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HALITOSIS

Year 2014, 2014: Supplement 9, 85 - 92, 11.02.2015
https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.07289

Abstract

Bad breath (Halitosis, oral malodor)people commonly encounter, which is a condition that negatively affect social relationships in all over the world. Due to importance of social environment in nowadays, the psychological trauma caused by halitosis will be so stronger on the individuals. This situation has lead individuals to seek treatment. This article offers the definition, odor of formation, etiology, classification of halitosis and approach that includes methods of measurement

References

  • Bosy A. Oral malodor: philosophical and practical aspects. J Can Dent Assoc.1997; 63: 196- 201.
  • Rayman S, Almas K. Halitosis among racially diverse populations: an update. Int JDent Hyg 2008; 6: 2–7.
  • Scully C, Greenman J Halitosis (breath odor). Periodontol 2000. 2008; 48: 66-75
  • Rosenberg M. Bad breath and periodontal disease: how related are they?. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33: 29–30.
  • Rosenberg M. Clinical assessment of bad breath: Current concepts. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996; 127: 475- 82.
  • Tonzeitch J Production and origin of oral malodour. A Review of Mechanisms and Methods of Analysis. J Periodontol 1977; 48: 13−20.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, Feenstra L, van Steenberghe D. Experiences of a Belgian multidisciplinary breath odour clinic. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1997; 51: 43−8.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, van Steenberghe D, Feenstra L. Multidisciplinary breath-Odour clinic. Lancet 1997; 350: 187.
  • Aydın M. Teşhisten Tedaviye Ağız Kokusu. 3.Baskı. İstanbul; Nobel Yayınevi: 2008. s.16.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, Bollen C, Van Steenberghe D, Vandekerckhove BN,Feenstra L. An inventory of patients response to treatment at a multidisciplinary breath odor clinic. Quintessence Int.1999; 30: 307-10.
  • Morita M, Wang HL. Association between oral malodor and adult periodontitis: a review. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28: 813–9.
  • Seemann R1, Conceicao MD, Filippi A, Greenman J, Lenton P, Nachnani S, Quirynen M, Roldan S, Schulze H, Sterer N, Tangerman A, Winkel EG, Yaegaki K, Rosenberg M. Halitosis management by the general dental practitioner-results of an international consensus workshop. J Breath Res 2014; 8: 1-6.
  • Hughes FJ, McNab R. Oral malodour-a review. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53: 1-7.
  • Miyazaki H, Sakao S, Katoh Y, Takehara T. Correlation between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population. J Periodontol 1995; 66: 679- 84.
  • Rosenberg M. First International Workshop on Oral Malodor. J Dent Res 1994; 73: 586- 9.
  • Loesche W J, Kazor C. Microbiology and treatment of halitosis. Periodontol 2000. 2002; 28: 256–79.
  • Tessier JF, Kulkarni GV. Bad breath: etiology; diagnosis and treatment. Oral Health 1991; 81: 19- 24.
  • Rosenberg M, Kulkarni GV, Bosy A, McCulloch CAG. Reproducibility and sensitivity of oral malodour measurements with a portable sulphide monitor. J Dent Res 1991; 70: 1436-40.
  • Iwakura M, Yasuno Y, Shımura M, Sakamoto S. Clinical characteristics of halitosis: differences in two patient groups with primary and secondary complaints of halitosis. J Dent Res 1994; 73: 1568-1574.
  • Sanz M, Roldán S, Herrera D. Fundamentals of Breath Malodour. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001; 15: 1-17.
  • McDowell JD, Kassebaum DK. Diagnosing and treating halitozis. JADA 1993; 124: 55-64.
  • Kleinberg I, Westbay G. Salivary and metabolic factors involved in oral malodor formation. J Periodontol 1992; 63: 768-75.
  • De Boever EH, Loesche WJ Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor. JADA 1995; 126: 1384-93.
  • Yaegaki K, Coil JM. Examination, Classification, and Treatment of Halitosis, Clinical Perspectives. J Can. Dent Assoc 2000; 66: 257-61.
  • Murata T, Yamaga T, Lida T, Miyazaki H, Yaegaki K. Classification and examination of halitosis. Int Dent J 2002; 52: 181-6.
  • Miyazaki H, Arao M, Okamura K, Kawaguchi Y, Toyofuku A, Hoshi K, Yaegaki K. Tentative classification of halitosis and its treatment needs. J Dent Niigata 1999; 32: 7-11.
  • ADA, Council on Scientific Affairs. Oral Malodor. JADA 2003; 134: 209-14.
  • Preti G, Clark L, Cowart BJ, Feldman RS, Lowry LD, Weber E, Young IM. Non-oral etiologies of oral malodor and altered chemosensation. J Periodontol
  • Tangerman A. Halitosis in medicine: a review. Int Dent J 2002; 52: 201-26.
  • Lee PPC, Mak WY,Newsome P. The aetiology and treatment of oral halitosis: an update. J Hong Kong Med 2004; 10: 414-8.
  • Krespi YP, Shrime MG, Kacker A. The relationship between oral malodor and volatile sulfur compound producing bacteria. Otolaryngol Head Neck. 2006; 105: 671-6.
  • Porter SR, Scully C. Oral malodour (halitosis). BMJ 2006; 333: 632-5
  • Aylıkcı BU, Colak H. Halitosis: From diagnosis to management. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4: 14-23.
  • Greenman J, Lenton P, Seemann R, Nachnani S. Organoleptic assessment of halitosis for dental professionals-general recommendations. J Breath Res 2014; 8: 1-7.
  • Vandekerckhove B, Van den Velde S, De Smit M, Dadamio J, Teughels W, Van Tornout M, Quirynen M. Clinical reliability of non-organoleptic oral malodour measurements. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36: 964–9.
  • Kim DJ, Lee JY, Kho HS, Chung JW, Park HK, Kim YK. A new organoleptic testing method for evaluating halitosis. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 93-7.
  • Lee PPC, Mak WY,Newsome P. The aetiology and treatment of oral halitosis: an update. J Hong Kong Med 2004; 10: 414-8.
  • Rosenberg M, Kozlovsky A, Gelernter I, Cherniak O, Gabbay J, Baht R, Eli I. Self estimation of oral malodor. J Dent Res 1995; 74: 1577–82.
  • Pham TA. Comparison between self-estimated and clinical oral malodor. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71: 263-70.
  • Iwanicka-Grzegorek E, Michalik J, Kepa J, Wierzbicka M. Comparison of ninhydrin method of detecting amine compounds with other methods of halitosis detection. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 37-9.
  • Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Cugini MA, Smith C, Kent RL Jr. Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol 1998; 25: 134-44.
  • Persson S, Edlund MB, Claesson R,Carlsson J The formation of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan by oral bacteria. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1990; 5: 195–201.
  • Scully C, Maaytah ME, Porter SR,Greenman JBreath odor: etiopathogenesis; assessment and management. Eur J Oral Sci 1997; 105: 287-93. Kleinberg 44. Codipilly D, I.Generation of indole/skatole during malodor formation in the salivary sediment model system and initial examination of the oral bacteria involved. J Breath Res 2008; 2: 1-10.
  • Annemiek MWT, Van den Broek, Louw F, Cees de Baat. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. J Dent 2007; 35: 627 – 35.
  • Aizawa F, Kishi M, Moriya T, Takahashi M, Inaba D, Yonemitsu M. The analysis of characteristics of elderly people with high VSC level. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 80-2.
  • Tangerman A, Winkel EG. The portable gas chromatograph Oral ChromaTM: a method of choice to detect oral and extraoral halitosis. J Breath Res 2008; 2: 1-6.
  • Salako NO, Philip L. Comparison of the use of the Halimeter and the Oral assessment of the ability of common cultivable oral anaerobic bacteria to produce malodorous volatile sulfur compounds from cysteine and methionine. Med Princ Pract. 2011; 20: 75-9.
  • Ueno M, Shinada K, Yanagisawa T, Mori C, Yokoyama S, Furukawa S, Takehara S, Kawaguchi Y. Clinical oral malodor measurement with a portable sulfide monitor. Oral Dis 2008; 14: 264-9.
  • Morita M, Musinski DL, Wang HL. Assessment of newly developed tongue sulfide probe for detecting oral malodor. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28: 494-6.
  • Saraoğlu HM. Elektronik Burun Teknolojisi ve Uygulama Konferansı. Çanakkale, 2008. 10. Akademik Bilişim
  • Murata T, Rahardjo A, Fujiyama Y, Yamaga T, Hanada M, Yaegaki K, Miyazaki H. Development of compact and simple gas chromatography for oral malodor measurement. J Periodontol 2006; 77: 1142-7.
  • Tanaka M, Anguri H, Nonaka A, Kataoka K, Nagata H, Kita J, Shizukuishi S. Clinical assessment of oral malodor by the electronic nose system. J Dent Res
  • van den Broek AM, Feenstra L, de Baat C. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. J Dent 2007; 35: 627–35.
  • Scully C, Greenman J Halitology (breath odour: aetiopathogenesis and management). Oral Dis 2012; 18: 333-45.
  • Wozniak WT. The ADA guidelines on oral malodor products. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 7-9

AĞIZ KOKUSU

Year 2014, 2014: Supplement 9, 85 - 92, 11.02.2015
https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.07289

Abstract

Kötü ağız kokusu (Halitozis, Bad breath, Oral malodor) dünyanın her yerinde, insanların yaygın olarak yaşadığı, sosyal ilişkileri olumsuz etkileyen bir durumdur. Sosyal çevrenin bu kadar önemli olduğu günümüzde halitozisin birey üzerinde yaratacağı psikolojik travma da güçlü olacaktır. Bu da bireyi ağız kokusunun farkındalığına ve tedavi arayışına yöneltmektedir.

Bu makale, kötü ağız kokusunun tanımını, oluşumunu, kokunun içeriğini, etiyolojisini, sınıflandırıl- masını ve ölçüm yöntemlerini içeren yaklaşımları sunmaktadır.

References

  • Bosy A. Oral malodor: philosophical and practical aspects. J Can Dent Assoc.1997; 63: 196- 201.
  • Rayman S, Almas K. Halitosis among racially diverse populations: an update. Int JDent Hyg 2008; 6: 2–7.
  • Scully C, Greenman J Halitosis (breath odor). Periodontol 2000. 2008; 48: 66-75
  • Rosenberg M. Bad breath and periodontal disease: how related are they?. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33: 29–30.
  • Rosenberg M. Clinical assessment of bad breath: Current concepts. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996; 127: 475- 82.
  • Tonzeitch J Production and origin of oral malodour. A Review of Mechanisms and Methods of Analysis. J Periodontol 1977; 48: 13−20.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, Feenstra L, van Steenberghe D. Experiences of a Belgian multidisciplinary breath odour clinic. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1997; 51: 43−8.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, van Steenberghe D, Feenstra L. Multidisciplinary breath-Odour clinic. Lancet 1997; 350: 187.
  • Aydın M. Teşhisten Tedaviye Ağız Kokusu. 3.Baskı. İstanbul; Nobel Yayınevi: 2008. s.16.
  • Delanghe G, Ghyselen J, Bollen C, Van Steenberghe D, Vandekerckhove BN,Feenstra L. An inventory of patients response to treatment at a multidisciplinary breath odor clinic. Quintessence Int.1999; 30: 307-10.
  • Morita M, Wang HL. Association between oral malodor and adult periodontitis: a review. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28: 813–9.
  • Seemann R1, Conceicao MD, Filippi A, Greenman J, Lenton P, Nachnani S, Quirynen M, Roldan S, Schulze H, Sterer N, Tangerman A, Winkel EG, Yaegaki K, Rosenberg M. Halitosis management by the general dental practitioner-results of an international consensus workshop. J Breath Res 2014; 8: 1-6.
  • Hughes FJ, McNab R. Oral malodour-a review. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53: 1-7.
  • Miyazaki H, Sakao S, Katoh Y, Takehara T. Correlation between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population. J Periodontol 1995; 66: 679- 84.
  • Rosenberg M. First International Workshop on Oral Malodor. J Dent Res 1994; 73: 586- 9.
  • Loesche W J, Kazor C. Microbiology and treatment of halitosis. Periodontol 2000. 2002; 28: 256–79.
  • Tessier JF, Kulkarni GV. Bad breath: etiology; diagnosis and treatment. Oral Health 1991; 81: 19- 24.
  • Rosenberg M, Kulkarni GV, Bosy A, McCulloch CAG. Reproducibility and sensitivity of oral malodour measurements with a portable sulphide monitor. J Dent Res 1991; 70: 1436-40.
  • Iwakura M, Yasuno Y, Shımura M, Sakamoto S. Clinical characteristics of halitosis: differences in two patient groups with primary and secondary complaints of halitosis. J Dent Res 1994; 73: 1568-1574.
  • Sanz M, Roldán S, Herrera D. Fundamentals of Breath Malodour. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001; 15: 1-17.
  • McDowell JD, Kassebaum DK. Diagnosing and treating halitozis. JADA 1993; 124: 55-64.
  • Kleinberg I, Westbay G. Salivary and metabolic factors involved in oral malodor formation. J Periodontol 1992; 63: 768-75.
  • De Boever EH, Loesche WJ Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor. JADA 1995; 126: 1384-93.
  • Yaegaki K, Coil JM. Examination, Classification, and Treatment of Halitosis, Clinical Perspectives. J Can. Dent Assoc 2000; 66: 257-61.
  • Murata T, Yamaga T, Lida T, Miyazaki H, Yaegaki K. Classification and examination of halitosis. Int Dent J 2002; 52: 181-6.
  • Miyazaki H, Arao M, Okamura K, Kawaguchi Y, Toyofuku A, Hoshi K, Yaegaki K. Tentative classification of halitosis and its treatment needs. J Dent Niigata 1999; 32: 7-11.
  • ADA, Council on Scientific Affairs. Oral Malodor. JADA 2003; 134: 209-14.
  • Preti G, Clark L, Cowart BJ, Feldman RS, Lowry LD, Weber E, Young IM. Non-oral etiologies of oral malodor and altered chemosensation. J Periodontol
  • Tangerman A. Halitosis in medicine: a review. Int Dent J 2002; 52: 201-26.
  • Lee PPC, Mak WY,Newsome P. The aetiology and treatment of oral halitosis: an update. J Hong Kong Med 2004; 10: 414-8.
  • Krespi YP, Shrime MG, Kacker A. The relationship between oral malodor and volatile sulfur compound producing bacteria. Otolaryngol Head Neck. 2006; 105: 671-6.
  • Porter SR, Scully C. Oral malodour (halitosis). BMJ 2006; 333: 632-5
  • Aylıkcı BU, Colak H. Halitosis: From diagnosis to management. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4: 14-23.
  • Greenman J, Lenton P, Seemann R, Nachnani S. Organoleptic assessment of halitosis for dental professionals-general recommendations. J Breath Res 2014; 8: 1-7.
  • Vandekerckhove B, Van den Velde S, De Smit M, Dadamio J, Teughels W, Van Tornout M, Quirynen M. Clinical reliability of non-organoleptic oral malodour measurements. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36: 964–9.
  • Kim DJ, Lee JY, Kho HS, Chung JW, Park HK, Kim YK. A new organoleptic testing method for evaluating halitosis. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 93-7.
  • Lee PPC, Mak WY,Newsome P. The aetiology and treatment of oral halitosis: an update. J Hong Kong Med 2004; 10: 414-8.
  • Rosenberg M, Kozlovsky A, Gelernter I, Cherniak O, Gabbay J, Baht R, Eli I. Self estimation of oral malodor. J Dent Res 1995; 74: 1577–82.
  • Pham TA. Comparison between self-estimated and clinical oral malodor. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71: 263-70.
  • Iwanicka-Grzegorek E, Michalik J, Kepa J, Wierzbicka M. Comparison of ninhydrin method of detecting amine compounds with other methods of halitosis detection. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 37-9.
  • Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Cugini MA, Smith C, Kent RL Jr. Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol 1998; 25: 134-44.
  • Persson S, Edlund MB, Claesson R,Carlsson J The formation of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan by oral bacteria. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1990; 5: 195–201.
  • Scully C, Maaytah ME, Porter SR,Greenman JBreath odor: etiopathogenesis; assessment and management. Eur J Oral Sci 1997; 105: 287-93. Kleinberg 44. Codipilly D, I.Generation of indole/skatole during malodor formation in the salivary sediment model system and initial examination of the oral bacteria involved. J Breath Res 2008; 2: 1-10.
  • Annemiek MWT, Van den Broek, Louw F, Cees de Baat. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. J Dent 2007; 35: 627 – 35.
  • Aizawa F, Kishi M, Moriya T, Takahashi M, Inaba D, Yonemitsu M. The analysis of characteristics of elderly people with high VSC level. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 80-2.
  • Tangerman A, Winkel EG. The portable gas chromatograph Oral ChromaTM: a method of choice to detect oral and extraoral halitosis. J Breath Res 2008; 2: 1-6.
  • Salako NO, Philip L. Comparison of the use of the Halimeter and the Oral assessment of the ability of common cultivable oral anaerobic bacteria to produce malodorous volatile sulfur compounds from cysteine and methionine. Med Princ Pract. 2011; 20: 75-9.
  • Ueno M, Shinada K, Yanagisawa T, Mori C, Yokoyama S, Furukawa S, Takehara S, Kawaguchi Y. Clinical oral malodor measurement with a portable sulfide monitor. Oral Dis 2008; 14: 264-9.
  • Morita M, Musinski DL, Wang HL. Assessment of newly developed tongue sulfide probe for detecting oral malodor. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28: 494-6.
  • Saraoğlu HM. Elektronik Burun Teknolojisi ve Uygulama Konferansı. Çanakkale, 2008. 10. Akademik Bilişim
  • Murata T, Rahardjo A, Fujiyama Y, Yamaga T, Hanada M, Yaegaki K, Miyazaki H. Development of compact and simple gas chromatography for oral malodor measurement. J Periodontol 2006; 77: 1142-7.
  • Tanaka M, Anguri H, Nonaka A, Kataoka K, Nagata H, Kita J, Shizukuishi S. Clinical assessment of oral malodor by the electronic nose system. J Dent Res
  • van den Broek AM, Feenstra L, de Baat C. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. J Dent 2007; 35: 627–35.
  • Scully C, Greenman J Halitology (breath odour: aetiopathogenesis and management). Oral Dis 2012; 18: 333-45.
  • Wozniak WT. The ADA guidelines on oral malodor products. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 7-9
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özge Göktürk

İnci Devrim This is me

Publication Date February 11, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 2014: Supplement 9

Cite

APA Göktürk, Ö., & Devrim, İ. (2015). AĞIZ KOKUSU. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(-3), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.07289
AMA Göktürk Ö, Devrim İ. AĞIZ KOKUSU. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. February 2015;24(-3):85-92. doi:10.17567/dfd.07289
Chicago Göktürk, Özge, and İnci Devrim. “AĞIZ KOKUSU”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24, no. -3 (February 2015): 85-92. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.07289.
EndNote Göktürk Ö, Devrim İ (February 1, 2015) AĞIZ KOKUSU. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24 -3 85–92.
IEEE Ö. Göktürk and İ. Devrim, “AĞIZ KOKUSU”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, vol. 24, no. -3, pp. 85–92, 2015, doi: 10.17567/dfd.07289.
ISNAD Göktürk, Özge - Devrim, İnci. “AĞIZ KOKUSU”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24/-3 (February 2015), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.07289.
JAMA Göktürk Ö, Devrim İ. AĞIZ KOKUSU. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2015;24:85–92.
MLA Göktürk, Özge and İnci Devrim. “AĞIZ KOKUSU”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 24, no. -3, 2015, pp. 85-92, doi:10.17567/dfd.07289.
Vancouver Göktürk Ö, Devrim İ. AĞIZ KOKUSU. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2015;24(-3):85-92.

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