Acil servise maksillofasiyal travma ile başvuran hastaların demografik özellikleri ve travma etiyolojisi

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 99 - 104, 23.09.2020

Tuğçe Şimşek , Sema Avcı , Mustafa Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.730077

Abstract

Amaç:
Travma,
dünyada 40 yaş altındaki insanlarda en sık ölüm nedenidir ve özellikle
gelişmekte olan ülkeler için ciddi bir morbidite nedenidir. Bir travmatik
yaralanma şekli olan maksillofasiyal travmalar motorlu araç kazaları sonrası
başvurularda yaklaşık %20-60 arasında görülen ve savunmasız yapısı nedeniyle
travmaya daha kolay maruz kalan bir vücut bölgesi olan yüzde sık görülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, travma sonrası acil servise başvuran ve maksillofasiyal
yaralanması olan hastalara ait demografik özellikler ve travma mekanizması geriye
dönük değerlendirildi.

Gereç ve yöntemler:
Çalışmamızda
hastane veri tabanı taranıp Ocak 2013-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında acil
servise maksillofasiyal travma nedeni ile başvuran hastalar (213 kadın, 531
erkek) değerlendirildi. Yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikler, etiyolojik
faktörler, travmanın mevsimsel dağılımı, travmaya maruz kalanların alkol
kullanımı geriye dönük olarak kaydedildi.

Bulgular:
Hastaların
%28,6'sı kadın ve %71,4'ü erkekti. Etiyolojik faktörler sırasıyla şöyleydi; düşme
450 (%60,5), trafik kazası 76 (%10,2), darp 166 (%22,3), bireyler arası şiddet
46 (%6,2), spor kazası 3 (%0,4), suisid 2 (%0,3), iş kazası 1 (%0,1).

Sonuç:
Düşme
maksillofasiyal travmaların ana sebebi olarak tespit edildi. Ancak bireyler
arası şiddet, darp ve trafik kazaları 18-65 yaş erkek grupta anlamlı şekilde
diğer gruplara göre yüksek bulundu. Erkeklerde trafik kazalarını ve
saldırganlığı önleyici ayrıca yaşlılar ve çocuklar için de düşmeyi önleyici ve
yaşam kalitesini arttırıcı projeler geliştirilmesi faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords

Maksillofasiyal travma, etiyoloji, acil servis

Demographic characteristics and trauma etiology of patients admitted to emergency department with maxillofacial trauma

Abstract

Aim:
Trauma is the
most common cause of death in people under the age of 40 in the world and is a
serious cause of morbidity, especially for developing countries. Maxillofacial traumas,
which is a form of traumatic injury, are frequently seen in admissions after
motor vehicle accidents, between 20-60%, and the body area, which is more
easily exposed to trauma due to its vulnerable nature. In this study, the
demographic characteristics of the patients who admitted to the emergency
department (ED) after the trauma and who had maxillofacial injury, and the mechanism
of trauma were evaluated retrospectively.

Material
and method: In our study, the hospital database
was scanned and patients (213 women, 531 men) who were admitted to the ED
between January 2013 and December 2018 due to maxillofacial trauma were
evaluated. Demographic features such as age, gender, etiological factors,
seasonal distribution of trauma, alcohol use of those exposed to trauma were recorded
retrospectively.

Results:
28.6%
of the patients were female and 71.4% were male. Etiological factors were as
follows: fall 450 (60.5%), traffic accident 76 (10.2%), assault 166 (22.3%),
interpersonal violence 46 (6.2%), sports accident 3 (0,4%), suicide 2 (0.3%),
work accident 1 (0.1%).

Conclusion:
Falling
was detected as the main cause of maxillofacial traumas. However, interpersonal
violence, assault and traffic accidents were found to be significantly higher
in the 18-65 year-old male group compared to the other groups. It would be
beneficial to develop projects to prevent traffic accidents and aggression in men,
as well as to prevent fall and to increase the quality of life for the elderly
and children.

Keywords

Maxillofacial trauma, etiology, emergency department

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