İslam felsefesinin en önemli düşünürlerinden biri olan İbn Sînâ, başta
metafizik olmak üzere tıp, fizik, matematik gibi çağının neredeyse bütün
bilimleri üzerine çalışmış ve bu alanlarda birçok önemli eser yazmıştır. Onun
önemli eserlerinden biri de dönemin felsefî bilimlerini kapsayan Dânişnâme-i
‘alâî’dir. Dânişnâme-i ‘alâî, genel itibari ile onun külliyat
niteliğindeki eş-Şifâ’nın bir özeti niteliğini taşımaktadır; ancak bu
eser İbn Sînâ’nın, meşşâî felsefesi eksenindeki görüşlerini didaktik bir tarzda
en net biçimde ortaya koyduğu ve Farsça kaleme aldığı ansiklopedik bir
çalışmadır. Bu çalışmamızda Dânişnâme-i ‘alâî’yi hem şekil hem de içerik
bakımından tanıtıp onu İbn Sînâ’nın diğer önemli eserleri eş-Şifâ, en-Necât
ve el-İşârât ve’t-tenbîhât ile karşılaştırmasını yaptıktan sonra onun İbn Sînâ felsefesi
içerisindeki yeri ve önemini ortaya koymaya çalıştık. Bunu yaparken sosyal
bilimlerin ve felsefenin temel yöntemlerinden olan anlama, yorumlama,
eleştirme, mukayese etme ve değerlendirmeye dayalı bir metot izledik.
Avicenna is one of the most important thinkers
of Islamic Philosophy. He added a number of original forms to Islamic
philosophy, which began with al-Kindi and systematized with al-Farabi, and thus
became an authority of thought that the Muslim or Western thinkers of the time
were based on or criticized.
He worked on almost all the sciences of his
time, especially in metaphysics, medicine, logic, physics, music, mathematics,
and wrote many important works in these fields. Undoubtedly, the greatest and
most important work of Avicenna is al-Şifâ. This book is a huge
work which includes the sciences of that period such as logic, physics and
metaphysics and deals with Avicenna's rational philosophy in detail. Other than
this, al-Necât which is the summary of al-Şifâ and al-İşârât
ve al-tenbîhât, are among the important works of Avicenna in the style of
encyclopedia.
One of the most important works of Avicenna is Dânişnâme-i
‘alâî. Dânişnâme-i ‘alâî is a work that includes sciences such as
logic, physics, metaphysics and mathematics. Avicenna wrote this work in
Persian and dedicated it to the sultan Izzeddin Alâuddevle Ebu Cafer Muhammed b.
Doşmanziyâr. At the same time, Dânişnâme-i ‘alâî is accepted as the
first encyclopedic philosophical work written in Persian.
In general, Dânişnâme-i ‘alâî is like a
summary of his al-Şifâ, which is a corpus; however, this work is an
encyclopedic work which Avicenna put forward his views in the didactic manner.
This work is written by Avicenna completely on the axis of Aristotle
philosophy. In this respect, it is similar to al-Şifâ and al-Necât
but not much like the el-İşârât ve't-tenbîhât. Dânişnâme-i alâî, which
was written by Avicenna in Persian, was the source of el-Gazzâlî, and using
this work, he later wrote a book called Makâsıd al-Felâsife.
In this study, after introducing Dânişnâme-i
'alâî both in terms of form and content, and comparing it with the other
important works of Avicenna’s al-Şifâ, al-Necât and al-İşârât ve al-tenbîhât,
we tried to reveal its place and importance in the philosophy of Avicenne. This
study revealed that Avicenna did not move away from rational philosophy even at
the end of her life. Because there were strong claims that with the philosophy
he put forward in al-İşârât ve al-tenbîhât he moved away from meşşâî
philosophy and turned to işrâkî philosophy.
In this study, when we put forward the topics
mentioned above we followed a method based on comprehension, interpretation,
criticism, comparison and evaluation, which is one of the basic methods of social
sciences and philosophy.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 27, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 2 |