Yaşlıda düşme riskini tahmin etmede osteosarkopeni ve dengenin rolü

Year 2022, , 60 - 65, 25.08.2022

Funda Datlı Yakaryılmaz , Neslihan Cansel

https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.62246

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda geriatri polikliniğine başvuran yaşlılarda düşme riskinin tahmin edilmesinde denge ve osteosarkopeni varlığının rolünü araştırmayı amaçlanmaktadır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 205 katılımcının kemik mineral yoğunluğu çift enerjili X-ray absorpsiyometri (DXA) ile kas kütlesi bioempedans analizi (BIA) ile denge ve yürüme Tinetti denge ve yürüyüş değerlendirmesi (TDYD) ile değerlendirildi. Hastalar BIA ve DXA verilerine göre 4 gruba ayrılmıştır.
Bulgular: Tüm katılımcıların 27‘sinde (%13.2) osteosarkopeni saptandı. Osteosarkopeni osteosarkopeni grubunda diğer gruplara göre düşme sayısı daha yüksek iken baldır çevresi, EKK ve TDYD skorları anlamlı düzeyde düşüktü. TDYD skoruna göre her üç hastadan birinde düşme riski yüksek saptandı. Düşme gelişmesinde TDYD skoru (p<0.001, OR=1.912 [1.596-2.291]) ve baldır çevresi (p=0.013, OR=1.159 [1.032-1.301]) bağımsız değişkenler olarak bulundu.
Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmada, yaşlı hastalarda, osteoporoz/osteopeni ve sarkopeninin yaygın olduğu, denge, el kavram kuvveti, baldır çevresi ve yaşın düşmeyi belirleyen prediktörler olduğu bulundu. Yaşlanan küresel nüfusla birlikte hem sarkopeni hem de osteoporozun daha yaygın hale geleceği ve dolayısıyla düşmeninde artış göstereceği düşünüldüğünde, bulgularımız, yaşlı hastaların takip ve tedavisinde belirlenen parametrelerin düşme riskinin erken tanınmasında kolaylıkla kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

denge, yaşlı, düşme, osteosarkopeni

The role of osteosarcopenia and balance in predicting fall risk in the elderly

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of balance and osteosarcopenia in the estimation of fall risk in the elderly admitted to the geriatrics outpatient clinic.
Methods: Patients admitted to the outpatient geriatric clinic were included in the study. The bone mineral density of 205 participants included in the study was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), muscle mass bioimpedance analysis (BIA), Tinetti balance, and gait assessment (TBGA), balance and gait. Osteosarcopenia was defined as sarcopenia plus osteoporosis/osteopenia. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to BIA and DXA data.
Results: Osteosarcopenia was detected in 27 (13.2%) of all participants. In addition, while the number of falls was higher in the osteosarcopenia group than in the other groups, the calf circumference, ECC, and TBGA scores were significant. According to the TBGA score, the risk of falling was found to be high in one of every three patients. TBGA scores (p<0.001, OR=1.912 [1.596-2.291]) and calf circumference (p=0.013, OR=1.159 [1.032-1.301]) were found to be independent variables in the development of falls.
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that osteoporosis/osteopenia and sarcopenia were common in elderly patients, while balance, handgrip strength, calf circumference, and age were predictors of falling. Considering that with the aging global population, both sarcopenia and osteoporosis will become more common and therefore an increase in falls, our findings have shown that the parameters determined in the follow-up and treatment of elderly patients can be easily used in the early detection of fall risk.

Keywords

balance, elderly, fall, osteosarcopenia

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