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KAZDAĞI MİLLİ PARKI’NDA ARAZİ ÖRTÜSÜ ORGANİZASYONUNU KONTROL EDEN JEOMORFOMETRİK FAKTÖRLER: BİR CBS YAKLAŞIMI

Year 2006, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 37 - 47, 01.08.2006
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000067

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kazdağı Milli Parkı’nda peyzajda arazi örtüsü organizasyonu üzerine abiyotik çevresel faktörlerden jeomorfometrik faktörlerin rolünü belirlemektir. Çalışmanın hipotezi, “jeomorfometrik parametreler, peyzajda toplulukların dağılışında önemli rol oynamaktadır”. Çalışmanın metodolojik önemi ise “Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) nin bitki habitatlarının fiziki özelliklerini belirlemedeki önemini vurgulamaktır”. Yükselti, eğim, bakı, topografik nemlilik indeksi, eğrilik derecesi, sıcaklık ve yağış faktörleri arazi örtüsü ile ilişkili çevresel faktörler olarak kullanılmıştır. Çevresel değişkenlerin haritalanmasında ve analizinde CBS teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Arazi örtüsü ve yer şekillerinin karakteristikleri arasındaki korelasyon analizi zonal istatistik kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bu nedenle jeomorfometrik faktörler nominal veri şekline dönüştürülmüş ve ham değerler yerine sınıflar analize tabi tutulmuştur. Analizler, peyzajda arazi örtüsünün yayılımı ve relief ile ilişkili çevresel faktörler arasında ilişkinin varlığını göstermektedir

References

  • Allen, R.B. ve Peet, R.K. (1990) “Gradient analysis of forests of the Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado”, Canadian Journal of Botany, 68, 193-201.
  • Atalay, İ. (1994) Türkiye Vejetasyon Coğrafyası, Ege Üniversitesi Basım Evi, Bornava İzmir.
  • Atalay, İ. (2002) Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Bölgeleri, Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No:163, İzmir.
  • Avcı, M. (2005) “Çeşitlilik ve endemizm açısından Türkiye’nin bitki örtüsü”, Coğrafya Dergisi, 13, 27-55
  • Barnes, B.V., K. S. Pregitzer, T. A. Spies, ve Spooner, V.H. (1982) “Ecological forest site classification”, J. Forest., 8, 493- 498
  • Barrio, G. d., Alvera, B., Puigdefabregas, J. ve Diez, C. (1997) “Response of high mountain landscape to topographic variables: central pyrenees”, Landscape Ecology, 12, 95–116
  • Bolstad, P. V., Swank, W. ve Vose, J. (1998) “Predicting southern Appalachian overstory vegetation with digital terrain data”, Landscape Ecology, 13, 271–283.
  • Burrough, P.A. (1986) Principals of Geographic Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England.
  • Dönmez, Y. (1990) Umumi Klimatoloji ve İklim Çalışmaları, İ.Ü. Yayın No: 3648, İstanbul.
  • Efe, R. (2004) Biyocoğrafya, Çantay Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Erinç, S. (1977) Vejatasyon Coğrafyası, Coğrafya Enstitüsü Yayını, İstanbul.
  • Evans, I.S. (1972) “General geomorphometry, derivatives of altitude, and descriptive statistics”, Spatial Analysis in Geomorphology, Editör: R. J. Chorley, 17-90, Methuen and Co. Ltd., London.
  • Grayson, R. B., Moore, I.D. ve McMahon, T.A. (1992) “Physically based hydrologic modeling: 1. A terrain-based model for investigative purposes”, Water Resources Research, 28(10), 2639-2658.
  • Güngördü, M. (1999) Marmara Bölgesinin Bitki Coğrafyası. İ.Ü. Yayın No: 4176, İstanbul.
  • Host, G. E. ve Pregitzer, K.S. (1992) “Geomorphic influences on ground-flora and overstory composition in upland forests of northwestern lower Michigan”, Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22, 1547–1555.
  • Lieffers, V.J. ve Larkin-Lieffers, P.A. (1987) “Slope, aspect, and slope position as factors controlling grassland communities in the coulees of the Oldman River, Alberta”, Canadian Journal of Botany, 65, 1371-1378.
  • Mater, B. (1998) Toprak Coğrafyası. Çantay Kitapevi, İstanbul.
  • Mitasova, H., Hofieka, J., Zlocha, M. ve Iverson, L. R (1996) “Modeling topographic potential for erosion and deposition using GIS”, International Journal of Geographic Information Systems, 10, 629-641.
  • Moore, I.D., Grayson, R. B. ve Landson, A. R. (1991) “Digital terrain modeling: A review of hydrological, geomorphological, and biological applications”, Hydrological Processes, 5, 3–30.
  • Parker, A. J. (1982) “The topographic relative moisture index: an approach to soil moisture assessment in mountain terrain”, Physical Geography, 3(2), 160-168.
  • Swanson, F. J., Kratz, T. K., Caine, N. ve Woodmansee, R.G. (1988) “Landform effects on ecosystem patterns and processes: Geomorphic features of the earth’s surface regulate the distribution of organisms and processes”, Bioscience, 38(2), 92-98.
  • Tajchman, S.J. ve Boyles, R.L. (1993) “Topography and soil A and B horizons in the forested Appalachian watershed”, Northern Journal of American Forestry, 10, 93–94.
  • Tappeiner, U., Tasser, E. ve Tappeiner, G. (1998) “Modeling vegetation patterns using natural and anthropogenic influence factors: preliminary experience with a GIS based model applied to an Alpine area”, Ecological Modeling, 113, 225– 237.
  • Wathen, S.A. (1977) Maximum Insolation on a Surface as an Estimator of Site Quality, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, VPI and SU, Blacksburg, VA.
  • Zeverbergen, L.W. ve Thorne, C.R. (1987) “Quantitative analysis of land surface topography”, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 12, 47–56.

Geomorphometric Factors Controlling Landcover Organization in Kazdağ National Park: A GIS Approach

Year 2006, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 37 - 47, 01.08.2006
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000067

Abstract

The objectives of the study are to determine the role of geomorphometric factors as abiotic environmental factors in the organization of landcover across the landscape in Kazdağ National Park. The hypothesis is that geomorphometric factors play an important role in community distribution in the landscape. Methodological importance of this study is that Geographical Information Systems (GIS) play an important role to identify physical features of habitats. Elevation, slope, aspect, topographical humanity index, curvature, temperature, and precipitation factors were used to link landcover to environmental variables. GIS techniques were used to create maps for environmental variables and to analyze them. The analysis of correlation between landcover types and landform characteristics was performed using Zonal Statistics. Thus the geomorphometric factors had to be transferred into nominal data; therefore classes were used instead of raw values. Analyses show relationship between landcover, also vegetation distribution, and environmental factors due to the relief

References

  • Allen, R.B. ve Peet, R.K. (1990) “Gradient analysis of forests of the Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado”, Canadian Journal of Botany, 68, 193-201.
  • Atalay, İ. (1994) Türkiye Vejetasyon Coğrafyası, Ege Üniversitesi Basım Evi, Bornava İzmir.
  • Atalay, İ. (2002) Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Bölgeleri, Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No:163, İzmir.
  • Avcı, M. (2005) “Çeşitlilik ve endemizm açısından Türkiye’nin bitki örtüsü”, Coğrafya Dergisi, 13, 27-55
  • Barnes, B.V., K. S. Pregitzer, T. A. Spies, ve Spooner, V.H. (1982) “Ecological forest site classification”, J. Forest., 8, 493- 498
  • Barrio, G. d., Alvera, B., Puigdefabregas, J. ve Diez, C. (1997) “Response of high mountain landscape to topographic variables: central pyrenees”, Landscape Ecology, 12, 95–116
  • Bolstad, P. V., Swank, W. ve Vose, J. (1998) “Predicting southern Appalachian overstory vegetation with digital terrain data”, Landscape Ecology, 13, 271–283.
  • Burrough, P.A. (1986) Principals of Geographic Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England.
  • Dönmez, Y. (1990) Umumi Klimatoloji ve İklim Çalışmaları, İ.Ü. Yayın No: 3648, İstanbul.
  • Efe, R. (2004) Biyocoğrafya, Çantay Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Erinç, S. (1977) Vejatasyon Coğrafyası, Coğrafya Enstitüsü Yayını, İstanbul.
  • Evans, I.S. (1972) “General geomorphometry, derivatives of altitude, and descriptive statistics”, Spatial Analysis in Geomorphology, Editör: R. J. Chorley, 17-90, Methuen and Co. Ltd., London.
  • Grayson, R. B., Moore, I.D. ve McMahon, T.A. (1992) “Physically based hydrologic modeling: 1. A terrain-based model for investigative purposes”, Water Resources Research, 28(10), 2639-2658.
  • Güngördü, M. (1999) Marmara Bölgesinin Bitki Coğrafyası. İ.Ü. Yayın No: 4176, İstanbul.
  • Host, G. E. ve Pregitzer, K.S. (1992) “Geomorphic influences on ground-flora and overstory composition in upland forests of northwestern lower Michigan”, Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22, 1547–1555.
  • Lieffers, V.J. ve Larkin-Lieffers, P.A. (1987) “Slope, aspect, and slope position as factors controlling grassland communities in the coulees of the Oldman River, Alberta”, Canadian Journal of Botany, 65, 1371-1378.
  • Mater, B. (1998) Toprak Coğrafyası. Çantay Kitapevi, İstanbul.
  • Mitasova, H., Hofieka, J., Zlocha, M. ve Iverson, L. R (1996) “Modeling topographic potential for erosion and deposition using GIS”, International Journal of Geographic Information Systems, 10, 629-641.
  • Moore, I.D., Grayson, R. B. ve Landson, A. R. (1991) “Digital terrain modeling: A review of hydrological, geomorphological, and biological applications”, Hydrological Processes, 5, 3–30.
  • Parker, A. J. (1982) “The topographic relative moisture index: an approach to soil moisture assessment in mountain terrain”, Physical Geography, 3(2), 160-168.
  • Swanson, F. J., Kratz, T. K., Caine, N. ve Woodmansee, R.G. (1988) “Landform effects on ecosystem patterns and processes: Geomorphic features of the earth’s surface regulate the distribution of organisms and processes”, Bioscience, 38(2), 92-98.
  • Tajchman, S.J. ve Boyles, R.L. (1993) “Topography and soil A and B horizons in the forested Appalachian watershed”, Northern Journal of American Forestry, 10, 93–94.
  • Tappeiner, U., Tasser, E. ve Tappeiner, G. (1998) “Modeling vegetation patterns using natural and anthropogenic influence factors: preliminary experience with a GIS based model applied to an Alpine area”, Ecological Modeling, 113, 225– 237.
  • Wathen, S.A. (1977) Maximum Insolation on a Surface as an Estimator of Site Quality, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, VPI and SU, Blacksburg, VA.
  • Zeverbergen, L.W. ve Thorne, C.R. (1987) “Quantitative analysis of land surface topography”, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 12, 47–56.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA57SA44JJ
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Şermin Tağıl

Publication Date August 1, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tağıl, Ş. (2006). KAZDAĞI MİLLİ PARKI’NDA ARAZİ ÖRTÜSÜ ORGANİZASYONUNU KONTROL EDEN JEOMORFOMETRİK FAKTÖRLER: BİR CBS YAKLAŞIMI. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 4(2), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000067