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Teksas’ta Yabancı Doğumlu Nüfusun Karşılaştırmalı Analizi, 1990

Year 2003, , 85 - 101, 01.08.2003
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000031

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı Teksas’ta yabancı doğumlu nüfusun sosyo-ekonomik özelliklerini, yerli nüfus ile karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırma yabancıların yoğunlukta olduğu bölgelerin hangi özellikler bakımından yerlilerin yoğun olduğu yerlerden farklılaştığını ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri tabanını Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) 1990 nüfus sayımının Blok Grupları düzeyinde elde ettiği veriler oluşturmaktadır. Blok Grupları ABD’de 400 ile 600 civarında evden oluşan nüfus sayım bölgeleridir. Yerli ve yabancı doğumlu nüfusu karşılaştırabilmek için yabancıların en yoğun olduğu Blok Gruplar seçilerek, bunlar kendilerine bitişik ama yabancıların yoğun olarak bulunmadığı Blok Grupları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Kontrol grubu olarak da aynı ilçelerden (County) rastgele seçilmiş Blok grupları kullanılmıştır. Yabancı nüfusun en yoğun olduğu ilçeler Harris, Tarrant, Dallas, Travis, El Paso ve Bexar olduğu için bütün örnekler bu ilçelerden seçilmiştir. Karşılaştırmada SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) yazılımı ile diskriminant analizi yapmak yoluyla istatistiksel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Discriminant Analizi bu tür durumlarda herhangi bir elemanı özelliklerine göre belli bir gruba dahil etme esasına dayandığı için tercih edilmiştir. Bu analizin sonuçları göstermiştir ki yabancı doğumlu nüfusun yoğunlukta olduğu yerler gelir ve eğitim seviyesinin daha düşük, iyi İngilizce konuşamayanlar, Hispanik kökenli nüfusun ve işsizlik oranının daha yüksek olması durumu ile diğer alanlardan ayrılmaktadır

References

  • Allen, J. P., Turner, E. (1996) “Spatial patterns of immigrant assimilation”, The Professional Geographer, 48: 140-156.
  • Alvirez, D., Bean. F. D. (1976) The Mexican-American family, In Haberstein, R.B and Mindel, C. (Ed.), Ethnic Families in America, Elsevier, New York.
  • Bean, F. D. (1982) Estimates of the number of illegal migrants in the State of Texas, Texas Population Research Center Paper, No: 4.001, Austin.
  • Bean, F. D., Browning, H. L., and Frisbie, W. P. (1984) “The sociodemographic characteristics of immigrant status groups: Implication for studying undocumented migrants”, International Migration Review, 18: 673-691.
  • Bean, F. D., Espanshade, T. J., White, M. J., and Dymowski, R. F (1990) Post IRCA changes in the volume and the composition of undocumented migration to the U.S., An assessment based on apprehensions data, In Edmonston, B and Passel, J. S (Ed.), Undocumented Migration to the U.S.: IRCA and the Experience of 1980s, the Urban Institute Press, Washington D.C.
  • Blejer, M. I., Johnson, H. G. and Projecanski, A. C. (1978) “An analysis of the economic determinants of legal and illegal Mexican migration to the United States”, Research in Population Economics, 1: 217-231.
  • Bouvier, L. F, Gardner, R. W. (1986) “Immigration to the United States: The unfinished story”, Population Bulletin, 41: 4.
  • Bradshaw, B. S., Bean. F. D. (1972) Some aspects of the fertility of Mexican Americans, Demographic and Social Aspects of Population Growth. The Commission on Population Growth and the American Future, 1, Washington D.C.
  • Browning, H. L. (1968) Population on Mobility: Focus on Texas. Bureau of Business Research. University of Texas at Austin, Austin.
  • Bureau of the Census. (1992) Projections of the population of the United States, by age, sex, and race: 1983 to 2050, Current Population Reports Series, No: 952.
  • Conroy, M. E. (1985) Socio-economic incentives for migration from Mexico to U.S. Cross regional profiles, 1969-78, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, 11 April, Denver.
  • Day, F. A. Professor of Geography (1996) Interview by author, 3 August, Southwest Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas.
  • Fleisher, B. M. (1963) “Some economic aspects of Puerto Rican migration to the United States” Review of Economics and Statistics, 45: 2245-2253.
  • Fossett, M. A. (1982) Inequality and the relative size of minority populations: an examination of Anglo-Hispanic income inequality in the Metropolitan Southwest, Texas Population Research Center, Paper no: 4.018, Austin.
  • Funkhouser, E. (1992) Mass emigration, remittances, and economic adjustment: the case of El Salvador in the 1980s, In Borjas, G. J and. Freemand, R.B (Ed.), Immigration and the Work Force: Economic Consequences for the U.S. and Source Areas, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Jordan, T. G. (1980) Immigration to Texas, American Press, Boston.
  • Jordan, T. G., Bean, J. L. Jr., and. Holmes W. M. (1984) Texas: A geography, Westview Press, Colorado.
  • Kelly, C. B. (1979) Immigration policies of the United States of America, In Kubat, D (Ed.), The Politics of Immigration Policies, The Center for Migration Studies of New York, New York.
  • Latour, A. (1996) “How curbing immigration could hurt health care in inner cities, rural areas”, The Wall Street Journal, Tuesday, March 5, 6 (B).
  • Martin, P., Midgley, E (1994) “Immigration to the United States: Journey to an uncertain destination”, Population Bulletin, 49: 2
  • Massey, D. S. (1995) “The new immigration and ethnicity in the United States”, Population and Development Review, 21: 317-335.
  • Massey, D. S., et al. (1993) “Theories of international migration: A review and appraisal”, Population and Development Review, 19: 431- 461
  • Massey, D. S., et al. (1994) “An evaluation of International Migration Theory: the North American case”, Population and Development Review, 20: 699-751.
  • Meinig, D. W. (1969) Imperial Texas: An Interpretive Essay in Cultural Geography, University of Texas Press, Austin.
  • Ogden, P. E. (1984) Migration and Geographical Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Passel, J. S. (1985) “Undocumented immigrants: how many?” In Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, American Statistics Association, Washington D.C.
  • Rodriguez, N. P. (1987) “Undocumented Central Americans in Houston: diverse populations”, International Migration Review, 21: 1.
  • Sharp, J. (1993) Forces of Change: Shaping the Future of Texas, Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, 2: 1, Austin.
  • Weeks, J. R., Chande, R. H. (Eds.) (1992) Demographic Dynamics of the U.S- Mexican Border, Western Press, El Paso, Texas.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN TEXAS, 1990.

Year 2003, , 85 - 101, 01.08.2003
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000031

Abstract

This research compares socioeconomic characteristics of the foreign-born population to the “native” (non-foreign-born) American population of Texas. Two different two-way discriminant analyses were run in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) to compare the foreign-born and native populations in small areas. Those small areas were block groups, census designated areas, which usually contain 400 to 600 households. I chose block groups with concentrations of foreign-born and compared these groups with other groups to see which socioeconomic characteristics were more important in distinguishing areas with foreign-born population from other areas. The results of the discriminant analyses showed that the areas of foreign-born concentration were different from the native areas with their lower income, lower educational levels, lower percent of people with the ability to speak English, higher percent of population with Hispanic origin, and slightly higher unemployment rates

References

  • Allen, J. P., Turner, E. (1996) “Spatial patterns of immigrant assimilation”, The Professional Geographer, 48: 140-156.
  • Alvirez, D., Bean. F. D. (1976) The Mexican-American family, In Haberstein, R.B and Mindel, C. (Ed.), Ethnic Families in America, Elsevier, New York.
  • Bean, F. D. (1982) Estimates of the number of illegal migrants in the State of Texas, Texas Population Research Center Paper, No: 4.001, Austin.
  • Bean, F. D., Browning, H. L., and Frisbie, W. P. (1984) “The sociodemographic characteristics of immigrant status groups: Implication for studying undocumented migrants”, International Migration Review, 18: 673-691.
  • Bean, F. D., Espanshade, T. J., White, M. J., and Dymowski, R. F (1990) Post IRCA changes in the volume and the composition of undocumented migration to the U.S., An assessment based on apprehensions data, In Edmonston, B and Passel, J. S (Ed.), Undocumented Migration to the U.S.: IRCA and the Experience of 1980s, the Urban Institute Press, Washington D.C.
  • Blejer, M. I., Johnson, H. G. and Projecanski, A. C. (1978) “An analysis of the economic determinants of legal and illegal Mexican migration to the United States”, Research in Population Economics, 1: 217-231.
  • Bouvier, L. F, Gardner, R. W. (1986) “Immigration to the United States: The unfinished story”, Population Bulletin, 41: 4.
  • Bradshaw, B. S., Bean. F. D. (1972) Some aspects of the fertility of Mexican Americans, Demographic and Social Aspects of Population Growth. The Commission on Population Growth and the American Future, 1, Washington D.C.
  • Browning, H. L. (1968) Population on Mobility: Focus on Texas. Bureau of Business Research. University of Texas at Austin, Austin.
  • Bureau of the Census. (1992) Projections of the population of the United States, by age, sex, and race: 1983 to 2050, Current Population Reports Series, No: 952.
  • Conroy, M. E. (1985) Socio-economic incentives for migration from Mexico to U.S. Cross regional profiles, 1969-78, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, 11 April, Denver.
  • Day, F. A. Professor of Geography (1996) Interview by author, 3 August, Southwest Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas.
  • Fleisher, B. M. (1963) “Some economic aspects of Puerto Rican migration to the United States” Review of Economics and Statistics, 45: 2245-2253.
  • Fossett, M. A. (1982) Inequality and the relative size of minority populations: an examination of Anglo-Hispanic income inequality in the Metropolitan Southwest, Texas Population Research Center, Paper no: 4.018, Austin.
  • Funkhouser, E. (1992) Mass emigration, remittances, and economic adjustment: the case of El Salvador in the 1980s, In Borjas, G. J and. Freemand, R.B (Ed.), Immigration and the Work Force: Economic Consequences for the U.S. and Source Areas, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Jordan, T. G. (1980) Immigration to Texas, American Press, Boston.
  • Jordan, T. G., Bean, J. L. Jr., and. Holmes W. M. (1984) Texas: A geography, Westview Press, Colorado.
  • Kelly, C. B. (1979) Immigration policies of the United States of America, In Kubat, D (Ed.), The Politics of Immigration Policies, The Center for Migration Studies of New York, New York.
  • Latour, A. (1996) “How curbing immigration could hurt health care in inner cities, rural areas”, The Wall Street Journal, Tuesday, March 5, 6 (B).
  • Martin, P., Midgley, E (1994) “Immigration to the United States: Journey to an uncertain destination”, Population Bulletin, 49: 2
  • Massey, D. S. (1995) “The new immigration and ethnicity in the United States”, Population and Development Review, 21: 317-335.
  • Massey, D. S., et al. (1993) “Theories of international migration: A review and appraisal”, Population and Development Review, 19: 431- 461
  • Massey, D. S., et al. (1994) “An evaluation of International Migration Theory: the North American case”, Population and Development Review, 20: 699-751.
  • Meinig, D. W. (1969) Imperial Texas: An Interpretive Essay in Cultural Geography, University of Texas Press, Austin.
  • Ogden, P. E. (1984) Migration and Geographical Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Passel, J. S. (1985) “Undocumented immigrants: how many?” In Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, American Statistics Association, Washington D.C.
  • Rodriguez, N. P. (1987) “Undocumented Central Americans in Houston: diverse populations”, International Migration Review, 21: 1.
  • Sharp, J. (1993) Forces of Change: Shaping the Future of Texas, Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, 2: 1, Austin.
  • Weeks, J. R., Chande, R. H. (Eds.) (1992) Demographic Dynamics of the U.S- Mexican Border, Western Press, El Paso, Texas.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA48KY39PK
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yılmaz Arı

Publication Date August 1, 2003
Published in Issue Year 2003

Cite

APA Arı, Y. (2003). Teksas’ta Yabancı Doğumlu Nüfusun Karşılaştırmalı Analizi, 1990. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000031