Review
BibTex RIS Cite

DETRAINING'İN TEMEL FİZYOLOJİK SİSTEMLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 40 - 48, 30.09.2021

Abstract

Detraining, antrenmanlar ile elde edilen fizyolojik ve performans özelliklerinin kazanımları korumak için gerekli olan antrenman sıklığı, yoğunluğu veya süresindeki bir azalma veya kesilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Antrenmanla oluşan fizyolojik adaptasyonların geri dönüşlülük miktarı; kişinin antrenman durumuna, genetik özelliklerine, antrenmanın şiddet, yoğunluk ve sıklık bileşenlerinin ne kadar azaltıldığına ve antrenmana ne kadar süre ara verildiğine bağlıdır. Detraining döneminin sporcuların dayanıklılık, kuvvet, sürat, denge ve esneklik gibi performans özellikleri üzerinde önemli etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu dönemde sporcuların performans seviyelerinde büyük düşüşler yaşanmaktadır. Bu düşüşler, antrenmanlı sporcularda, antrenmansız sporculara göre daha fazla olmaktadır. Yoğun antrenmanlar ile kazanılan özellikler, antrenmanlara verilen kısa bir ara ile hızla gerilemeye başlamaktadır. Kondisyonel özellikler ne kadar uzun süreç içerisinde kazanılırsa kayıpları da o kadar geç olmaktadır. Sporcuların performanslarında büyük düşüşler yaşanmaması için antrenörlerin detraining dönemini çok dikkatli bir şekilde planlamaları gerekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada detraining'in temel fizyolojik sistemler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.

References

  • KAYNAKLAR 1. Bompa, T.O. & Haff, G.G.., (2015). Dönemleme Antrenman Kuramı ve Yöntemi. (5. Basım). Ankara: Spor Yayın ve Kitabevi.
  • 2. Bosquet, L. & Mujıka, I.. (2012). Detraining. In I. Mujika (Ed.). Endurance Training: Science And Practice. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Iñigo Mujika S.L.U.
  • 3. Costill, D.L. Fink, W.J. Hargreaves, M. King, D.S. Thomas, R. & Fielding, R., (1985). Metabolic Characteristics Of Skeletal Muscle During Detraining From Competitive Swimming. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 17, 339-343.
  • 4. Coyle, E.F. Martin, W.H. Sinacore, D.R. Joyner, M.J. Hagberg, J.M. & Holloszy, J.O., (1984). Time Course Of Loss Of Adaptations After Stopping Prolonged İntense Endurance Training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 57, 1857-1864.
  • 5. Fleck, S.J. & Kraemer, W.J. (2004). Designing Resistance Training Programmes (2nd ed). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • 6. Gavanda, S. Geısler, S. Quıtmann, O.J. Bauhaus, H. & Schıffer, T., (2020). Three Weeks Of Detraining Does Not Decrease Muscle Thickness, Strength Or Sport Performance İn Adolescent Athletes. Int. J. Exerc. Sci., 13(6), 633-644.
  • 7. Houston, M.E. Bentzen, H. & Larsen, H., (1979). Interrelationships Between Skeletal Muscle Adaptations And Performance As Studied By Detraining And Retraining. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 105, 163-170.
  • 8. Hyatt, J.P.K. Brown, E.A. Deacon, H.M. & Mccall, G.E., (2019). Muscle Specific Sensitivity To Voluntary Physical Activity And Detraining. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1328.
  • 9. Joo, C.H., (2016). The Effects Of Short-Term Detraining on Exercise Performance in Soccer Players. J Exerc Rehabil., 12, 54-59.
  • 10. Joo, C.H., (2018). The Effects Of Short Term Detraining And Retraining On Physical Fitness İn Elite Soccer Players. Plus One, 13(5), e0196212.
  • 11. Krustrup, P. Mohr, M. Nybo, L. Jensen, J.M. Nielsen, J.J. & Bangsbo, J., (2006). The Yo-Yo IR2 Test: Physiological Response, Reliability, And Application To Elite Soccer. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 8,1666-1673.
  • 12. Kubo, K. Ikebukuro, T. & Yata, H., (2010). Time Course Of Changes in Muscle and Tendon Properties During Strength Training And Detraining. J. Strength Cond. Res., 24, 322-331.
  • 13. Leterı, R.V. Teıxeıra, A.M. Furtado, G.E. Lamboglıa, C.G. Rees, J.L. & Gomes, B.B., (2018). Effect Of 16 Weeks Of Resistance Exercise And Detraining Comparing Two Methods Of Blood Flow Restriction İn Muscle Strength Of Healthy Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Exp Gerontol, 114, 78-86.
  • 14. Melchıorri, G. Ronconı, M. Trıossi, T. Vıero, V. De Sanctıs, D. Tancredı, V. Salvatı, A. Padua, E. & Alvero Cruz, J.R., (2014). Detraining in Young Soccer Players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 54, 7-33.
  • 15. Mujıka, I. & Padılla, S., (2000a). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part I: Short Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Med., 30, 79–87.
  • 16. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2000b). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part II: Long Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Med., 30, 145-154.
  • 17. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2001a). Muscular Characteristics of Detraining in Humans. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33,1297-1303.
  • 18. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2001b). Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Characteristics of Detraining in Humans. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33, 413-421.
  • 19. Nugroho, S., (2011). The Detraining Effects of Complete Inactivity. Sport Science Faculty Yogyakarta State University.
  • 20. Olivier, N. Weissland, T. Legrand, R. Berthoin, S. Rogez, J. Thevenon, A. & Prieur, F., (2010). The Effect of A One-Leg Cycling Aerobic Training Program During The Rehabilitation Period in Soccer Players with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 20, 28-33.
  • 21. Péronnet, F. & Massicotte, D., (1991). Table of Nonprotein Respiratory Quotient: An Update. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 16, 23-29.
  • 22. Richard, G., (2008). Detraining Why A Change Really is Better Than A Rest, Brunei University and British Olympic Association.
  • 23. Secher, N.H. & Volianitis, S., (2006). Are The Arms and Legs in Competition for Cardiac Output? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38, 1797-1803.
  • 24. Thomassen, M. Chrıstensen, P.M. Gunnarsson, T.P. Nybo, L. & Bangsbo, J., (2010). Effect Of 2-wk İntensified Training and inactivity on Muscle Na+-K+ Pump Expression, Phospholemman (Fxyd1) Phosphorylation, and Performance in Soccer Players. J Appl Physiol., 108, 898–905.
  • 25. Wilmore, C., (1994). Physiology of Sport and Exercise. USA: Human Kinetics Champaign.
Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 40 - 48, 30.09.2021

Abstract

References

  • KAYNAKLAR 1. Bompa, T.O. & Haff, G.G.., (2015). Dönemleme Antrenman Kuramı ve Yöntemi. (5. Basım). Ankara: Spor Yayın ve Kitabevi.
  • 2. Bosquet, L. & Mujıka, I.. (2012). Detraining. In I. Mujika (Ed.). Endurance Training: Science And Practice. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Iñigo Mujika S.L.U.
  • 3. Costill, D.L. Fink, W.J. Hargreaves, M. King, D.S. Thomas, R. & Fielding, R., (1985). Metabolic Characteristics Of Skeletal Muscle During Detraining From Competitive Swimming. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 17, 339-343.
  • 4. Coyle, E.F. Martin, W.H. Sinacore, D.R. Joyner, M.J. Hagberg, J.M. & Holloszy, J.O., (1984). Time Course Of Loss Of Adaptations After Stopping Prolonged İntense Endurance Training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 57, 1857-1864.
  • 5. Fleck, S.J. & Kraemer, W.J. (2004). Designing Resistance Training Programmes (2nd ed). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • 6. Gavanda, S. Geısler, S. Quıtmann, O.J. Bauhaus, H. & Schıffer, T., (2020). Three Weeks Of Detraining Does Not Decrease Muscle Thickness, Strength Or Sport Performance İn Adolescent Athletes. Int. J. Exerc. Sci., 13(6), 633-644.
  • 7. Houston, M.E. Bentzen, H. & Larsen, H., (1979). Interrelationships Between Skeletal Muscle Adaptations And Performance As Studied By Detraining And Retraining. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 105, 163-170.
  • 8. Hyatt, J.P.K. Brown, E.A. Deacon, H.M. & Mccall, G.E., (2019). Muscle Specific Sensitivity To Voluntary Physical Activity And Detraining. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1328.
  • 9. Joo, C.H., (2016). The Effects Of Short-Term Detraining on Exercise Performance in Soccer Players. J Exerc Rehabil., 12, 54-59.
  • 10. Joo, C.H., (2018). The Effects Of Short Term Detraining And Retraining On Physical Fitness İn Elite Soccer Players. Plus One, 13(5), e0196212.
  • 11. Krustrup, P. Mohr, M. Nybo, L. Jensen, J.M. Nielsen, J.J. & Bangsbo, J., (2006). The Yo-Yo IR2 Test: Physiological Response, Reliability, And Application To Elite Soccer. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 8,1666-1673.
  • 12. Kubo, K. Ikebukuro, T. & Yata, H., (2010). Time Course Of Changes in Muscle and Tendon Properties During Strength Training And Detraining. J. Strength Cond. Res., 24, 322-331.
  • 13. Leterı, R.V. Teıxeıra, A.M. Furtado, G.E. Lamboglıa, C.G. Rees, J.L. & Gomes, B.B., (2018). Effect Of 16 Weeks Of Resistance Exercise And Detraining Comparing Two Methods Of Blood Flow Restriction İn Muscle Strength Of Healthy Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Exp Gerontol, 114, 78-86.
  • 14. Melchıorri, G. Ronconı, M. Trıossi, T. Vıero, V. De Sanctıs, D. Tancredı, V. Salvatı, A. Padua, E. & Alvero Cruz, J.R., (2014). Detraining in Young Soccer Players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 54, 7-33.
  • 15. Mujıka, I. & Padılla, S., (2000a). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part I: Short Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Med., 30, 79–87.
  • 16. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2000b). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part II: Long Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Med., 30, 145-154.
  • 17. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2001a). Muscular Characteristics of Detraining in Humans. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33,1297-1303.
  • 18. Mujika, I. & Padilla, S., (2001b). Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Characteristics of Detraining in Humans. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33, 413-421.
  • 19. Nugroho, S., (2011). The Detraining Effects of Complete Inactivity. Sport Science Faculty Yogyakarta State University.
  • 20. Olivier, N. Weissland, T. Legrand, R. Berthoin, S. Rogez, J. Thevenon, A. & Prieur, F., (2010). The Effect of A One-Leg Cycling Aerobic Training Program During The Rehabilitation Period in Soccer Players with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 20, 28-33.
  • 21. Péronnet, F. & Massicotte, D., (1991). Table of Nonprotein Respiratory Quotient: An Update. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 16, 23-29.
  • 22. Richard, G., (2008). Detraining Why A Change Really is Better Than A Rest, Brunei University and British Olympic Association.
  • 23. Secher, N.H. & Volianitis, S., (2006). Are The Arms and Legs in Competition for Cardiac Output? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38, 1797-1803.
  • 24. Thomassen, M. Chrıstensen, P.M. Gunnarsson, T.P. Nybo, L. & Bangsbo, J., (2010). Effect Of 2-wk İntensified Training and inactivity on Muscle Na+-K+ Pump Expression, Phospholemman (Fxyd1) Phosphorylation, and Performance in Soccer Players. J Appl Physiol., 108, 898–905.
  • 25. Wilmore, C., (1994). Physiology of Sport and Exercise. USA: Human Kinetics Champaign.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Halit Egesoy 0000-0003-1347-8647

Publication Date September 30, 2021
Acceptance Date September 17, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 23 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Egesoy, H. (2021). DETRAINING’İN TEMEL FİZYOLOJİK SİSTEMLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(3), 40-48.