Uzun Transporta Bağlı Aygırların Strese Tepkileri: Tam Kan Sayımı ve Serum Biyokimya Varyasyonları

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 118 - 123, 30.10.2017

Ali Evren Haydardedeoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.347950

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, transportun atlarda
bazı stres göstergelerine etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. 7 Safkan, 2 Arap,
1 Hollanda Yarım Kan ve 1 Fresyan olmak üzere 3-12 yaş arası 11 olgun at
(aygır) kayıt edildi.  Transport öncesi
ve sonrasında, otomatik kan sayımı ile beyaz kan hücresi sayımı ve diğer ilgili
parametreler belirlendi. İlgili biyolojik belirteçlerin serum aktiviteleri bir
otoanalizör kullanılarak belirlendi. Na, K, Cl ve Ca düzeyleri de otoanalizör
kullanılarak ölçüldü. Ortalama Platelet (PLT) ve Oratalama Hemoglobin
Konsantrasyonu (MCHC) Total Lökosit (WBC) sayıları çalışma süresince sağlıklı
atlar için bir farklılık göstermezken, Alyuvarlar (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb) ve
Hematokrit (Hct) düzeyleri ulaşımdan sonra anlamlı artışlar sergiledi (P<0.05).
Günlük ortalama glikoz konsantrasyonu transporttan sonra artış gösterdi (P<0.05).
Ortalama total protein, albümin, Aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve Kreatinin
kinaz (CK) düzeyleri, transportun ardından 2. günde artmaktadır (P<0.05).
Ortalama kan üresi azotu, kreatinin, total bilirubin, Alanin aminotransferaz
(ALT), Alkalen fosfataz (ALP), Laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) ve Gama-gulutamil
Transferaz (GGT), çalışma boyunca önemli değişiklikler göstermedi. Transporttan
sonra ortalama Sodyum (Na), Potasyum (K) ve Klor (Cl) düzeyleri değişti (P<0.05),
nakil sonrası Kalsiyum (Ca) düzeyleri anlamlı düşüş gösterdi (P <0.05). 

Keywords

Aygır, Biyokimya, Hematoloji, Stres, Transport

Stress Responses of Stallions During Transport Period: The Variations of Complete Blood Count and Serum Biochemistry

Abstract

In the present study the objective was to determine the effect of one
transport journey on some stress indicators in horses. 11 adult stallion (all
stallion) age 3-12 years including 7 Thoroughbred, 2 Arabian, 1 Dutch
Warmblood, and 1 Friesian were enrolled. White blood cell counts and other
relevant parameters were determined by an automated cell counter before and
after transportation. Serum activities of relevant biomarkers were determined
by use of an autoanalyzer. Serum cortisole level was detected by a microplate
immunoassay technique. Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Clor (Cl) and Calsium
(Ca) levels were also measured by use of autoanalyser. Mean Platelet (PLT), and
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 
(MCHC) White Blood Cell (WBC) counts did not exhibit a variation for
healthy horses during the study whereas RBC, Hb and Hct levels exhibited
significant increases after transportation (P<0.05). Mean daily glucose
concentration showed an increase after transportation (P< 0.05). Mean total
protein, albumine, AST and CK levels presented increases on day 2, after
transportation (P< 0.05). Mean blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total
bilirubine, ALT, ALP, LDH and GGT did not show significant changes throughout
the study. Mean Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Clor (Cl) levels showed
alterations after transportation (P< 0.05), whereas Calsium (Ca) levels
showed significant decreases after transportation (P< 0.05). 

Keywords

Biochemistry, Hematology, Stallion, Stress, Transport

References

• 1. Austin SM., Foreman JH., Hungerfold LL. 1995., Case-control study of risk factors for development of pleuropneumonia in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 207, 325-328.
• 2. Baucus KL., Ralston SL., Nockels CF., McKinnon AO., Squires EL., 1990. Effects of transport on early embryonic death in mares. J Anim Sci, 68, 345-351.
• 3. Baucus KL., Squires EL., Ralston SL., McKinnon AO., Nett TM., 1990. Effect of transportation on the estrus cycle and concentration of hormones in mares. J Anim Sci 68, 419-426. 4. Clark DA., Friend TH., Dellmeier G., 1993. The effect of orientation during trailer transport on heart rate, cortisol and balance in horses. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 38, 179-189.
• 5. Codazza D., Maffeo G., Redaelli G., 1974. Serum enzyme changes and hemato-chemical levels in Thoroughbreds after transport and exercise. J South African Vet Assoc, 45, 331-334.
• 6. Crisman MV., Hodgson DR., Bayly WM., Liggitt HD., 1992. Effects of transport on constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from horses. Cornell Vet, 82, 233-246.
• 7. Fazio E., Ferlazzo A., 2003. Evaluation of Stress During Transport. Vet Res Commun, 27, 519-524.
• 8. Ferlazzo A., Caola G., Omero A., Panzera M., 1984. Modificazioni sieroenzimatiche nel Cavallo sedentario dopo trasporto. Arch Vet Ital 35, 27-30.
• 9. Friend TH., 2000. Dehydration, stress, and water consumption of horses during long-distance coomercial transport. J Anim Sci, 78, 2568-2580.
• 10. Friend TH., Martin MT., Householder DD., Bushong DM., 1988. Stress responses of horses during a long period of transport in commercial truck. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 212, 838-844.
• 11. Hodgson DR., 1990. Diseases of the Muscle. In: Smith, BP. (Ed.) Large Animal Internal Medicine, Mosby Co., St.Louis. 4th Edition page 1336. 12. Lassourd V., Gayrard V., Laroute M., Alvinerie M., Benard P., Courtot Toutain PL., 1996. Cortisol deposition and production rate in horses during rest and exercise. J Am Phys, 271, 25-33.
• 13. Leadon DP., Frank C., Backhouse W., 1989. A preliminary report on studies on equine transit stress. J Equ Vet Sci, 9, 200-202.
• 14. Leadon DP., Daykin J., Blackhouse W., Frank C., Atock MA., 1990. Enviromental, hematological and biochemical changes in equine transit stress. Proceedings of the Am Assoc Equine Pract, 36, 465-490.
• 15. Munro C., Lasley B., 1988. Non-radiometric methods for immunoassay of steroids hormones. In: Albertson, B.D. and H.P. (Ed.) Non-radiometric Assays: Technology and Application in Polypeptide and Steroid Hormone Detection. New York. Page 289-329 Alan R Liss, New York.
• 16. Munro C., Stabenfeldt G., 1984. Development of cortisol enzyme immunoassay in plasma. J Endocrinol, 101, 41-49.
• 17. Oikawa M., Kamada M., Toshikawa Y., Yoshikawa T., 1994. Pathology of equine pneumonia associated with transport and isolation of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. J Comp Path, 111, 205-212.
• 18. Owen RR., Fullerton J., Barnum DA., 1983. Effects of transportation, surgery, and antibiotic therapy in ponies infected with Salmonella. American J Vet Res, 44, 46-50.
• 19. Stull CL., Rodiek AV., 1995. Effects of post prandial interval and feed type on substrate availability during exercise. Equine Vet J, 27, 362-366.
• 20. Stull CL., Rodiek AV., 2000. Physiological responses of horses to 24 hours of transportation using a commercial van during summer conditions. J Anim Sci, 78, 1458-1466.
• 21. Stull CL., Rodiek AV., 2002. Effects of cross-tying horses during 24 h of road transport. Equine Vet J, 34, 550-555.
• 22. Waran NK., Cuddefort D., 1995. Effects of loading and transport on the heart rate and behavior of horses. App Anim Behav Sci, 43, 71-81.
• 23. Waran N., Leadon D., Friend T., 2007. The effects of transportation on the welfare of horses. In: Waran N. (Ed.). The Welfare of Horses. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Springer, 1, 125-150.
• 24. Wessely SJ., Bełkot Z., Bobowiec R., Kosior KU., Wojcik M., 2015. Transport induced inflammatory responses in horses J Polish Vet Sci, 18, 407-413.
• 25. Nemec Svete A., Cebulj-Kadunc N., Frangez R., Kruljc P., 2012. Serum cortisol and haematological, biochemical and antioxidant enzyme variables in horse blood sampled in a slaughterhouse lairage, immediately before stunning and during exsanguination. J Anim Sci, 6, 1300-1306.
• 26. Wernicki A., Urban-Chmiel R., Kankofer M., Mikucki P., Puchalski A., Tokarzewski S., 2006 Evaluation of plasma cortisol and TBARS levels in calves after short-term transportation. Rev Med Vet, 157, 30-34.
• 27. Andronie I., Parvu M., Andronie V., Ciurea A., 2009. Effects of transportation stress on some physiological indicators in sport horses. J Zootech Bio, 42, 379-384.
• 28. Onmaz AC., Van den Hoven R., Gunes V., Cinar M., Kucuk O., 2011. Oxidative stress in horses after a 12-hours transport period. Rev Med Vet, 162, 213-217.
• 29. Tateo A., Padalino B., Boccaccio M., Maggiolino A., Centoducati P., 2012. Transport stress in horses: effects of two different distances. J Vet Behav Clin App Res, 7, 33-42.