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Türkiye’nin biyoklimatik koşullarının analizi

Year 2012, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 151 - 164, 01.08.2012
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000135

Abstract

Türkiye’nin biyoklimatik koşulları, 1975-2008 dönemine ait 69 istasyon verisi kullanılarak enlem, yükselti ve denizellik özellikleri dikkate alınarak belirlenmiştir. Aylık ortalama fizyolojik eşdeğer sıcaklıkların (FES) alansal dağılımında çoklu çizgisel regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalara göre Türkiye’nin güneyi ve batısındaki kıyı kuşağı ile alçak alanların (vadi tabanları ve ovalar) FES’leri, diğer alanlardan 5°C-25°C daha yüksektir. Kabaca kuzey güney yönlü uzanan dağ kütlelerinin FES’leri çevrelerindeki alçak alanlardan 10°C-30°C daha düşüktür.En yüksek FES değerleri, mayıs-eylül arasında güneydoğudaki alçak alanlarda, ekim-nisan arasında ise Akdeniz kıyısında görülmektedir. En düşük FES değerleri, sıcak dönemde, daha kuzeyde ve daha denizel olan Kaçkar Dağları zirvelerinde, soğuk dönemde, daha karasal ve daha yüksekte olan Büyük Ağrı Dağı zirvesinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Enlem, denizellik, yükselti arttıkça FES değerleri azalmaktadır.Yıllık ortalama FES değerleri,kuzeye doğru her 1° enlemde 1,3°C, 100 m’lik yükselti artışında 0,71°Cazalmakta, denizden uzaklaştıkça her 100 km’de 1,08°Cartmaktadır

References

  • Akman, Y., (1990), İklim ve Biyoiklim: Biyoiklim Metotları ve Türkiye İklimleri, Palme Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • ASHRAE (AmericanSociety of Heating, RefrigeratingandAir-ConditioningEngineers) 55-2004 ASHRAEStandard 55-2004- Thermal EnvironmentalConditionsfor Human Occupancy.
  • Büttner K (1938) PhysikalischeBioklimatologie. AkademischeVerlagsgesellschaft Leipzig.
  • Driscoll, D.M., (1992). ThermalComfortIndexes. CurrentUsesandAbuses. Nat. Weather Digest, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 4:33-38.
  • Epstein, Y., Moran, D. S., 2006. ThermalComfortandtheHeatStressIndices. IndustrialHealth, Cilt: 44, Sayı: 2: 388–398.
  • Gagge, A. P., Stolwijk, J. A. J., Nishi, Y., (1971). An EffectiveTemperatureScaleBased on a Simple Model Of Human PhysiologicalRegulatoryResponse. ASHRAETransactions, Cilt: 77: Sayı: 2: 247-257.
  • HoughtonFC, YaglouCP (1923) Determiningequalcomfortlines. J AmSocHeatVentEngrs 29, 165–76.
  • Höppe, P. (1999). ThePhysiologicalEquivalentTemperature—A Universal Index ForTheBiometeorologicalAssessment Of TheThermal Environment. International JournalBiometeorology Cilt: 43, Sayı: 1: 71–75.
  • ISO (International OrganizationforStandardization) 7726: 2002. Ergonomics of thethermalenvironment - Instruments formeasuringphysicalquantities.
  • Landsberg, H.E., (1972). TheAssessment of Human Bioclimate, a Limited Review of PhysicalParameters. World MeteorologicalOrganization, Technical Note No. 123, WMO-No. 331, Geneva.
  • Maarouf, A.R. ve MunnR.E., (2005). Bioclimatology, İçinde Encyclopedia of World Climatology, Oliver, E., J., Springer, Dordrecht. : 158-165.
  • Matzarakis A, Mayer H., Iziomon M. G., (1999). Applications of A Universal Thermal Index: PhysiologicalEquivalentTemperature. International Journal of Biometeorology, Cilt: 43, Sayı. 1: 76–84.
  • Parsons, K.C., (2003). Human ThermalEnvironments: TheEffects Of Hot, Moderate, AndColdEnvironments On Human Health, ComfortAndPerformance. Taylor & Francis, London, New York.
  • Pedhazur, E. J., (1982). Multipleregression in behavioralresearch: Explanationandprediction (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehartand Winston, New York.
  • VDI, 1998. VDI (VereinDeutscherIngenieure) 3787, Part I: EnvironmentalMeteorology, MethodsforThe Human Biometeorological Evaluation Of ClimateAndAirQualityForThe Urban AndRegional Planning At Regional Level. Part I: Climate. Beuth, Berlin

The Analysis of Bioclimatic Conditions of Turkey

Year 2012, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 151 - 164, 01.08.2012
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000135

Abstract

The bioclimatic conditions of Turkey have been carried out by the multi linear regression analysis of latitude, elevation and maritime parameters and monthly mean physiologically equivalent temperatures (PET) of 69 stations which has measurements between 1975 and 2008. At the end of calculations, it is concluded that the coastal areas and terrestrial lowlands (valleys and plains) has higher (5°C-25°C) PET values than the other parts of the country. The massive mountain ranges of the AnatoliaPeninsula have lower (10°C-30°C) PET values than their lower environs. The highest PET values have been observed at the terrestrial lowlands which is located in the southeastern parts of the country during the warm period (from May to September) and at the Mediterranean Sea coast during the cool period (from October to April). While for the warm period the lowest PET values have been calculated at the KaçkarMountains where is located further north and more maritime, it’s calculated at GreatAraratMountains peak for the cool period. Furthermore, as a result it is found that when latitude, elevation and maritime values increase, the PET values of the location decrease. For the 1° increase of latitude value, the annual PET means decreases 1,3°C, for the 100 m the decreasing amount of the annual PET means is 0,71°C and for each 100 km from the coast the annual PET means increase 1,08°C

References

  • Akman, Y., (1990), İklim ve Biyoiklim: Biyoiklim Metotları ve Türkiye İklimleri, Palme Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • ASHRAE (AmericanSociety of Heating, RefrigeratingandAir-ConditioningEngineers) 55-2004 ASHRAEStandard 55-2004- Thermal EnvironmentalConditionsfor Human Occupancy.
  • Büttner K (1938) PhysikalischeBioklimatologie. AkademischeVerlagsgesellschaft Leipzig.
  • Driscoll, D.M., (1992). ThermalComfortIndexes. CurrentUsesandAbuses. Nat. Weather Digest, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 4:33-38.
  • Epstein, Y., Moran, D. S., 2006. ThermalComfortandtheHeatStressIndices. IndustrialHealth, Cilt: 44, Sayı: 2: 388–398.
  • Gagge, A. P., Stolwijk, J. A. J., Nishi, Y., (1971). An EffectiveTemperatureScaleBased on a Simple Model Of Human PhysiologicalRegulatoryResponse. ASHRAETransactions, Cilt: 77: Sayı: 2: 247-257.
  • HoughtonFC, YaglouCP (1923) Determiningequalcomfortlines. J AmSocHeatVentEngrs 29, 165–76.
  • Höppe, P. (1999). ThePhysiologicalEquivalentTemperature—A Universal Index ForTheBiometeorologicalAssessment Of TheThermal Environment. International JournalBiometeorology Cilt: 43, Sayı: 1: 71–75.
  • ISO (International OrganizationforStandardization) 7726: 2002. Ergonomics of thethermalenvironment - Instruments formeasuringphysicalquantities.
  • Landsberg, H.E., (1972). TheAssessment of Human Bioclimate, a Limited Review of PhysicalParameters. World MeteorologicalOrganization, Technical Note No. 123, WMO-No. 331, Geneva.
  • Maarouf, A.R. ve MunnR.E., (2005). Bioclimatology, İçinde Encyclopedia of World Climatology, Oliver, E., J., Springer, Dordrecht. : 158-165.
  • Matzarakis A, Mayer H., Iziomon M. G., (1999). Applications of A Universal Thermal Index: PhysiologicalEquivalentTemperature. International Journal of Biometeorology, Cilt: 43, Sayı. 1: 76–84.
  • Parsons, K.C., (2003). Human ThermalEnvironments: TheEffects Of Hot, Moderate, AndColdEnvironments On Human Health, ComfortAndPerformance. Taylor & Francis, London, New York.
  • Pedhazur, E. J., (1982). Multipleregression in behavioralresearch: Explanationandprediction (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehartand Winston, New York.
  • VDI, 1998. VDI (VereinDeutscherIngenieure) 3787, Part I: EnvironmentalMeteorology, MethodsforThe Human Biometeorological Evaluation Of ClimateAndAirQualityForThe Urban AndRegional Planning At Regional Level. Part I: Climate. Beuth, Berlin
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA52SA62MA
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Onur Çalışkan

Nejla Türkoğlu This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çalışkan, O., & Türkoğlu, N. (2012). Türkiye’nin biyoklimatik koşullarının analizi. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 10(2), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000135