Kuzu Rasyonuna Yucca Schidigera Tozu İlavesinin Rumen Total Protozoa Sayısı ve pH’sı Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 0 - 0, 31.10.2016

Recep Gümüş , Halit İmik

https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.39250

Cited By: 1

Abstract

 

 Bu çalışma kuzu rasyonlarına farklı miktarlarda Yucca schidigera (YS) tozu ilavesinin rumen total protozoa sayısı ve pH’sı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 24 adet, 2.5 aylık yaşta, sütten kesilmiş erkek Akkaraman ırkı kuzu kullanıldı. Kuzular her birinde 8 hayvan bulunan 3 ana gruba, her ana gruptaki kuzular her birinde 2 kuzu bulunan 4 alt gruba ayrıldı. Ana gruplardan birisi sadece kuzu büyütme yemi ile beslenirken (Kontrol (K)), diğer ana gruplar kuzu büyütme yemine 100 ppm YS tozu (YS100) ve 200 ppm YS tozu (YS200) ilave edilerek beslendi. Ayrıca tüm hayvanlara günlük 125 g buğday samanı verildi. Çalışma 10 gün alıştırma, 70 gün deneme olmak üzere 80 gün sürdürüldü. Deneme periyodu sonunda rumen sıvısı örnekleri alınarak total protozoa sayımı ve pH ölçümü (yemlemeden sonraki 0., 2., 4., 6. saatlerde) yapıldı. Gruplar arasında rumen total protozoa sayısı bakımından farklılık bulunmadı. Rumen pH’sı YS100 grubunda, K grubuna göre sadece yem verildikten sonraki 2. saatte yüksek bulunurken, diğer zamanlarda gruplar arasında farklılık tespit edilmedi. Sonuç olarak, kuzu rasyonlarına 100 ve 200 ppm YS tozu ilavesinin rumen total protozoa sayısını etkilemediği, rumen pH’sını ise belirli zaman aralığında yükselttiği tespit edildi.

Keywords

Kuzu, pH, Protozoa, Rumen, Yucca schidigera

References

• Johnston N., Quarles C., Fagerberg D., 1982. Broiler performance with DSS40 Yucca saponin in combination with monensin. Poultry Science, 61, 1052-1054.
• Piacente S., Montoro P., Oleszek W., Pizza C., 2004. Yucca schidigera Bark: Phenolic Constituents and Antioxidant Activity. Journal of Natural Products, 67, 882-885.
• Fenwick SB., Price KR., Tsukamoto C., Okubo K., 1992. Saponins. In “Toxic Substances in Crop Plants, The Royal Society of Chemistry “,Eds., JPF D’Mello, CM Diffus, JH Duffus, 285-327, Thomas Graham House, London,.
• Wallace RJ., McEwan NR., McIntosh FM., Teferedegne B., Newbold CJ., 2002. Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 15, 1458-1468.
• Gümüş R., İmik H., 2012. Saponinlerin Hayvan Beslemede Yem Katkı Maddesi Olarak Kullanımı. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 221-229.
• Hu W., Liu DJ., Wu Y., Guo Y., Ye J., 2006. Effects of tea saponins on in vitro ruminal fermentation and growth performance in growing Boer goat. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 60, 89-97.
• Santoso B., Kilmaskossu A., Sambodo P., 2007. Effects of saponin from Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch on ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen utilization in goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 137, 58-68.
• Hu WL., Liu JX., Ye JA., Wu YM., Guo YQ., 2005. Effect of tea saponin on rumen fermentation in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 120, 333-339.
• Makkar HPS., Sen S., Blummel M., Becker K., 1998. Effects of fractions containing saponins from Yucca schidigera, Quillaja saponaria, and Acacia auriculoformison rumen fermentation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46, 4324-4328.
• Lila ZA., Mohammed N., Kanda S., Kamada T., Itabashi H., 2003. Effect of sarsaponin on ruminal fermentation with particular reference to methane production in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 3330-3336.
• Wang Y., McAllister TA., Newbold CJ., Rode LM., Cheeke PR., Cheng KJ., 1998. Effects of Yucca schidigera extract on fermentation and degradation of steroidal saponins in the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). Animal Feed Science and Technology, 74, 143-153.
• Hussain, I., Cheeke, PR., 1995. Effect of dietary Yucca schidigera extract on rumen and blood profiles of steers fed concentrate- or roughage- based diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 51, 231-242.
• Wilson R., Overton T., Clark J,. 1998. Effects of Yucca shidigera extract and soluble protein on performance of cows and concentrations of urea nitrogen in plasma and milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 81, 1022-1027.
• Hristov AN., McAllister TA., Van Herk FH., Cheng KJ., Newbold CJ., Cheeke PR., 1999. Effect of Yucca schidigera on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in heifers. Journal of Animal Science, 77, 2554-2563.
• Odenyo AA., Osuji PO., Karanfil O., 1997. Effect of multipurpose tree (MPT) supplements on ruminal ciliate protozoa. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 67, 169-180.
• Cheeke P., 2001. Actual and potential applications of Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponaria saponins in human and animal nutrition. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, 13, 115-126.
• Makkar H., Becker K., 1997. Degradation of quillaja saponins by mixed culture of rumen microbes. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 25, 243-245.
• McAllister T., Annett C., Cockwill C., Olson M., Wang Y., Cheeke P., 2001. Studies on the use of Yucca schidigera to control giardiosis. Veterinary Parasitology, 97, 85-99.
• Eryavuz A., Dehority BA., 2004. Effect of Yucca schidigera extract on the concentration of rumen microorganisms in sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 117, 215-222.
• Boyne A., Eadie JM., Raitt K., 1957. The development and testing of a method of counting rumen ciliate protozoa. Journal of General Microbiology, 17, 414-423.
• AOAC, 2005. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International 18th ed. USA, Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
• SPSS, 1996. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences: SPSS for Windows release 10,00. SPSS Inc, Chicago.
• Wang C., Wang S., Zhou H., 2009. Influences of flavomycin, ropadiar, and saponin on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emission from sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 148, 157-166.
• Holtshausen L., Chaves AV., Beauchemin KA., McGinn SM., McAllister TA., Odongo NE., Cheeke PR., Benchaar C., 2009. Feeding saponin- containing Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponaria to decrease enteric methane production in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 92, 2809-2821.
• Sliwinski B., Kreuzer M., Wettstein HR., Machmüller A., 2002. Rumen fermentation and nitrogen balance of lambs fed diets containing plant extracts rich in tannins and saponins, and associated emissions of nitrogen and methane. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 56, 379-392.
• Thalib A., Widiawati Y., Hamid H., Suherman D., Sabrani M., 1996. The effects of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit on rumen microbes and performance of sheep. JurnalIlmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 2, 17-21.
• Liu CL., Li ZQ., Du J., Shan AS., 2007. The Effect of Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal fermentation and parameters traits in sheep. Agricultural Sciences in China, 6, 121-128.
• Klita P., Mathison G., Fenton T., Hardin R., 1996. Effects of alfalfa root saponins on digestive function in sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 74, 1144-1156.
• Singer MD., Robinson PH., Salem AZM., DePeters EJ., 2008. Impacts of rumen fluid modified by feeding Yucca schidigera to lactating dairy cows on in vitro gas production of 11 common dairy feedstuffs, as well as animal performance. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 146, 242-258.
• Lila ZA., Mohammed N., Kanda S., Kurihara M., Itabashi H., 2005. Sarsaponin effects on ruminal fermentation and microbes, methane production, digestibility and blood metabolites in steers. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 18, 1746-1751.
• Lovett DK., Stack L., Lovell S., Callan J., Flynn B., Hawkins M., O'Mara FP., 2006. Effect of feeding Yucca schidigera extract on performance of lactating dairy cows and ruminal fermentation parameters in steers. Livestock Science, 102, 23- 32.