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Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India

Year 2023, Volume: 38 Issue: 2, 89 - 96, 15.05.2023

Hemath Naveen Krishnam Shankar Porchelvan Ponnusamy

https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221221201

Abstract

The freshwater ecosystem is deteriorating and becoming more polluted due to industrialization, urbanization, and increasing industries. This study is about the bacteriological and physicochemi-cal properties of the lake water in Gudiyattam town and its surroundings. For this research, samples of lake water from different locations were collected monthly during the period from May 2019 to April 2020 and analyzed based on standard procedures. The physicochemical parameters and bac-teriological analyses were studied for all four lakes (S1, S2, S3 and S4). The bacterial analysis results showed the presence of coliform bacteria in all lakes. The most dominant value of the MPN index for total coliform number was determined as 80,000 MPN/100mL, at S4 (Valathur) location during monsoon season. It is understood from the fecal coliform count that location S4 was again found to be dominant when compared to the other lakes, with a result of 8,500MPN/100mL in the mon-soon season. The possible reason for the high bacteriological values is thought to be the mixing of drainage waters into the lakes. The MPN value was higher in the monsoon season compared to the pre-monsoon season, which indicates that agricultural runoff occurs in the monsoon season. All the lakes were contaminated with bacterial populations, especially at location S4, which needs the most attention among all the lakes. The above-selected lakes are major surveilling factors for hu-mans for various activities.

Keywords

Lake water bacterial study Escherichia coli Gudiyattam

Thanks

We wish to thank the Vellore Institute of Technology in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India for their unending assistance and encouragement

References

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  • Mijin Seo, Haejin Lee & Yongseok Kim. (2019). Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea, Water, 11(6), 1171. https://doi. org/10.3390/w11061171 google scholar
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  • Murphy, C. M., Strawn, L. K., Chapin, T. K., McEgan, R., Gopidi, S., Friedrich, L., & Danyluk, M. D. (2022). Factors Associated with E. coli Levels in and Salmonella Contamination of Agricultural Water Differed Between North and South Florida Waterways. Frontiers in Water, 3, 750673. google scholar
  • Pereira, V. M. G., Gomes, R. B., & do Carmo, M. V. (2011). Correlation between Escherichia coli and limnological variables in water samples of the Lagoa da Maraponga, Fortaleza, Ceara State, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, 33(2), 145-151. google scholar
  • Prakash, A.V (2005). Water Quality Study on Rivers in Sarawak. Bachelor's Thesis, University Malaysia Sarawak, Samarahan, Malaysia. google scholar
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  • Ramanibai, R. (1996). Seasonal and spatial abundance of pollution indicator bacteria in Buckingham canal madras. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 17(2),110-114. google scholar
  • Reghunath, R., Murthy, T.R.S., Raghavan, B.R. (2002). The utility of multivariate statistical techniques in hydrogeochemical studies: an example from Karnataka, India. Water Research, 36, 2437-42. https:// doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00490-0 google scholar
  • Schlosser, Bitton, D.G., Wastewater Microbiology. X + 478 S., 227 Abb., 81 Tab. New York—Chichester-Brisbane—Toronto—Singapore (1994). Wiley-Liss. ISBN: 0-471-30985-0. J. Basic Microbiol. (1995), 35, 216. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620350403 google scholar
  • Shariq, M., Singh, S., Farooq, U., Dhariyal, K.K., Singh, K., Kaur, N. (2016). Presumptive coliform count in water sample collected from different sites of a university, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. International Journal of Scientific Study,3, 91-96. 10.17354/ijss/2016/128 google scholar
  • Simeonova, P., Simeonov, V., Andreev, G. (2003). Water quality study of the Struma River Basin, Bulgaria. Central European Journal of Chemistry, 1,136-212. https://doiorg/10.2478/BF0247926426. google scholar
  • Singh, K.P, Malik, A., Mohan, D., Sinha, S. (2004). Multivariate statistical techniques for the valuation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)-a case study. WaterResearch, 38, 3980-92 https://doi.org/10.1016/j-.watres.2004.06.011 google scholar
  • World Health Organization (WHO) (2018). Diarrhoeal Disease. Available online: http://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease (accessed on 22 July 2018). google scholar
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Year 2023, Volume: 38 Issue: 2, 89 - 96, 15.05.2023

Hemath Naveen Krishnam Shankar Porchelvan Ponnusamy

https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221221201

Abstract

Keywords

Lake water bacterial study Eschericia coli Gudiyattam.

References

  • APHA (American Public Health Association) (2012). USA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater American Water works Association. 22nd edn. Washington DC, USA. google scholar
  • Barcina, I., Arana, I., Iriberri, J., & Egea, L. (1986). Factors affecting the survival of E. coli in a river. Hydrobiologia, 141(3), 249-253. https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF00014218 google scholar
  • Bhuyian, A. M. (1979). Effect of industrial pollution on the biology of the Karnafully River. M. Phill Thesis, Department of Zoology, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh,164 google scholar
  • BIS (Bur5eau of Indian Standards),2012. 10500 Indian standard drinking water-specification, second revision. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi google scholar
  • Cho, W.H. & Song, M.H. (2008). Effects of Wangjing livestock wastewater on the Mankyung river basin on the coliforms. J. Korean Soc. Environ. Technol., 9, 157-164. google scholar
  • CPCB. (2001). Water Quality Status of Lakes & Reservoirs in Delhi. google scholar
  • Crabill, C., Donald, R., Snelling, J., Foust, R. & Southam, G. (1999). The impact of sediment fecal coliform reservoirs on seasonal water quality in Oak Creek, Arizona. Water Research, 33, 2163-2171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00437-0 google scholar
  • Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific; State of the Environment in Asia and Pacific 2000. Available online: https://www. unescap.org/resources/state-environment-asia-and-pacific-2000(accessed on 15 September 2018). google scholar
  • Ekhaise, F.O. & Omoigberale, M.O. (2011). Bacteriological and physicochemical qualities of Ebutte River in Ebutte Community, Uhunmwonde local government area, Edo State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 15, 663-673. google scholar
  • Escamilla, V., Knappett, P S. K., Yunus, M., Streatfield, P K., & Emch, M. (2013). Influence of latrine proximity and type on tubewell water quality and diarrheal disease in Bangladesh. The Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 103, 299-308. doi: 10.1080/00045608.2013.756257 google scholar
  • Frena, M., Santos, A.PS., Souza, M.R.R., Carvalho, S.S., Madureira, L.A.S. & Alexandre, M.R. (2019). Sterol biomarkers and fecal coliforms in a tropical estuary: Seasonal distribution and sources. Marine pollution bulletin,139,111-116. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.007 google scholar
  • Hemath Naveen, K.S., & Brijesh Nair. (2022). Assessment of Lake Water Quality in Gudiyattam Region using Multivariate Statistical Techniques. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques,10,92-102. https://doi.org/10.47277/JETT/10(1)102 google scholar
  • Kindiki, S., Kollenberg, M., Siamba, D., Sifuna, A., &Wekesa, C. (2018). Analysis of fecal coliform levels at watering points along the upper reaches of river Isiukhu in Kakamega County, Kenya. Journal of Advances in Microbiology,10, 1-7 10.9734/JAMB/2018/39522 google scholar
  • Kotti, M.E., Vlessidis, A.G., Thanasoulias, N.C. & Evmiridis, N.P (2005). Assessment of river water quality in Northwestern Greece. Water Resources Management,19,77-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-005-0294-z google scholar
  • Lee, H.J., Park, H.K., Lee, J.H., Park, A.R. & Cheon, S.U. (2016). Coliform pollution status of Nakdong river and tributaries. Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment,32, 271-280. doi: 10.15681/KSWE.2016.32.3.271 google scholar
  • Legenre, P, Baleux, B.& Troussellier, M. (1984). Dynamics of pollution indicator and heterotrophic bacteria in sewage treatment lagoons. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 48,586-593. 10.1128/ aem.48.3.586-593.1984 google scholar
  • Leong, S. S., Ismail, J., Denil, N. A., Sarbini, S. R., Wasli, W., & Debbie, A. (2018). Microb iological and physicochemical water quality assessments of river water in an industrial region of the northwest Coast of Borneo. Water, 10(11), 1648. google scholar
  • Mahmood, N., Chowdhury, M.S.U., Hossain, M.M., Haider, S.M.B.& Chowdhury, S.R. (1992). google scholar Review of the state of environment relating to marine fisheries of Bangladesh. Country status report. BOBP (FAO) MS. CU, 85 google scholar
  • McCoy, F. & Olson, H.(1986). Relationship among turbidity, particle counts and bacteriological quality within water distribution lines. Water Research, 20(8),1023-1029. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(86)90045-X google scholar
  • Mijin Seo, Haejin Lee & Yongseok Kim. (2019). Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea, Water, 11(6), 1171. https://doi. org/10.3390/w11061171 google scholar
  • Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. (2010). Conservation and management of Lakes - An Indian Perspective, National River Conservation Directorate google scholar
  • Murphy, C. M., Strawn, L. K., Chapin, T. K., McEgan, R., Gopidi, S., Friedrich, L., & Danyluk, M. D. (2022). Factors Associated with E. coli Levels in and Salmonella Contamination of Agricultural Water Differed Between North and South Florida Waterways. Frontiers in Water, 3, 750673. google scholar
  • Pereira, V. M. G., Gomes, R. B., & do Carmo, M. V. (2011). Correlation between Escherichia coli and limnological variables in water samples of the Lagoa da Maraponga, Fortaleza, Ceara State, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, 33(2), 145-151. google scholar
  • Prakash, A.V (2005). Water Quality Study on Rivers in Sarawak. Bachelor's Thesis, University Malaysia Sarawak, Samarahan, Malaysia. google scholar
  • Rajamanickam, R., Nagan, S. (2016). A Study on Water Quality Status of Major Lakes in Tamil google scholar Nadu, International Journal of Research in Environmental Science (IJRES), 2(2), 9-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0202003 google scholar
  • Ramanibai, R. (1996). Seasonal and spatial abundance of pollution indicator bacteria in Buckingham canal madras. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 17(2),110-114. google scholar
  • Reghunath, R., Murthy, T.R.S., Raghavan, B.R. (2002). The utility of multivariate statistical techniques in hydrogeochemical studies: an example from Karnataka, India. Water Research, 36, 2437-42. https:// doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00490-0 google scholar
  • Schlosser, Bitton, D.G., Wastewater Microbiology. X + 478 S., 227 Abb., 81 Tab. New York—Chichester-Brisbane—Toronto—Singapore (1994). Wiley-Liss. ISBN: 0-471-30985-0. J. Basic Microbiol. (1995), 35, 216. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620350403 google scholar
  • Shariq, M., Singh, S., Farooq, U., Dhariyal, K.K., Singh, K., Kaur, N. (2016). Presumptive coliform count in water sample collected from different sites of a university, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. International Journal of Scientific Study,3, 91-96. 10.17354/ijss/2016/128 google scholar
  • Simeonova, P., Simeonov, V., Andreev, G. (2003). Water quality study of the Struma River Basin, Bulgaria. Central European Journal of Chemistry, 1,136-212. https://doiorg/10.2478/BF0247926426. google scholar
  • Singh, K.P, Malik, A., Mohan, D., Sinha, S. (2004). Multivariate statistical techniques for the valuation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)-a case study. WaterResearch, 38, 3980-92 https://doi.org/10.1016/j-.watres.2004.06.011 google scholar
  • World Health Organization (WHO) (2018). Diarrhoeal Disease. Available online: http://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease (accessed on 22 July 2018). google scholar
  • Worcester, M. & Coe, L. (2010). Calcium kidney stones. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(10), 954-963 10.1056/NEJMcp1001011 google scholar
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Hydrobiology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hemath Naveen Krishnam Shankar This is me 0000-0003-2364-0345

Porchelvan Ponnusamy 0000-0002-5263-0077

Publication Date May 15, 2023
Submission Date December 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 38 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Krishnam Shankar, H. N., & Ponnusamy, P. (2023). Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 38(2), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221221201
AMA Krishnam Shankar HN, Ponnusamy P. Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India. Aqua Sci Eng. May 2023;38(2):89-96. doi:10.26650/ASE20221221201
Chicago Krishnam Shankar, Hemath Naveen, and Porchelvan Ponnusamy. “Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia Coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 38, no. 2 (May 2023): 89-96. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221221201.
EndNote Krishnam Shankar HN, Ponnusamy P (May 1, 2023) Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 38 2 89–96.
IEEE H. N. Krishnam Shankar and P. Ponnusamy, “Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India”, Aqua Sci Eng, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 89–96, 2023, doi: 10.26650/ASE20221221201.
ISNAD Krishnam Shankar, Hemath Naveen - Ponnusamy, Porchelvan. “Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia Coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 38/2 (May 2023), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221221201.
JAMA Krishnam Shankar HN, Ponnusamy P. Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India. Aqua Sci Eng. 2023;38:89–96.
MLA Krishnam Shankar, Hemath Naveen and Porchelvan Ponnusamy. “Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia Coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 38, no. 2, 2023, pp. 89-96, doi:10.26650/ASE20221221201.
Vancouver Krishnam Shankar HN, Ponnusamy P. Seasonal Distribution of Escherichia coli and Relationship Among Physicochemical Parameters in Lake Water in the Gudiyattam Area, Tamil Nadu, India. Aqua Sci Eng. 2023;38(2):89-96.
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