Examination of External Load Tracking of Professional Football Players

Year 2023, , 821 - 832, 29.10.2023

Sezer Taştan , Sedat Özcan

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1370596

Abstract

Systematic analyzes make it easier to collect important information on the performance of athletes in football, as in many branches of sports. Thanks to the latest technology player tracking systems, it is possible to determine the runs by an athlete during competition or training and at what speed they are. The aim of this study; The aim of this study is to examine the external load monitoring of professional football players in training. A total of 19 male football players, aged (26±3.97 years) with an average height of 173.36±6.02 cm) and an average body weight of (74.36±3.16 kg) participated in the study. Statistical analysis of the study was performed with the help of SPSS 24,0 software using Paired samples t test. The statistical analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between the results of the pre-test and of the post-test values of the total distance (d), maximum speed and average speed [km/h) measurements (p<0.05). The result suggests that determining the external load profile data obtained with a GPS system during the trainings we applied to the football players increases their performance.

Keywords

gps, total distance, external load

Profesyonel Futbolcuların Antrenmanlardaki Dış Yük Takibinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Sistematik analiz futbolda branşında sporcuların performansları hakkında önemli bilgilerin elde edilmesini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Son teknoloji ile Gps sayesinde sporcunun müsabaka veya antrenman içerisinde gerçekleştirmiş olduğu koşular ve bu koşuların saha içerisinde hangi hızlarda gerçekleştirdiğini belirlemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; profesyonel futbolcuların antrenmanlardaki dış yük takibinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya yaşları (26±3,97 yıl), boyları (173,36± 6,02 cm) vücut ağırlığı (74,36±3,16 kg) olan 19 erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Çalışmanın istatistiksel analizi SPSS 24,0 paket programında Paired samples t testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen istatistiksel analiz sonucunda; toplam mesafe (m), maksimum hız ve ortalama hız[km/sa] ölçümlerinin ön ve son test değerlerinin karşılaştırılması sonuçlarında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, futbolculara uyguladığımız antrenmanlar sonucunda Gps sistemiyle elde edilen dış yük profil verilerinin belirlenmesi sporcunun performansını arttırdığını düşünmekteyiz.

Keywords

Gps, Toplam mesafe, Dış yük

References

• Abt, G., ve Lovell, R. (2009). The use of individualized speed and intensity thresholds for determining the distance run at high-intensity in professional soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(9), 893-898.
• Akenhead, R., French, D., Thompson, K. G., ve Hayes, P. R. (2014). The acceleration dependent validity and reliability of 10 Hz GPS. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(5), 562-566.
• Al Haddad, H., Simpson, B. M., Buchheit, M., Di Salvo, V. ve Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2015). Peak match speed and maximal sprinting speed in young soccer players: Effect of age and playing position. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(7), 888-896.
• Al-hazza H, Almuzaını K, Al-refaee S, Sulaıman M, Dafterdar M, Al-ghamedı A., ve Al-khuraiji K. (2001) Aerobic and anaerobic power characteristics of saudi elite soccer players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,41(1):54-61.
• Aquino, R. L., Cruz Gonc ̧Alves, L. G., Palucci Vieira, L. H., De Paula Oliveira, L., Alves, G. F., Pereira Santiago, P. R., ve Puggina, E. F. (2016), Periodization training focused on technical-tactical ability in young soccer players positively affects biochemical markers and game performance. The Journal of Strength ve Conditioning Research 30, 2723–2732.
• Arrones, L. S., Torreno, N., Requena, B., De Villareal, E. S., Casamichana, D., Carlos, J., ve Barbero-Alvarez, D. M. I., Munguia-Izquierdo, D. (2014). Match- play activity profile in professional soccer players during official games and the relationship between external and internal load. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 55(12), 1417-22.
• Atan, S. A., Foskett, A., ve Ali, A. (2016). Motion analysis of match play in New Zealand U13 to U15 age-group soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(9), 2416-2423.
• Bourdon, P. C., Cardinale, M., Murray, A., Gastin, P., Kellmann, M., Varley, M. C., ... ve Cable, N. T. (2017). Monitoring athlete raining loads: Consensus statement. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(Suppl 2), S2-161.
• Bradley P. S, ve Noakes T. D. (2013). Match running performance fluctuations in elite soccer: Indicative of fatigue, pacing or situational influences. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(5), 1627 – 1638.
• Buchheit, M., Simpson, B. M., Peltola, E., ve Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2012). Assessing maximal sprinting speed in highly trained young soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 7(1), 76-78.
• Cardinale, M., ve Varley, M. C. (2017). Wearable training-monitoring technology: Applications, challenges, and opportunities. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(Suppl 2), S2-55.
• Carling, C., Bloomfield, J., Nelsen, L., ve Reilly, T. (2008). The role of motion analysis in elite soccer. Sports Medicine, 38(10), 839-862
• Castillo, D., Weston, M., McLaren, S. J., Cámara, J., ve Yanci, J. (2017). Relationships between ınternal and external match-load ındicators in soccer match officials. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(7), 922-927.
• Chamari, K., Hachana, Y., Ahmed, Y. B., Galy, O., Sghaier, F., Chatard, J. C., ve Wisløff, U. (2004). Field and laboratory testing in young elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(2), 191-196.
• Chmura P, P., Konefał, M., Andrzejewski, M., Kosowski, J., Rokita, A., ve Chmura, J. (2017). Physical activity profile of 2014 FIFA World Cup players, with regard to different ranges of air temperature and relative humidity. International Journal of Biometeorology, 61, 677–684
• Coutts, A. J., ve Duffield, R. (2010). Validity and reliability of GPS devices for measuring movement demands of team sports.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(1), 133-135.
• Cummins, C., Orr, R., O’Connor, H., ve West, C. (2013). Global positioning systems (GPS) and microtechnology sensors in team sports: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 43(10), 1025-1042.
• Di Prampero, P. E., Fusi, S., Sepulcri, L., Morin, J. B., Belli, A., ve Antonutto, G. (2005). Sprint running: a new energetic approach. Journal of Experimental Biology, 208(14), 2809-2816.
• Di Salvo, V., Baron, R., Tschan, H., Calderon Montero, F., Bacl, N., ve Pigozzi, F. (2007), Performance characteristics according to playing position in elite soccer. International Journal of Sport Medicine, 28, 222-227
• Dwyer, D. B., ve Gabbett, T. J. (2012). Global positioning system data analysis: Velocity ranges and a new definition of sprinting for field sport athletes. The Journal of Strength ve Conditioning Research, 26(3), 818-824.
• Eniseler, N. (2010). Bilimin ışığında futbol antrenmanı. (Birinci Baskı). İzmir: Birleşik Matbaacılık, 2,245.
• Faude, O, Koch, T., ve Meyer, T. (2012) Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football. Journal Sports Science 30, 625-631
• Gabbett, T. J. (2016). The training—injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder?. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(5), 273-280.
• Hackney, A. C. (2013). Clinical management of immuno-suppression in athletes associated with exercise training: sports medicine considerations. Acta Medica Iranica, 51(11), 751-756.
• Halson, S. L. (2014). Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes. Sports Medicine, 44(2), 139-147.
• Haugen, T., ve Seiler, S. (2015). Physical and physiological testing of soccer players: why, what and how should we measure. Sportscience, 19, 10-26.
• Hewitt, A. (2016). Performance analysis in soccer: applications of player tracking technology. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Canberra.
• Hoppe, M. W., Slomka, M., Baumgart, C., Weber, H., ve Freiwald, J. (2015). Match running performance and success across a season in German Bundesliga soccer teams. International Journal of Sport Medicine, 36, 563–566.
• Impellizzeri, F., Rampinini, E., ve Marcora, S. M. (2005) Physiological assesment pf aerobic trainging in soccer. Journal Sports Science, 23, 583-592.
• Jennings, D., Cormack, S., Coutts, A. J., Boyd, L., ve Aughey, R. J. (2010).The validity and reliability of GPS units for measuring distance in team sport specific running patterns. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 5(3), 328341.
• Kılıç, T. ve Toşur, M. A. A. (2018). A Comparison of Some Parameters of Football Players According to the Leagues They Play In. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(11), 135-142.
• Kılıç, T. ve Toşur, M. A. A. (2018). Futbolcuların Statülerine Göre Bazı Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması. Journal of International Social Research, 11(61), 1283-1291.
• Kılıçoğlu, A., Kurt, A. İ., Tepeköylü, S., Cingöz, A., ve Akça, E. (2003). Türkiye ulusal sabit GPS istasyonları ağı (Tusaga). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Jeodezik Ağlar Çalıştayı Bildirileri, s, 44, 2003.
• Kurtay, M., ve Kılıç, T. (2021). Examining the mental toughness levels of young football players. Ambient Science , vol.08(Sp1), no.1, pp.24-29,
• Lago, C., Casais, L ominguez, E., ve Sampaio, J. (2010) The effects of situational variables on distance covered at various speeds in elite soccer. Europen Journal Sport Science, 10, 103-109
• McGuigan, M. (2017). Monitoring training and performance in athletes. Human Kinetics.
• Mendez-Villanueva, A., Buchheit, M., Simpson, B., ve Bourdon, P. C. (2013). Match play intensity distribution in youth soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(02), 101-110.
• Mendez-Villanueva, A., Buchheit, M., Simpson, B., Peltola, E. S. A., ve Bourdon, P. (2011). Does on-field sprinting performance in young soccer players depend on how fast they can run or how fast they do run?. The Journal of Strength ve Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2634-2638.
• Osman, P., Erkan, G., Bekir, Ç., Serdar, S., ve Metin, P. (2010). Determining some physical parameters of soccer and in door soccer players. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education ve Sport/Science, Movement ve Health, 10(2).
• Pilis, K., Stec, K., Witkowski, Z., Stanula, A., Gabrys, T., ve Mikołajec, K. (2018, May). Workloads of young soccer players. InProceedings of the International Scientific Conference. Volume IV (Vol. 199, p. 210).
• Rampinini, E., Alberti, G., Fiorenza, M., Riggio, M., Sassi, R., Borges, T. O., ve Coutts, A. J. (2015). Accuracy of GPS devices for measuring high-intensity running in field-based team sports. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(01), 49-53.
• Rampinini, E., Impellizzeri, F. M., Castagna, C., Coutts, A. J., ve Wisløff, U. (2009). Technical performance during soccer matches of the Italian Serie A league: Effect of fatigue and competitive level. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12(1), 227-233.
• Scott, M. T., Scott, T. J., ve Kelly, V. G. (2016). The validity and reliability of global positioning systems in team sport: a brief.
• Sparks, M., Coetzee, B., ve Gabbett, T. J. (2017). Internal and external match loads of university-level soccer players: A comparison between methods. The Journal of Strength ve Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1072-1077.
• Stølen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., ve Wisløff, U. (2005). Physiology of soccer. Sports Medicine, 35(6), 501-536.
• Svensson, M. ve Drust, B. (2005). Testing soccer players.Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 601-618.
• Taylor, J. B., Mellalieu, D., James, N., ve Shearer, D. A. (2008), The influence of match location, quality of opposition, and match status on technical performance in professional association football. Journal Sports, 26, 885-895
• Townshend, A. D., Worringham, C. J., ve Stewart, I. B. (2008). Assessment of speed and position during human locomotion using nondifferential GPS. Medicine ve Science in Sports ve Exercise, 40(1), 124-132.
• Varley, M. C., Fairweather, I. H., ve Aughey, R. J. (2012). Validity and reliability of GPS for measuring instantaneous velocity during acceleration, deceleration, and constant motion. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(2), 121-127.
• Yarayan, Y. E., Yıldız, A. B., Gülşen, D. B. A., ve İlhan, E. L., (2020). Futbolculuk Seviyesi Prososyal ve Antisosyal Davranışların Bir Belirleyicisi Midir? Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(4), 125-133.