Biyodozimetreler: Radyasyon Tespit ve İzlemede Gelişmeler

Başak Ünver Koluman; Meltem Delimanlar; Atakan Konukbay; Ahmet Koluman

Review

Biodosimeters: Advancements in Radiation Detection and Monitoring

Year 2024, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 11 - 34, 02.01.2025

Başak Ünver Koluman , Meltem Delimanlar , Atakan Konukbay , Ahmet Koluman

Abstract

Biyodozimetreler: Radyasyon Tespit ve İzlemede Gelişmeler

ÖZ
Bu derleme, biyolojik tepkileri ölçen biodosimetrelere derinlemesine bir bakış sunarak, insan sağlığı ve çevre için radyasyon maruziyetinin ciddi bir sorun olduğunu ve etkili radyasyon tespit ve izleme sistemlerine ihtiyaç duyulduğunu vurgulamaktadır. İlk bölümde biodosimetrelere ve radyasyon tespitinde ve izlenmesindeki kullanımlarına değinilmektedir. Güvenilir maruziyet seviyesi göstergeleri olarak kabul edilirler ve radyasyon güvenliğinde önemli bir rol oynarlar. Araştırma, kan bileşenlerini ve kromozomal değişiklikleri analiz eden hematolojik ve sitogenetik biyoduyarlı sensörler gibi diğer biyodozimetre türlerine de odaklanmaktadır. Takip eden bölümler, biyodozimetrelere ilişkin işleyiş ve kullanımlara daha detaylı bir bakış sunmaktadır. Biyodozimetrelere, radyasyon maruziyetinin gerçek zamanlı izlenmesine izin verdiği gibi sağlık sorunlarının erken tespitine de olanak tanır. Ayrıca, biyodozimetrelere, tıbbi tedavilerde ve çevresel araştırmalarda hassas doz tahmini yapmada yardımcı olarak, radyasyon olayları sonrası çalışmaları mümkün kılar. Biyodozimetrelere, işyeri radyasyon maruziyet izleme, radyoterapi, nükleer tıp ve çevresel radyasyon izleme gibi alanlarda, ekosistemler üzerindeki radyasyon etkisini incelemek için geniş ölçüde başvurulmaktadır. Son dönemdeki gelişmeler, onların doğruluğunu ve duyarlılığını artırarak, onları giyilebilir cihazlar ve IoT platformları ile entegre ederek basit ve gerçek zamanlı izleme imkanı sunmuştur. Rapor ayrıca, düşük maliyetli, yüksek duyarlılıkta radyasyon tespiti sağlayan bakteriyel biyoduyarlı sensörlerin tanıtımına da vurgu yapmaktadır. Biyodozimetre teknolojisinin ilerlemesi, özelleştirilmiş radyasyon maruziyet izleme ve uzay keşfi koruması için umut vaat etmektedir. Son olarak, biyodozimetreler, geniş bir endüstri yelpazesini kapsayan radyasyon güvenliğinde kritik cihazlar olup, insan sağlığı ve çevre için daha güvenli bir gelecek sağlayarak gerçek zamanlı izleme ve erken risk tespiti sağlar.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Biyodozimetreler; radyasyon; biyoduyarlar; hematoloji; tarama.
Makale Gönderim: 26 Ekim 2023
Makale Kabul:
Makale Yayım:
Biodosimeters: Advancements in Radiation Detection and Monitoring
ABSTRACT
Radiation exposure is a serious problem for both human health and the environment, needing effective radiation detection and monitoring systems. Biodosimeters, which measure biological reactions to radiation, have emerged as cutting-edge technologies in this sector. This study takes an in-depth look at biodosimeters and their uses. The first section discusses biodosimeters and their use in radiation detection and monitoring. They are considered as dependable exposure level indicators and serve an important role in radiation safety. The research then looks into other forms of biodosimeters, such as hematological and cytogenetic biodosensors, which analyze blood components and chromosomal changes, respectively. The sections that follow go into the functioning and uses of biodosimeters in greater detail. They allow for real-time monitoring of radiation exposure as well as early detection of health problems. Furthermore, biodosimeters help with precise dose estimation in medical treatments and environmental investigations, allowing for post-radiation event study. Biodosimeters are widely used to examine the impact of radiation on ecosystems in occupational radiation exposure monitoring, radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, and environmental radiation monitoring. Recent advances have improved their accuracy and sensitivity, allowing them to be integrated with wearable devices and IoT platforms for simple and real-time monitoring. The report also emphasizes the introduction of bacterial biodosensors, which provide low-cost, high-sensitivity radiation detection options. The advancement of biodosimeter technology holds promise for tailored radiation exposure monitoring and space exploration protection. Finally, biodosimeters are critical assets in radiation safety, with applications covering a wide range of industries. They provide real-time monitoring and early risk detection, resulting in a safer and more secure future for human health and the environment.
Keywords: biodosimeters; radiation; biodosensors; hematology; screening.

Keywords

biodosimeters, radiation, biodosensors, hematology, screening

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