Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinde Hiperbarik Oksijen Tedavisinin Acil Servis İşleyişindeki Yeri
Year 2021,
Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 138 - 142, 29.12.2021
Suna Eraybar
,
Melih Yüksel
,
Serhat Atmaca
,
Hüseyin Aygün
,
Zülfi Engindeniz
,
Halil Kaya
,
Bekir Selim Bağlı
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı acil servise başvuran akut karbon monoksit (CO) zehirlenmesinde yüksek karboksihemoglobin (CoHb) düzeyleri ile hiperbarik oksijen (HBO) tedavisi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: CO zehirlenmesi nedeniyle değerlendirilen ve COHb düzeyi >20 olan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların aldıkları normobarik oksijen (NBO) ya da HBO tedavi sonrası COHb düzeyleri doğrultusunda hastaların acilde kalış süresi, HBO tedavisi alım endikasyonları, mevcut klinik bulgular değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: CO kaynağı, 66 olguda (%60) kömür sobası iken maruziyetlerin %99,1’i ev ortamında gerçekleşti. %20,9 (n:23) hastada HBO tedavisi uygulandı. HBO tedavi uygulanma endikasyoları 10 (%9,1 ) hastada senkop, 7 sinde (%6,4) şuur bulanıklığı ve 2 sinde (%1,8) kardiyak toksisiteydi. Hastaların geliş CoHb değerleri ile acil serviste kalış süreleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon saptandı (p=0,000).
Sonuç: CO zehirlenmesi sık rastlanan bir acildir. Acil serviste rezervuarlı maske ile oksijen tedavisi temel tedavidir ve hastaların büyük bir kısmında yeterli tedaviyi sağlamaktadır. HBO tedavisi her merkezde ulaşılır olmamakta ve doğru endikasyonlar konması açısından acil servilerde sıkıntı yaşanmaktadır. COHb düzeyinden bağımsız olarak hastanın HBO endikasyonu açısından klinik olarak değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Supporting Institution
yoktur
References
- Raub JA, Mathieu-Nolf M, Hampson NB, Thom SR. Carbon monoxide poisoning--a public health perspective. Toxicology. 2000 Apr 7;145(1):1-14.
- Penney D, Benignus V, Kephalopoulos S, et al. Carbonmonoxide. In: WHO guidelines for in door air quality: selected pollutants. 2010 [accessed 2016 Aug 23]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK138710/
- Chiew AL, Buckley NA. Carbon monoxide poisoning in the 21st century CriticalCare 2014, 18:221.
- Hampson NB, Dunn SL, UHMCS/CDC CO Poisoning Surveillance Group. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning do not correlate with the initial carboxyhemoglobin level. Undersea HyperbMed 2012, 39:657–665.
- Satran D, Henry CR, Adkinson C, et al. Cardiovas cularmanifestations of moderateto severe carbonmo noxide poisoning. J AmCollCardiol 2005, 45:1513–1516.
- Townsend CL, Maynard RL. Effects on health of prolonged exposure to low concentrations of carbonmonoxide. OccupEnvironMed 2002; 59:708–711.
- Weaver LK, Howe S, Hopkins R, et al. Carboxyhemoglobin half-life inc arbon monoxide-poisoned patients treated with 100% oxygen at atmospheric pressure. Chest 2000;117:801–808.
- Weaver LK. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea HyperbMed 2014;41:339–354.
- Caglar B, Serin S, Yilmaz G, et al. The Impact of Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Dec;34(6):588-591.
- Idil H, Unek O. Non-Invasive CPAP Ventilation in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Aug;34(4):454-455
- Hopkins R, Weaver LK. Cognitive outcomes 6 years after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea Hyperb Med 2008;35:258.
- Hampson NB. Noninvasive pulse CO-oximetry expedites evaluation and management of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Am J EmergMed 2012, 30:2021–2024.
- Lippi G, Rastelli G, Meschi T, et al. Pathophysiology, clinics, diagnosis and treatment of heart involvement in carbon monoxide poisoning. ClinBiochem 2012, 45:1278–1285.
- Kandiş H, Katırcı Y, Karapolat BS. Karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesi: Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2009; 11(3):54-60
- Yetiş Y, Karbeyaz K, Güneş A. Eskişehir'de Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesine Bağlı Ölümlerin 20 Yıllık Analizi. AdıyamanÜni. Sağlık Bilimleri Derg, 2017;3 (1):396-406.
- Akköse S, Türkmen N, Bulut M, et al. An analysis of carbon monoxide poisoning cases in Bursa, Turkey. East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16:101-106
- Metin S, Yıldız Ş, Çakmak T, Demirbaş Ş. 2010 Yılında Türkiye’de Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinin Sıklığı. TAF PreventiveMedicineBulletin, 2011; 10: 587-92
- Turgut K. Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinde Hastaneye Yatışı Belirleyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi Fırat Tıp Dergisi/Firat Med J 2020; 25 (1): 39-42
- Wolf SJ, Lavonas EJ, Sloan EP, Jagoda AS, American College of Emergency Physicians: Critical issues in the management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute carbon monoxide poisoning. AnnEmergMed 2008, 51:138–152
- Mathieu D, Marroni A, Kot J. Tenth European Consensus Conference on Hyperbaric Medicine: recommendations for accepted and non-accepted clinical indications and practice of hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Diving Hyperb Med. 2017 Mar;47(1):24-32.
- Hampson N, Hauff NM. Carboxyhemoglobin levels in carbon monoxide poisoning: do they correlate with the clinical picture. Am J EmergMed. 2008; 26: 665-9.
- Genç S, Aygün D. Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinde Karboksihemoglobin Düzeyi, Zehirlenmenin Şiddeti ve Mini Mental Durum Testi Skalası Arasındaki İlişki. Tr EmergMed 2013; 13: 25-32
- Mutluoglu M, Metin S, Arziman I, et al. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for carbon monoxide poisoning in Europe. Undersea Hyperb Med 2016;43(1):49-56.
- Weaver LK, Hopkins RO, Chan KJ et al. Hyperbaric Oxygen for Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1057-1067
- İncekaya Y, Feyizi H, Bayraktar S ve ark; Karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesi ve hiperbarik oksijen tedavisi Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi 33(2):114-118, 2017
- Toklucu MÖ, Araz C, Nizamoğlu M, Pala E ve ark .Ümraniye Eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi çocuk acil servise başvuran karbon monoksit zehirlenmesi olgularının değerlendirilmesi. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2016(3):123-128
The Place of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Emergency Service Process in Carbonmonoxide Poisoning
Year 2021,
Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 138 - 142, 29.12.2021
Suna Eraybar
,
Melih Yüksel
,
Serhat Atmaca
,
Hüseyin Aygün
,
Zülfi Engindeniz
,
Halil Kaya
,
Bekir Selim Bağlı
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between high carboxyhemoglobin (CoHb) levels and hyperbaricoxygen (HBO) treatment in acute carbonmonoxide (CO) poisoning.
Material and Methods: Patients examined due to CO poisoning with a COHb level> 20 were evaluated retrospectively. In accordance to the CoHb levels after the treatment of patients with normobaric oxygen or HBO; duration of emergency stay, indications for HBO treatment, current clinical findings were evaluated.
Results: While the CO source was coal stove in 66 cases (60%), 99.1% of the exposures occurred in the home environment. HBO therapy was applied in 20.9% (n: 23) patients. Indications for HBO treatment were syncope in 10 (9.1%) patients, blurred consciousness in 7 (6.4%), and cardiac toxicity in 2 (1.8%). A positive correlation was found between the arrival COHb values of the patients and their length of stay in the emergency room (p = 0,000).
Conclusion: CO poisoning is a common emergency. Oxygen therapy with a reservoir mask is the main treatment in the emergency room and provides adequate treatment for the majority of patients. HBO treatment is not available in every center and emergency departments experience difficulties in terms of establishing correct indications. Regardless of COHb level, the patient should be evaluated clinically for HBO indication.
References
- Raub JA, Mathieu-Nolf M, Hampson NB, Thom SR. Carbon monoxide poisoning--a public health perspective. Toxicology. 2000 Apr 7;145(1):1-14.
- Penney D, Benignus V, Kephalopoulos S, et al. Carbonmonoxide. In: WHO guidelines for in door air quality: selected pollutants. 2010 [accessed 2016 Aug 23]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK138710/
- Chiew AL, Buckley NA. Carbon monoxide poisoning in the 21st century CriticalCare 2014, 18:221.
- Hampson NB, Dunn SL, UHMCS/CDC CO Poisoning Surveillance Group. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning do not correlate with the initial carboxyhemoglobin level. Undersea HyperbMed 2012, 39:657–665.
- Satran D, Henry CR, Adkinson C, et al. Cardiovas cularmanifestations of moderateto severe carbonmo noxide poisoning. J AmCollCardiol 2005, 45:1513–1516.
- Townsend CL, Maynard RL. Effects on health of prolonged exposure to low concentrations of carbonmonoxide. OccupEnvironMed 2002; 59:708–711.
- Weaver LK, Howe S, Hopkins R, et al. Carboxyhemoglobin half-life inc arbon monoxide-poisoned patients treated with 100% oxygen at atmospheric pressure. Chest 2000;117:801–808.
- Weaver LK. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea HyperbMed 2014;41:339–354.
- Caglar B, Serin S, Yilmaz G, et al. The Impact of Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Dec;34(6):588-591.
- Idil H, Unek O. Non-Invasive CPAP Ventilation in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Aug;34(4):454-455
- Hopkins R, Weaver LK. Cognitive outcomes 6 years after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea Hyperb Med 2008;35:258.
- Hampson NB. Noninvasive pulse CO-oximetry expedites evaluation and management of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Am J EmergMed 2012, 30:2021–2024.
- Lippi G, Rastelli G, Meschi T, et al. Pathophysiology, clinics, diagnosis and treatment of heart involvement in carbon monoxide poisoning. ClinBiochem 2012, 45:1278–1285.
- Kandiş H, Katırcı Y, Karapolat BS. Karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesi: Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2009; 11(3):54-60
- Yetiş Y, Karbeyaz K, Güneş A. Eskişehir'de Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesine Bağlı Ölümlerin 20 Yıllık Analizi. AdıyamanÜni. Sağlık Bilimleri Derg, 2017;3 (1):396-406.
- Akköse S, Türkmen N, Bulut M, et al. An analysis of carbon monoxide poisoning cases in Bursa, Turkey. East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16:101-106
- Metin S, Yıldız Ş, Çakmak T, Demirbaş Ş. 2010 Yılında Türkiye’de Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinin Sıklığı. TAF PreventiveMedicineBulletin, 2011; 10: 587-92
- Turgut K. Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinde Hastaneye Yatışı Belirleyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi Fırat Tıp Dergisi/Firat Med J 2020; 25 (1): 39-42
- Wolf SJ, Lavonas EJ, Sloan EP, Jagoda AS, American College of Emergency Physicians: Critical issues in the management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute carbon monoxide poisoning. AnnEmergMed 2008, 51:138–152
- Mathieu D, Marroni A, Kot J. Tenth European Consensus Conference on Hyperbaric Medicine: recommendations for accepted and non-accepted clinical indications and practice of hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Diving Hyperb Med. 2017 Mar;47(1):24-32.
- Hampson N, Hauff NM. Carboxyhemoglobin levels in carbon monoxide poisoning: do they correlate with the clinical picture. Am J EmergMed. 2008; 26: 665-9.
- Genç S, Aygün D. Karbonmonoksit Zehirlenmesinde Karboksihemoglobin Düzeyi, Zehirlenmenin Şiddeti ve Mini Mental Durum Testi Skalası Arasındaki İlişki. Tr EmergMed 2013; 13: 25-32
- Mutluoglu M, Metin S, Arziman I, et al. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for carbon monoxide poisoning in Europe. Undersea Hyperb Med 2016;43(1):49-56.
- Weaver LK, Hopkins RO, Chan KJ et al. Hyperbaric Oxygen for Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1057-1067
- İncekaya Y, Feyizi H, Bayraktar S ve ark; Karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesi ve hiperbarik oksijen tedavisi Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi 33(2):114-118, 2017
- Toklucu MÖ, Araz C, Nizamoğlu M, Pala E ve ark .Ümraniye Eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi çocuk acil servise başvuran karbon monoksit zehirlenmesi olgularının değerlendirilmesi. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2016(3):123-128