Trafik Kazalarının Zamansal ve Mekânsal İncelenmesi: Konya Şehri Örneği
Year 2023,
, 248 - 276, 30.10.2023
Zühal Diler
,
Himmet Haybat
,
Tamer Özlü
Abstract
Şehirlerde nüfusun artması ile birlikte kullanılan araç sayısı artmakta ve artan araç sayısı ile birlikte problemler yaşanmaktadır. Ulaşım konusunda insanların yaşadığı problemlerden bir tanesi de trafik kazalarıdır. Çalışmada Konya ilinin merkez ilçeleri olan Karatay, Selçuklu ve Meram’da meydana gelen trafik kazaları ele alınmıştır. Trafik kazaları, zaman, mekân ve zamansal-mekânsal olarak üç kategoride araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada 2015-2021 trafik kazası verileri kullanılmıştır. Veriler trafik şube müdürlüğünden ve trafik kaza tutanaklarından elde edilen metinsel verilerdir. Zaman analizlerinde trafik kazaları; saat, gün, ay, mevsim ve yıl bilgilerine yer verilmiştir. Mekân açısından kazalarının analizi için nokta yoğunluk, Anselin Local Moran I ve vaka toplam araçları kullanılmıştır. Zaman-mekân açısından trafik kazalarının analiz edilmesi için Sıcak Nokta Analizi ve Uzay Zaman Küpü araçları kullanılmıştır. Analiz ve bulgular için ArcGIS Pro yazılımının 2.5 sürümü ve ArcGIS yazılımının 10.8 sürümlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Gerçekleşen trafik kazalarının çoğunun, yerleşim yerlerinin yoğun olduğu alanlarda ve sanayi bölgesinde dağılım gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir.
References
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- Peuquet, D. J., Marble, D. F. (1990). Introductory Readings in Geographic Information Systems. USA: Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1201/b12579.
- Poudel, K. (2009). Application of geographic ınformation systems in the geographical research. The Third Pole, 5 (7), 37-42. doi: 10.3126/ttp.v5i0.1951.
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- Sonti, S. (2015). Application of geographic information system (GIS) in forest management. Journal of Geography & Natural Disasters, 5, 145. doi: 10.4172/2167-0587.1000145.
- Suphanchaimat, R., Sornsrivichai, V., Limwattananon, S., Thammawijaya, P. (2019). Economic development and road traffic ınjuries and fatalities in Thailand: An application of spatial panel data analysis, 2012–2016. BMC Public Health, 19 (1), 1449. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7809-7.
- Tümertekin, E. (1987). Ulaşım Coğrafyası. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Waters, N. (2017). The International Encyclopedia of Geography. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Worrall, L. (1994). The role of GIS-Based spatial analysis in strategic management in local government. Comput. Environ. And Urban Systems, 18 (5), 323-332. doi: 10.1016/0198-9715(94)90014-0.
- Yardımcıoğlu, F. (2013). Ulaşım Hizmetleri (Kamu Hizmetleri Perspektifi). Bursa: Dora Yayıncılık.
- Yeh, A. G. (1991). The development and applications of geographic information systems for urban and regional planning in the developing countries. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 5, 5-27. doi:10.1080/02693799108927828.
- Yeh, A. G., Chow, M. H. (1996). An integrated GIS and location–allocation approach to public facilities planning. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 20, 339–350. doi: 10.1016/S0198-9715(97)00010-0.
- Yılmaz, İ., Erdoğan, S., Baybura, T., Güllü, M., Uysal, M. (2009). Coğrafi bilgi sistemi yardımıyla trafik kazalarının analizi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 135-150. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/18586 adresinden alınmıştır.
- Zerenoğlu, H. (2020). Trafik kazalarının mekânsal analizi: Eskişehir örneği, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Samsun). https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ adresinden alınmıştır.
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Year 2023,
, 248 - 276, 30.10.2023
Zühal Diler
,
Himmet Haybat
,
Tamer Özlü
References
- Ali Haidery, S., Ullah, H., Khan, N. U., Fatima, K., Rizvi, S. S., Kwon, S. J. (2020). Role of big data in the development of smart city by analyzing the density of residents in Shanghai. Electronics, 9 (5), 837. doi: 10.3390/electronics9050837.
- Ali, R., Khan, M. R., Mehmood, H. (2017). Incidence of violence risk mapping using GIS: A case study of Pakistan. Journal of Geographic Information System, 9, 623-636. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2017.96039.
- Aronoff, S. (1989). Geographic information systems: A management perspective. Geocarto International, 4 (4), 58-58. doi: 10.1080/10106048909354237.
- Burrough, P. A. (1986). Principles of geographical information systems for land resources assessment. Geocarto International, 1 (3), 54. https://webapps.itc.utwente.nl/librarywww/papers_2009/general/principlesgis.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
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- Cınar, H. S., Cermikli, B. (2019). Point density analysis with cognitive mapping technique: Istanbul-Historical City Center. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28: 9192-9199. https://www.prt-parlar.de/download_feb_2019/ adresinden alınmıştır.
- Copernicus (2022). 15 Aralık 2022 tarihinde https://land.copernicus.eu/local/urban-atlas/urban-atlas-2018 adresinden alınmıştır.
- Corso, A. J., Leroy, G., Alsusdais, A. (2015). Toward predictive crime analysis via social media, big data, and GIS, and GIS spatial correlation. In iConference 2015’te sunulmuştur. Newport Beach. CA, USA. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/158298943.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Costache, R., Popescu, C. (2013). The touristic accessibility ın the Hunedoara County in terms of road network. Geographia Technica, 8, 1-12. http://technicalgeography.org/pdf/2_2013/01_costache.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Cowen, D. J. (1988). GIS versus CAD versus DBMS: What are the difference? Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 54, 1551-1555. https://www.asprs.org/wp-content/uploads/pers/1988journal/nov/1988_nov_1551-1555.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Devine, H. A., Field, R. C. (1986). The gist of GIS. Journal of Forestry, 84 (8), 17-22.
- Dezman, Z., De Andrade, L., Vissoci, J. R., El-Gabri, D., Johnson, A., Hirshon, J. M., Staton, C. A. (2016). Hotspots and causes of motor vehicle crashes in Baltimore, Maryland: A geospatial analysis of five years of police crash and census data. Injury, 47: 2450-2458. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.09.002.
- Geofabrik (2022). 28 Aralık 2022 tarihinde https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/turkey.html adresinden alınmıştır.
- Getis, A., Ord, J. (1995). Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics: Distributional Issues and an Application. State University Press, 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x
- Goodchild, M. F. (1992). Geographical information science. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 6 (1), 31-45. doi: 10.1080/02693799208901893
- Goodchild, M. F. (2018). Reimagining the history of GIS. Annals of GIS, 24 (1), 1-8. doi: 10.1080/19475683.2018.1424737
- Gregory, I. N., Healey, R. G. (2007). Historical GIS: Structuring, mapping and analysing geographies of the past. Progress in Human Geography, 31 (5), 638-653. doi: 10.1177/0309132507081
- Haybat, H., Karakaş, E. (2020). Relationship between daily activity areas and traffic accidents in İzmir city. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE), 42, 429-454. doi: 10.32003/igge.670506
- Kemp, K. K., Goodchild, M.F., Dodson (1992). Teaching GIS in Geography. The Professional Geographer, 44 (2), 181-191. doi: 10.1111/j.0033-0124.1992.00181.x
- Kendall, M. G., Gibbons, J. D. (1990). Rank correlation methods. London: Oxford University Press.
- Kundakcı, E. (2014). Identification of traffic accident hot spots and their characteristics in urban area by using GIS. (Master’s Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Geodetic and Geographic Information Technologies, Ankara).
- Kuşkapan, E., Alemdar, K. D., Kaya, Ö., Çodur, M. Y. (2019). Traffic accidents caused by pedestrians in Turkey. International Journal for Traffic and Transport Engineering, 9 (1), 118-126. doi: 10.7708/ijtte.2019.9(1).09.
- Kuo, P., Lord, D., Walden, T. D. (2013). Using geographical information systems to organize police patrol routes effectively by grouping hotspots of crash and crime data. Journal of Transport Geography, 30, 138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.04.006.
- Levine, N., Kim, K., Nitz, L. (1995). Spatial analysis of Honolulu motor vehicle crashes: Part I: Spatial patterns. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 27 (5), 663-674. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(95)00017-t.
- Levine, J. Landis, J. D. (1989). Geographic ınformation systems for local planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 55, 209-220.
- Li, Y., Abdel-Aty, M., Yuan, J., Cheng, Z., Lu, J. (2020). Analyzing traffic violation behavior at urban ıntersections: A spatiotemporal kernel density estimation approach using automated enforcement system data. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 141, 105-509. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105509.
- Mann H. B. (1945). Nonparametric tests against trend. Econometrica, 13, 245–59. doi: 10.2307/1907187.
- Marti-Henneberg, J. (2011). Geographical ınformation systems and the study of history. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 42 (1), 1-13. doi: 10.1162/JINH_a_00202.
- Mohammed, A. A., Ambak, K., Mosa, A. M., Syamsunur, D. (2019). A review of the traffic accidents and related practices worldwide. The Open Transportation Journal, 13, 65-83. doi: 10.2174/1874447801913010065.
- Nitin, G., Adnan, A. H. (2006). Exploring the relationship between development and road traffic injuries: A case study from India. European Journal of Public Health, 16 (5), 487–491. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckl031.
- Okafor, K., Azuike, E., Okojie, P. (2017). The causes and prevalence of road traffic accidents amongst commercial long distance drivers in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 26 (3), 220-230. doi: 10.4103/1115-2613.278844.
- Özlü, T., Haybat, H., Zerenoğlu, H. (2021). Temporal and spatial analysis of traffic accidents: The case of Eskişehir City. International Journal of Geography Education (IGGE), 43, 136-158. doi: 10.32003/igge.746447.
- Parker, H. D. (1988). The unique qualities of a geographic ınformation system: A commentary. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 54 (11), 1547-1549. https://www.asprs.org/wp-content/uploads/pers/1988journal/nov/1988_nov_1547-1549.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
- Peuquet, D. J., Marble, D. F. (1990). Introductory Readings in Geographic Information Systems. USA: Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1201/b12579.
- Poudel, K. (2009). Application of geographic ınformation systems in the geographical research. The Third Pole, 5 (7), 37-42. doi: 10.3126/ttp.v5i0.1951.
- Said, S. N. B. M., Zahran, E. M. M., Shams, S. (2017). Forest fire risk assessment using hotspot analysis in GIS. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 11, 786-801. doi: 10.2174/1874149501711010786.
- Sang, K., Piovan, S. E. (2019). The application of GIS in railway heritage management: The case of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway. 29th International Cartographic Conference. Tokyo, Japan. doi: 10.5194/ica-proc-2-110-2019.
- Smith, T. R., Menon, S., Starr, J. L. Estes, J. E. (1987). Requirements and principles for the ımplementation and construction of large-scale geographic ınformation systems. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 1, 13-31. doi: 10.1080/02693798708927790.
- Sonti, S. (2015). Application of geographic information system (GIS) in forest management. Journal of Geography & Natural Disasters, 5, 145. doi: 10.4172/2167-0587.1000145.
- Suphanchaimat, R., Sornsrivichai, V., Limwattananon, S., Thammawijaya, P. (2019). Economic development and road traffic ınjuries and fatalities in Thailand: An application of spatial panel data analysis, 2012–2016. BMC Public Health, 19 (1), 1449. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7809-7.
- Tümertekin, E. (1987). Ulaşım Coğrafyası. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Waters, N. (2017). The International Encyclopedia of Geography. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Worrall, L. (1994). The role of GIS-Based spatial analysis in strategic management in local government. Comput. Environ. And Urban Systems, 18 (5), 323-332. doi: 10.1016/0198-9715(94)90014-0.
- Yardımcıoğlu, F. (2013). Ulaşım Hizmetleri (Kamu Hizmetleri Perspektifi). Bursa: Dora Yayıncılık.
- Yeh, A. G. (1991). The development and applications of geographic information systems for urban and regional planning in the developing countries. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 5, 5-27. doi:10.1080/02693799108927828.
- Yeh, A. G., Chow, M. H. (1996). An integrated GIS and location–allocation approach to public facilities planning. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 20, 339–350. doi: 10.1016/S0198-9715(97)00010-0.
- Yılmaz, İ., Erdoğan, S., Baybura, T., Güllü, M., Uysal, M. (2009). Coğrafi bilgi sistemi yardımıyla trafik kazalarının analizi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 135-150. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/18586 adresinden alınmıştır.
- Zerenoğlu, H. (2020). Trafik kazalarının mekânsal analizi: Eskişehir örneği, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Samsun). https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ adresinden alınmıştır.
- Zou, X., Vu, H. L. (2019). Mapping the knowledge domain of road safety studies: A scientometric analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 132: 105-243. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.07.019.
- https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Karayolu-Trafik-Kaza-Istatistikleri-2021-45658
- https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=Nufus-ve-Demografi-109
- https://konyakultur.gov.tr/
- https://www.who.int/
- Konya İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü (2023). https://konyakultur.gov.tr (03.01.2023)
- TÜİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu) (2023). https://www.tuik.gov.tr (02.01.2023)
- WHO (World Health Organization) (2018). https://www.who.int (19.12.2022)