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Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 19 - 31, 13.12.2023

Erdal Arslan

https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1262190

Abstract

Turistler ziyaret ettikleri destinasyonlarda zihinlerinde canlandırdığı şeyi görmeyi istemekte, ziyaretlerinde bir anlam aramakta ve ziyaret ettikleri yer ile bir bağ kurmaktadır. Bu çalışma, turistlerin varoş destinasyonlarındaki deneyimlerine ilişkin algılarının doğasına ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından doküman incelemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacıyla bağlantılı olarak küresel ölçekte en popüler varoş turizmi destinasyonlarından biri olan Dharavi’yi ziyaret eden turistlerin ziyaret sonrası anlatıları değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler dünyanın önde gelen çevrimiçi değerlendirme sitesi Tripadvisor’dan elde edilmiştir. Siteden 05.11.2022 ve 12.11.2022 tarihlerinde elde edilen toplam 86 İngilizce anlatı araştırma kapsamına dahil edilerek analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları varoş deneyimlerinin ağırlıklı olarak; deneyim alanı, deneyimin bileşenleri, deneyimin kendisi ve turist rehberi ile ilgili düşünceler üzerinde yoğunlaştığını göstermiştir.

Keywords

Yoksulluk Dharavi Deneyim alamı Turist deneyimi Turist rehberleri

References

  • Amatulli, C., De Angelis, M. ve Stoppani, A. (2019). Analyzing Online Reviews in Hospitality: Data-driven Opportunities for Predicting the Sharing of Negative Emotional Content, Current Issues in Tourism, 22 (15): 1904-1917.
  • Arslan, E. (2022). Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (51): 411-423.
  • Aseye, F. K. ve Opoku, M. (2015). Potential of Slum Tourism in Urban Ghana: A Case Study of Old Fadama (Sodom and Gomorra) Slum in Accra, Journal of Social and Development Sciences, 6 (1): 39-45.
  • Auala, L. S. N., van Zyl, S. R. ve Ferreira, I. W. (2019). Township Tourism as an Agent for the Socio-Economic Well-Being of Residents, African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8 (2): 1-11.
  • Ayeh, J. K., Au, N. ve Law, R. (2013). “Do We Believe in TripAdvisor?” Examining Credibility Perceptions and Online Travelers’ Attitude Toward Using User-Generated Content, Journal of Travel Research, 52 (4): 437-452.
  • Broudehoux, A. M. (2016). Favela Tourism: Negotiating Visitors, Socio-Economic Benefits, Image And Representation in pre-Olympics Rio de Janeiro. İçinde; Protest and Resistance in The Tourist City (ss. 205-223). Routledge.
  • Cambridge Dictionary (2022). https://dictionary.cambridge.org/tr/s%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk/ingilizce/ghetto?q=%E2%80%9CGhetto%E2%80%9D, Erişim Tarihi: 1 Haziran 2023.
  • Chege, P. W. ve Mwisukha, A. (2013). Benefits of Slum Tourism in Kibera Slum in Nairobi, Kenya, International Journal of Arts and Commerce, 2 (4): 94-102.
  • Costa, J. (2013). Slum Tourism as an Economic Activity: Is It Ethical? A Theoretical Review, Indian Journal of Research, 2 (10): 32-34.
  • Crapolicchio, E., Sarrica, M., Rega, I., Norton, L. S. ve Vezzali, L. (2022). Social Representations and Images of Slum Tourism: Effects on Stereotyping, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 90: 97-107.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Denzin, N. ve Lincoln, Y. (2018). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage.
  • Dharavi Slum Tour, https://mumbaidreamtours.com/portfolio/Dharavi-slum-tour/, Erişim Tarihi: 8 Şubat 2023.
  • Diekmann, A. ve Hannam, K. (2012). Touristic Mobilities in India’s Slum Spaces, Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (3): 1315-1336.
  • Frenzel, F., Koens, K., Steinbrink, M. ve Rogerson, C. M. (2015). Slum Tourism: State of the Art, Tourism Review International, 18 (4): 237-252.
  • Frenzel, F. ve Blakeman, S. (2015). Making Slums into Attractions: The Role of Tour Guiding in the Slum Tourism Development in Kibera and Dharavi, Tourism Review International, 19 (1-2): 87-100.
  • George, R. ve Booyens, I. (2014). Township Tourism Demand: Tourists’ Perceptions of Safety and Security, Urban Forum, 25 (4): 449–467.
  • Ghulam, R., Verma, K., Sharma, P., Razdan, M. ve Razdan, R. A. (2016). Drug Abuse in Slum Population, Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 58 (1): 83-86.
  • Griffin, T. ve Muldoon, M. (2022). Exploring Virtual Reality Experiences of Slum Tourism, Tourism Geographies, 24 (6-7): 934-953.
  • Guba, E. G. (1981). Criteria for Assessing The Trustworthiness of Naturalistic Inquiries, Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 29 (2): 75-91.
  • Guba, E. ve Lincoln, Y. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Gülduran, Ç. A. ve Gürdoğan, A. (2022). Yoksulluğun Metalaşması: Gecekondu Turizmi Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Bakış Açısı, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9 (2): 463-475.
  • Habitat UN (2006). The State of the World’s Cities—the Millennium Development Goals and Urban Sustainability. Nairobi: United Nations Habitat Organization.
  • Hofäcker, J. ve Gebauer, M. (2021). Airbnb in Townships of South Africa: A New Experience of Township Tourism?. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. M. Rogerson (Editörler), Urban Tourism in the Global South (ss. 129-147). Switzerland: Springer.
  • Ma, B., (2010). A Trip into the Controversy: A Study of Slum Tourism Travel Motivations. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Amerika: Pensilvanya Üniversitesi.
  • MacCannell, D. (1973). Staged Authenticity: Arrangements of Social Space in Tourist Settings, American Journal of Sociology, 79 (3): 589-603.
  • Marshall, C. ve Rossman, G. B. (2014). Designing Qualitative Research. (6. Baskı). Sage.
  • Mayring, P. (2014). Qualitative Content Analysis: Theoretical Foundation, Basic Procedures and Software Solution. Klagenfurt. Social Science Open Access Repository.
  • Mekawy, M. A. (2012). Responsible Slum Tourism: Egyptian Experience, Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (4): 2092-2113.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Revised and Expanded from Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series.
  • Monroe, E. ve Bishop, P. (2016). Slum Tourism: Helping to Fight Poverty... or Voyeuristic Exploitation. Research Briefing, Tourism Concern, UK https://www.humanrights-in-tourism.net/publication/slum-tourism-helping-fight-poverty-or-voyeuristic-exploitation, Erişim Tarihi: 28 Ocak 2023.
  • Morgan, H. (2022). Conducting a Qualitative Document Analysis, Qualitative Report, 27 (1): 64-77.
  • Mtapuri, O. ve Giampiccoli, A. (2020). Beyond Rural Contexts: Community-Based Tourism for A Better Life in The City, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 8(2): 419-439.
  • Mutlu, Ç. ve Şahin Ören, T. (2021). Gecekondu Turizmi Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 5(2): 182-190.
  • Nisbett, M. (2017). Empowering the Empowered? Slum Tourism and the Depoliticization of Poverty, Geoforum, 85: 37-45.
  • Punch, K. F. (2009). Introduction to Research Methods in Education. Londra: Sage.
  • Rogerson, C. M. ve Saarinen, J. (2018). Tourism for Poverty Alleviation: Issues and Debates in the Global South. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. Saarinen (Editörler) The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management: Applications of Theories and Concepts to Tourism (ss. 22-37). Londra: Sage.
  • Rogerson, C. M. ve Rogerson, J. M. (2021). The Other Half of Urban Tourism: Research Directions in The Global South. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. M. Rogerson (Editörler) Urban Tourism in the Global South: South African Perspectives (ss. 1-37). Switzerland: Springer.
  • Rolfes, M. (2010). Poverty Tourism: Theoretical Reflections and Empirical Findings Regarding an Extraordinary form of Tourism, GeoJournal, 75: 421-442.
  • Shang, Y., Li, F. S. ve Ma, J. (2022). Tourist Gaze upon a Slum Tourism Destination: A Case Study of Dharavi, India, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 52: 478-486.
  • Slum Dreams (2022). https://www.tripadvisor.com.tr/Attraction_Review-g304554-d13444713-Reviews-Slum_Dreams_Tours-Mumbai_Maharashtra.html, Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2022.
  • Steinbrink, M., Frenzel, F. ve Koens, K. (2012). Development and Globalization of a New Trend in Tourism. İçinde; M. Steinbrink, F. Frenzel ve K. Koens (Editörler) Slum Tourism Poverty, Power and Ethics (ss. 1-18). Londra: Routledge.
  • Toker Turan, A. ve Akoğlan Kozak, M. (2012). Kültür Turizminin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Profesyonel Turist Rehberlerinin Rolü: Ankara Örneği. VI. Lisansüstü Turizm Öğrencileri Kongresi (536-549), 12-15 Nisan 2012, Antalya: Kemer.
  • Toker, A. (2019). Gecekondu Turizminde Turist Rehberlerinin İlham Verici Rolü, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 7(4): 3029- 3044.
  • Toker, A. (2021). Covid-19 Salgınının Turizm Medyasındaki Temsili: Turizm Gazetesi Örneği, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(46-1): 1487-1500.
  • Urry, J. (2002) The Tourist Gaze. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Vanessa, O. M. (2014). Favela Tourism: A New Niche to be Developed by Brazil. EuroCHRIE Conference Hospitality and Tourism Futures (119-129), 6-9 Ekim, Birleşik Arap Emrlikleri: Dubai.
  • Yıldız, S. ve Yıldız, Z. (2018). Gecekondu Turizmi: Bir Çözüm Mü? Yoksa Bir Problem Mi?, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 6 (4): 974-992.

Slum Destinations Experience from Tourist Narratives' Perspective

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 19 - 31, 13.12.2023

Erdal Arslan

https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1262190

Abstract

Tourists seek to see what they imagine in destinations they visit, they search for meaning and establish a connection with the destinations. This study aims to shed light on the nature of tourists' perceptions of their experiences in slum destinations. The study employs document analysis, one of the qualitative research approaches. In line with the objective, post-visit narratives of tourists who visited Dharavi, one of the most popular slum tourism destinations globally, were evaluated. Data were obtained from the world's leading online review site, Tripadvisor. A total of 86 narratives obtained in English on 5-12 November 2022, were included in the research and analyzed. The analysis results indicated that slum tourists' experiences were focused primarily on the experience area, the components of the experience, the experience itself, and tourist guides.

Keywords

Poverty Dharavi Experience area Tourist experience Tour guides

References

  • Amatulli, C., De Angelis, M. ve Stoppani, A. (2019). Analyzing Online Reviews in Hospitality: Data-driven Opportunities for Predicting the Sharing of Negative Emotional Content, Current Issues in Tourism, 22 (15): 1904-1917.
  • Arslan, E. (2022). Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (51): 411-423.
  • Aseye, F. K. ve Opoku, M. (2015). Potential of Slum Tourism in Urban Ghana: A Case Study of Old Fadama (Sodom and Gomorra) Slum in Accra, Journal of Social and Development Sciences, 6 (1): 39-45.
  • Auala, L. S. N., van Zyl, S. R. ve Ferreira, I. W. (2019). Township Tourism as an Agent for the Socio-Economic Well-Being of Residents, African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8 (2): 1-11.
  • Ayeh, J. K., Au, N. ve Law, R. (2013). “Do We Believe in TripAdvisor?” Examining Credibility Perceptions and Online Travelers’ Attitude Toward Using User-Generated Content, Journal of Travel Research, 52 (4): 437-452.
  • Broudehoux, A. M. (2016). Favela Tourism: Negotiating Visitors, Socio-Economic Benefits, Image And Representation in pre-Olympics Rio de Janeiro. İçinde; Protest and Resistance in The Tourist City (ss. 205-223). Routledge.
  • Cambridge Dictionary (2022). https://dictionary.cambridge.org/tr/s%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk/ingilizce/ghetto?q=%E2%80%9CGhetto%E2%80%9D, Erişim Tarihi: 1 Haziran 2023.
  • Chege, P. W. ve Mwisukha, A. (2013). Benefits of Slum Tourism in Kibera Slum in Nairobi, Kenya, International Journal of Arts and Commerce, 2 (4): 94-102.
  • Costa, J. (2013). Slum Tourism as an Economic Activity: Is It Ethical? A Theoretical Review, Indian Journal of Research, 2 (10): 32-34.
  • Crapolicchio, E., Sarrica, M., Rega, I., Norton, L. S. ve Vezzali, L. (2022). Social Representations and Images of Slum Tourism: Effects on Stereotyping, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 90: 97-107.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Denzin, N. ve Lincoln, Y. (2018). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage.
  • Dharavi Slum Tour, https://mumbaidreamtours.com/portfolio/Dharavi-slum-tour/, Erişim Tarihi: 8 Şubat 2023.
  • Diekmann, A. ve Hannam, K. (2012). Touristic Mobilities in India’s Slum Spaces, Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (3): 1315-1336.
  • Frenzel, F., Koens, K., Steinbrink, M. ve Rogerson, C. M. (2015). Slum Tourism: State of the Art, Tourism Review International, 18 (4): 237-252.
  • Frenzel, F. ve Blakeman, S. (2015). Making Slums into Attractions: The Role of Tour Guiding in the Slum Tourism Development in Kibera and Dharavi, Tourism Review International, 19 (1-2): 87-100.
  • George, R. ve Booyens, I. (2014). Township Tourism Demand: Tourists’ Perceptions of Safety and Security, Urban Forum, 25 (4): 449–467.
  • Ghulam, R., Verma, K., Sharma, P., Razdan, M. ve Razdan, R. A. (2016). Drug Abuse in Slum Population, Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 58 (1): 83-86.
  • Griffin, T. ve Muldoon, M. (2022). Exploring Virtual Reality Experiences of Slum Tourism, Tourism Geographies, 24 (6-7): 934-953.
  • Guba, E. G. (1981). Criteria for Assessing The Trustworthiness of Naturalistic Inquiries, Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 29 (2): 75-91.
  • Guba, E. ve Lincoln, Y. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Gülduran, Ç. A. ve Gürdoğan, A. (2022). Yoksulluğun Metalaşması: Gecekondu Turizmi Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Bakış Açısı, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9 (2): 463-475.
  • Habitat UN (2006). The State of the World’s Cities—the Millennium Development Goals and Urban Sustainability. Nairobi: United Nations Habitat Organization.
  • Hofäcker, J. ve Gebauer, M. (2021). Airbnb in Townships of South Africa: A New Experience of Township Tourism?. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. M. Rogerson (Editörler), Urban Tourism in the Global South (ss. 129-147). Switzerland: Springer.
  • Ma, B., (2010). A Trip into the Controversy: A Study of Slum Tourism Travel Motivations. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Amerika: Pensilvanya Üniversitesi.
  • MacCannell, D. (1973). Staged Authenticity: Arrangements of Social Space in Tourist Settings, American Journal of Sociology, 79 (3): 589-603.
  • Marshall, C. ve Rossman, G. B. (2014). Designing Qualitative Research. (6. Baskı). Sage.
  • Mayring, P. (2014). Qualitative Content Analysis: Theoretical Foundation, Basic Procedures and Software Solution. Klagenfurt. Social Science Open Access Repository.
  • Mekawy, M. A. (2012). Responsible Slum Tourism: Egyptian Experience, Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (4): 2092-2113.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Revised and Expanded from Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series.
  • Monroe, E. ve Bishop, P. (2016). Slum Tourism: Helping to Fight Poverty... or Voyeuristic Exploitation. Research Briefing, Tourism Concern, UK https://www.humanrights-in-tourism.net/publication/slum-tourism-helping-fight-poverty-or-voyeuristic-exploitation, Erişim Tarihi: 28 Ocak 2023.
  • Morgan, H. (2022). Conducting a Qualitative Document Analysis, Qualitative Report, 27 (1): 64-77.
  • Mtapuri, O. ve Giampiccoli, A. (2020). Beyond Rural Contexts: Community-Based Tourism for A Better Life in The City, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 8(2): 419-439.
  • Mutlu, Ç. ve Şahin Ören, T. (2021). Gecekondu Turizmi Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 5(2): 182-190.
  • Nisbett, M. (2017). Empowering the Empowered? Slum Tourism and the Depoliticization of Poverty, Geoforum, 85: 37-45.
  • Punch, K. F. (2009). Introduction to Research Methods in Education. Londra: Sage.
  • Rogerson, C. M. ve Saarinen, J. (2018). Tourism for Poverty Alleviation: Issues and Debates in the Global South. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. Saarinen (Editörler) The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management: Applications of Theories and Concepts to Tourism (ss. 22-37). Londra: Sage.
  • Rogerson, C. M. ve Rogerson, J. M. (2021). The Other Half of Urban Tourism: Research Directions in The Global South. İçinde; C. M. Rogerson ve J. M. Rogerson (Editörler) Urban Tourism in the Global South: South African Perspectives (ss. 1-37). Switzerland: Springer.
  • Rolfes, M. (2010). Poverty Tourism: Theoretical Reflections and Empirical Findings Regarding an Extraordinary form of Tourism, GeoJournal, 75: 421-442.
  • Shang, Y., Li, F. S. ve Ma, J. (2022). Tourist Gaze upon a Slum Tourism Destination: A Case Study of Dharavi, India, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 52: 478-486.
  • Slum Dreams (2022). https://www.tripadvisor.com.tr/Attraction_Review-g304554-d13444713-Reviews-Slum_Dreams_Tours-Mumbai_Maharashtra.html, Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2022.
  • Steinbrink, M., Frenzel, F. ve Koens, K. (2012). Development and Globalization of a New Trend in Tourism. İçinde; M. Steinbrink, F. Frenzel ve K. Koens (Editörler) Slum Tourism Poverty, Power and Ethics (ss. 1-18). Londra: Routledge.
  • Toker Turan, A. ve Akoğlan Kozak, M. (2012). Kültür Turizminin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Profesyonel Turist Rehberlerinin Rolü: Ankara Örneği. VI. Lisansüstü Turizm Öğrencileri Kongresi (536-549), 12-15 Nisan 2012, Antalya: Kemer.
  • Toker, A. (2019). Gecekondu Turizminde Turist Rehberlerinin İlham Verici Rolü, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 7(4): 3029- 3044.
  • Toker, A. (2021). Covid-19 Salgınının Turizm Medyasındaki Temsili: Turizm Gazetesi Örneği, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(46-1): 1487-1500.
  • Urry, J. (2002) The Tourist Gaze. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Vanessa, O. M. (2014). Favela Tourism: A New Niche to be Developed by Brazil. EuroCHRIE Conference Hospitality and Tourism Futures (119-129), 6-9 Ekim, Birleşik Arap Emrlikleri: Dubai.
  • Yıldız, S. ve Yıldız, Z. (2018). Gecekondu Turizmi: Bir Çözüm Mü? Yoksa Bir Problem Mi?, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 6 (4): 974-992.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourist Behaviour and Visitor Experience
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Erdal Arslan 0000-0002-5791-2073

Early Pub Date June 5, 2023
Publication Date December 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 34 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Arslan, E. (2023). Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 34(2), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1262190
AMA Arslan E. Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. December 2023;34(2):19-31. doi:10.17123/atad.1262190
Chicago Arslan, Erdal. “Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 34, no. 2 (December 2023): 19-31. https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1262190.
EndNote Arslan E (December 1, 2023) Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 34 2 19–31.
IEEE E. Arslan, “Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi”, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 19–31, 2023, doi: 10.17123/atad.1262190.
ISNAD Arslan, Erdal. “Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 34/2 (December 2023), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1262190.
JAMA Arslan E. Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;34:19–31.
MLA Arslan, Erdal. “Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 34, no. 2, 2023, pp. 19-31, doi:10.17123/atad.1262190.
Vancouver Arslan E. Turist Anlatıları Perspektifinden Varoş Destinasyonları Deneyimi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;34(2):19-31.
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