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VEKÂLET TEORİSİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE YÖNETİM KURULU ÇEŞİTLENDİRMESİ VE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS İLİŞKİSİ: YATIRIM KURULUŞLARI ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 38 - 54, 30.01.2021

Abstract

İşletmeler için önemli bir kurumsal yönetim mekanizması olan yönetim kurulu, yöneticiler ve işletme sahipleri arasındaki çıkar çatışmalarını asgari düzeye indirgeyerek ve aktif bir denetim yapısı sunarak finansal performans üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformu’nda (KAP) yatırım kuruluşları olarak listelenen işletmelerin, yönetim kurulu çeşitlendirmesi ile finansal performansı arasındaki ilişkinin vekâlet teorisi çerçevesinde ölçülmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Analizlerde 102 yatırım kuruluşunun 2014-2019 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada yönetim kurulu çeşitlendirmesi değişkenleri; yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü, CEO ikiliği, bağımsız üye sayısı, kadın üye sayısı ve yabancı üye sayısından oluşmaktadır. Finansal performans ölçütü olarak muhasebe temelli Aktif Karlılık Oranı (ROA) tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, yatırım kuruluşları için yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü, CEO ikiliği ve kadın üye sayısı ile finansal performans arasındaki ilişki istatistiki olarak anlamsızdır. Bağımsız üye sayısı ve yabancı üye sayısı ile finansal performans arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • ABİDİN, Z. Z., KAMAL, N. M. ve JUASOFF, K. (2009). Board Structure and Corporate Performance in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 1 (1), 151-164.
  • ADAMS, R. B. ve FERREIRA, D. (2009). Women in The Boardroom and Their Impact on Governance and Performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94 (2), 291-309.
  • AGORAKI, M-E.K., DELIS, M.D. ve STAIKOURAS, P.K. (2010). The Effect of Board Size and Composition on Bank Efficiency. Int. J. Banking, Accounting and Finance, 2 (4), 357–386.
  • ALBAYRAK, A. S. (2005). Çoklu Doğrusal Bağlantı Halinde En Küçük Kareler Tekniğinin Alternatifi Yanlı Tahmin Teknikleri ve Bir Uygulama. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1 (1), 105-126.
  • ANDRES de P., AZOFRA, V. ve LOPEZ, F. (2005). Corporate Boards in OECD Countries: Size, Composition, Functioning and Effectiveness. Corporate Governance An International Review, 13 (2), 197-210.
  • ATILGAN, Ö. (2017). Yönetim Kurulu Büyüklüğü, Bağımsız Üye Oranı ve Kadın Üye Oranı ile Finansal Performans İlişkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32 (2), 315-354.
  • BRAHMA, S., NWAFOR, C. ve BOATENG, A. (2020). Board Gender Diversity and Firm Performance: The UK Evidence. International Journal of Finance &Economics, 1-16.
  • CARTER, D. A., D’SOUZA, F, SIMKINS, B. J. ve SIMPSON, W. G. (2010), The Gender and Ethnic Diversity of US Boards and Board Committees and Firm Financial Performance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 18 (5), 396-414.
  • CARTY, R. ve WEISS, G. (2012). Does CEO Duality Affect Corporate Performance? Evidence From the US Banking Crisis. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 20 (1), 26-40.
  • CHEN, C-W., LIN, J.B. ve YI, B. (2008). Ceo Duality and Firm Performance-An Endogenous Issue. Corporate Ownership & Control, 6 (1), 58-65.
  • CHOİ, J. J., PARK, S. W. ve YOO, S. S. (2007). The Value of Outside Directors: Evidence From Corporate Governance Reform in Korea. The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 42 (4), 941-962.
  • DOĞAN, M. ve TOPAL, Y. (2016). Yönetim Kurulundaki Yabancı Üye Sayısının ve Yabancı Sahipliğinin Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi. Ege Academic Review, 16 (1), 31-48.
  • DURU, A., IYENGAR, R. J. ve ZAMPELLI, E. M. (2016). The Dynamic Relationship Between CEO Duality and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Board Independence. Journal of Business Research, 69 (10), 4269-4277.
  • EISENBERG, T., SUNDGREN, S. ve WELLS, M. T. (1998). Larger Board Size and Decreasing Firm Value in Small Firms. Journal of Financial Economics, 48 (1), 35-54.
  • EISENHARDT, K. M. (1989). Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review. Academy of Management Review, 14 (1), 57-74.
  • ELSAYED, K. (2007). Does CEO Duality Really Affect Corporate Performance? Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15 (6), 1203-1214.
  • FERNANDES, N. (2008). EC: Board Compensation and Firm Performance: The Role of “Independent” Board Members. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 18 (1), 30-44.
  • GAUR, S. S., BATHULA, H. ve SINGH, D. (2015). Ownership Concentration, Board Characteristics and Firm Performance. Management Decision, 53 (5), 911-931.
  • HENG, T. B., AZRBAIJANI, S. ve SAN, O. T. (2012). Board of Directors and Capital Structure: Evidence from Leading Malaysian Companies. Canadian Center of Science and Education, 8 (3), 123-136.
  • HILLMAN, A. J. ve DALZIEL, T. (2003). Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: Integrating Agency and Resource Dependence Perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 28 (3), 383-396.
  • JENSEN, M. C. (1993). The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit and the Failure of Internal Control Systems. The Journal of Finance, 48 (3), 831-880.
  • JERMIAS, J. ve GANI, L. (2014). The Impact of Board Capital and Board Characteristics on Firm Performance. The British Acoounting Review, 46 (2), 135-153.
  • KAROĞLU, E. (2016). Vekâlet Kuramı Perspektifinden Yönetim Kurulu Kompozisyonunun Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: BİST İmalat Sektörü Örneği. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 2 (1), 65-77.
  • KESKİN, H., AKGÜN, A. E. ve KOÇOĞLU, İ. (2016). Örgüt Teorisi. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • KILIÇ, M. ve KUZEY, C. (2016). The Effect of Board Gender Diversity on Firm Performance: Evidence from Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 31 (7), 434-455.
  • KILIÇ, M. ve AYRIÇAY, Y. (2018). Yönetim Kurulu ve Sahiplik Yapısının Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: BIST İmalat Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Alan Araştırması. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20 (2), 177-192.
  • KOUAIB, A., MIHRI, S. ve JARBOUI, A. (2020). Board of Directors’ Effectiveness and Sustainable Performance: The Triple Bottom Line. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 31 (2), 1-11.
  • LEFORT, F. ve URZÚA, F. (2008). Board Independence, Firm Performance and Ownership Concentration: Evidence from Chile. Journal of Business Research, 61 (6), 615-622.
  • LIPTON, M. ve LORSCH, J. W. (1992). A Modest Proposal for Improved Corporate Governance. The Business Lawyer, 48 (1), 59-77.
  • LIU, Y., MILETKOV, M. K., WEI, Z. ve YANG, T. (2015). Board Independence and Firm Performance in China. Journal of Corporate Finance, 30, 223-244.
  • MI CHOI, H., SUL, W. ve MIN, S. K. (2012). Foreign Board Membership and Firm Value in Korea. Management Decision, 50 (2), 207-233.
  • OXELHEIM, L. ve RANDØY, L. (2003). The Impact of Foreign Board Membership on Firm Value. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27 (12), 2369-2392.
  • RASHID, A., ZOYSA, A. D., LODH, S. ve RUDKIN, K. (2010). Board Composition and Firm Performance: Evidence from Bangladesh. Australasian Accounting Business and Finance Journal, 4 (1), 76-95.
  • RECHNER, P.L. ve DALTON, D. R. (1989). The Impact of CEO as Board Chairperson on Corporate Performance: Evidence vs. Rhetoric. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 3 (2), 141-143.
  • ROMANO, G. ve GUERRINI, A. (2014). The Effects of Ownership, Board Size and Board Composition on The Performance of Italian Water Utilities. Utilities Policy, 31, 18-28.
  • SAIBABA, MD. ve ANSARI, V. A. (2012). Impact of Board Size: An Empirical Study of Companies Listed in BSE 100 Index. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 5 (2), 108-119.
  • TERZİ, S., ŞEN, İ. K. ve SOLAK, B. (2014). Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamalarının Denetim Kalitesine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul’da Ampirik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 10 (23), 191-206.
  • UADILE, O. M. (2010). The Impact of Board Structure on Corporate Financial Performance in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (10), 155-166.
  • WALSH, J. P. ve SEWARD, J. K. (1990). On The Efficiency of Internal and External Corporate Control Mechanisms. Academy of Management Review, 15 (3), 421-458.
  • YAĞLI, İ. (2019). Yönetim Kurulu Çeşitliliği – Finansal Performans İlişkisi: Türk Bankacılık Sektörü Örneği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 37 (3), 565-585.
  • YANG, T. ve ZHAO, S. (2014). Ceo Duality and Firm Performance: Evidence From An Exogenous Shock to The Competitive Environment. Journal of Banking & Finance, 49, 534-552.
  • YERMACK, D. (1996). Higher Market Valuation of Companies with a Small Board of Directors. Journal of Financial Economics, 40, 185-211.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF BOARD DIVERSIFICATION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE AGENCY THEORY: THE EXAMPLE OF INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 38 - 54, 30.01.2021

Abstract

As an important corporate governance mechanism for businesses, the board of directors has an impact on financial performance by minimizing conflicts of interest between managers and business owners and providing an active audit structure. In this study, it is aimed to measure the relationship between board diversification and financial performance of enterprises listed as investment institutions in the Public Disclosure Platform (PDP) within the framework of agency theory. Annual data of 102 investment institutions for the period 2014-2019 were used in the analyses. In the study, board diversification variables consist of board size, CEO duality, number of independent members, number of female members and number of foreign members. Accounting-based Return on Assets (ROA) was preferred as a measure of financial performance. As a result of the study, the relationship between the size of the board of directors, CEO duality and the number of female members and financial performance for investment firms is statistically insignificant. It has been revealed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the number of independent members and the number of foreign members and financial performance.

References

  • ABİDİN, Z. Z., KAMAL, N. M. ve JUASOFF, K. (2009). Board Structure and Corporate Performance in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 1 (1), 151-164.
  • ADAMS, R. B. ve FERREIRA, D. (2009). Women in The Boardroom and Their Impact on Governance and Performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94 (2), 291-309.
  • AGORAKI, M-E.K., DELIS, M.D. ve STAIKOURAS, P.K. (2010). The Effect of Board Size and Composition on Bank Efficiency. Int. J. Banking, Accounting and Finance, 2 (4), 357–386.
  • ALBAYRAK, A. S. (2005). Çoklu Doğrusal Bağlantı Halinde En Küçük Kareler Tekniğinin Alternatifi Yanlı Tahmin Teknikleri ve Bir Uygulama. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1 (1), 105-126.
  • ANDRES de P., AZOFRA, V. ve LOPEZ, F. (2005). Corporate Boards in OECD Countries: Size, Composition, Functioning and Effectiveness. Corporate Governance An International Review, 13 (2), 197-210.
  • ATILGAN, Ö. (2017). Yönetim Kurulu Büyüklüğü, Bağımsız Üye Oranı ve Kadın Üye Oranı ile Finansal Performans İlişkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32 (2), 315-354.
  • BRAHMA, S., NWAFOR, C. ve BOATENG, A. (2020). Board Gender Diversity and Firm Performance: The UK Evidence. International Journal of Finance &Economics, 1-16.
  • CARTER, D. A., D’SOUZA, F, SIMKINS, B. J. ve SIMPSON, W. G. (2010), The Gender and Ethnic Diversity of US Boards and Board Committees and Firm Financial Performance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 18 (5), 396-414.
  • CARTY, R. ve WEISS, G. (2012). Does CEO Duality Affect Corporate Performance? Evidence From the US Banking Crisis. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 20 (1), 26-40.
  • CHEN, C-W., LIN, J.B. ve YI, B. (2008). Ceo Duality and Firm Performance-An Endogenous Issue. Corporate Ownership & Control, 6 (1), 58-65.
  • CHOİ, J. J., PARK, S. W. ve YOO, S. S. (2007). The Value of Outside Directors: Evidence From Corporate Governance Reform in Korea. The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 42 (4), 941-962.
  • DOĞAN, M. ve TOPAL, Y. (2016). Yönetim Kurulundaki Yabancı Üye Sayısının ve Yabancı Sahipliğinin Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi. Ege Academic Review, 16 (1), 31-48.
  • DURU, A., IYENGAR, R. J. ve ZAMPELLI, E. M. (2016). The Dynamic Relationship Between CEO Duality and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Board Independence. Journal of Business Research, 69 (10), 4269-4277.
  • EISENBERG, T., SUNDGREN, S. ve WELLS, M. T. (1998). Larger Board Size and Decreasing Firm Value in Small Firms. Journal of Financial Economics, 48 (1), 35-54.
  • EISENHARDT, K. M. (1989). Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review. Academy of Management Review, 14 (1), 57-74.
  • ELSAYED, K. (2007). Does CEO Duality Really Affect Corporate Performance? Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15 (6), 1203-1214.
  • FERNANDES, N. (2008). EC: Board Compensation and Firm Performance: The Role of “Independent” Board Members. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 18 (1), 30-44.
  • GAUR, S. S., BATHULA, H. ve SINGH, D. (2015). Ownership Concentration, Board Characteristics and Firm Performance. Management Decision, 53 (5), 911-931.
  • HENG, T. B., AZRBAIJANI, S. ve SAN, O. T. (2012). Board of Directors and Capital Structure: Evidence from Leading Malaysian Companies. Canadian Center of Science and Education, 8 (3), 123-136.
  • HILLMAN, A. J. ve DALZIEL, T. (2003). Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: Integrating Agency and Resource Dependence Perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 28 (3), 383-396.
  • JENSEN, M. C. (1993). The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit and the Failure of Internal Control Systems. The Journal of Finance, 48 (3), 831-880.
  • JERMIAS, J. ve GANI, L. (2014). The Impact of Board Capital and Board Characteristics on Firm Performance. The British Acoounting Review, 46 (2), 135-153.
  • KAROĞLU, E. (2016). Vekâlet Kuramı Perspektifinden Yönetim Kurulu Kompozisyonunun Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: BİST İmalat Sektörü Örneği. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 2 (1), 65-77.
  • KESKİN, H., AKGÜN, A. E. ve KOÇOĞLU, İ. (2016). Örgüt Teorisi. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • KILIÇ, M. ve KUZEY, C. (2016). The Effect of Board Gender Diversity on Firm Performance: Evidence from Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 31 (7), 434-455.
  • KILIÇ, M. ve AYRIÇAY, Y. (2018). Yönetim Kurulu ve Sahiplik Yapısının Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: BIST İmalat Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Alan Araştırması. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20 (2), 177-192.
  • KOUAIB, A., MIHRI, S. ve JARBOUI, A. (2020). Board of Directors’ Effectiveness and Sustainable Performance: The Triple Bottom Line. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 31 (2), 1-11.
  • LEFORT, F. ve URZÚA, F. (2008). Board Independence, Firm Performance and Ownership Concentration: Evidence from Chile. Journal of Business Research, 61 (6), 615-622.
  • LIPTON, M. ve LORSCH, J. W. (1992). A Modest Proposal for Improved Corporate Governance. The Business Lawyer, 48 (1), 59-77.
  • LIU, Y., MILETKOV, M. K., WEI, Z. ve YANG, T. (2015). Board Independence and Firm Performance in China. Journal of Corporate Finance, 30, 223-244.
  • MI CHOI, H., SUL, W. ve MIN, S. K. (2012). Foreign Board Membership and Firm Value in Korea. Management Decision, 50 (2), 207-233.
  • OXELHEIM, L. ve RANDØY, L. (2003). The Impact of Foreign Board Membership on Firm Value. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27 (12), 2369-2392.
  • RASHID, A., ZOYSA, A. D., LODH, S. ve RUDKIN, K. (2010). Board Composition and Firm Performance: Evidence from Bangladesh. Australasian Accounting Business and Finance Journal, 4 (1), 76-95.
  • RECHNER, P.L. ve DALTON, D. R. (1989). The Impact of CEO as Board Chairperson on Corporate Performance: Evidence vs. Rhetoric. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 3 (2), 141-143.
  • ROMANO, G. ve GUERRINI, A. (2014). The Effects of Ownership, Board Size and Board Composition on The Performance of Italian Water Utilities. Utilities Policy, 31, 18-28.
  • SAIBABA, MD. ve ANSARI, V. A. (2012). Impact of Board Size: An Empirical Study of Companies Listed in BSE 100 Index. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 5 (2), 108-119.
  • TERZİ, S., ŞEN, İ. K. ve SOLAK, B. (2014). Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamalarının Denetim Kalitesine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul’da Ampirik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 10 (23), 191-206.
  • UADILE, O. M. (2010). The Impact of Board Structure on Corporate Financial Performance in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (10), 155-166.
  • WALSH, J. P. ve SEWARD, J. K. (1990). On The Efficiency of Internal and External Corporate Control Mechanisms. Academy of Management Review, 15 (3), 421-458.
  • YAĞLI, İ. (2019). Yönetim Kurulu Çeşitliliği – Finansal Performans İlişkisi: Türk Bankacılık Sektörü Örneği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 37 (3), 565-585.
  • YANG, T. ve ZHAO, S. (2014). Ceo Duality and Firm Performance: Evidence From An Exogenous Shock to The Competitive Environment. Journal of Banking & Finance, 49, 534-552.
  • YERMACK, D. (1996). Higher Market Valuation of Companies with a Small Board of Directors. Journal of Financial Economics, 40, 185-211.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zehra Tan

Kıvanç Bal 0000-0002-6724-7142

Publication Date January 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tan, Z., & Bal, K. (2021). VEKÂLET TEORİSİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE YÖNETİM KURULU ÇEŞİTLENDİRMESİ VE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS İLİŞKİSİ: YATIRIM KURULUŞLARI ÖRNEĞİ. Avrasya Sosyal Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 38-54.