 27.09.2022

Hakan Aydın , Göksu Bozdereli Berikol , Mehmet Koçak , Halil Doğan

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1061232

Abstract

Aim: The effect of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines on variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of variants and vaccines in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 588 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 between May 1st, 2021, and August 31st, 2021. The patients were divided into groups according to variant analysis and demographic characteristics, laboratory data, vaccination status, and in-hospital mortality rates were compared.

Results: Variants (Alpha [B.1.1.7], Beta [B.1.351], Delta [B.1.617.2]) were detected in 46.3% of the patients. The intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate was 46.8%, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 33.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients with variant detection and those without variant detection in terms of ICU admission and in-hospital mortality. The rate of unvaccinated patients was 63.6%. The in-hospital mortality rate was similar in those vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVaC (37.1%) to that in the unvaccinated (32.9%) but higher than in those vaccinated with two doses of BNT162B2 (16.7%).

Conclusion: There was no increase in the mortality rates in hospitalized between patients with or without variants compared to those without. The mortality rate in those vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVaC was similar to that in those not vaccinated.

Keywords

BNT16B2, CoronaVaC, COVID-19 vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 variants

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 hastalarında varyantların ve aşıların prognoza etkisi: retrospektif gözlemsel çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) aşılarının şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu koronavirüsü 2 (SARS-CoV-2) varyantları üzerindeki etkisi belirsizdir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, hastanede yatan COVID-19 hastalarında varyantların ve aşıların prognostik etkisini araştırmaktır.

Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma, 01 Mayıs-31 Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanede yatan 588 COVID-19 hastası üzerinde yapıldı. Varyant analizine göre gruplandırılan hastalar, demografik özellikleri, laboratuvar verileri, aşılanma durumları ve hastane içi ölüm oranları açısından karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Hastaların %46,3’ünde varyant (Alfa [B.1.1.7], Beta [B.1.351], Delta [B.1.617.2]) saptandı. Yoğun bakım ünitesine (YBÜ) yatış oranı %46,8 ve hastane içi ölüm oranı %33,3 idi. Varyant saptanan hastalar ile varyant saptanmayanlar arasında YBÜ’ye yatış ve hastane içi mortalite açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. Aşısız hasta oranı %63,6 idi. İki doz CoronaVaC ile aşılanan hastaların hastane içi mortalite oranları (%37,1) ile aşılanmayanların mortalite oranları (%32,9) benzerdi, ancak 2 doz BNT162B2 ile aşılananların hastane içi mortalite oranlarından (%16,7) daha yüksekti.

Sonuç: Hastanede yatan hastalarda varyant saptananlar ile varyantı olmayanlar arasında mortalite açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. İki doz CoronaVaC ile aşılananlarda ölüm oranı, aşılanmayanlarla benzerdi.

Keywords

COVID-19 aşıları, ölüm oranı, SARS-CoV-2

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