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Doğal Yasa ve İlahi Buyruk Teorisi Bir Arada Savunulabilir mi?: John Duns Scotus’un Ahlak Felsefesi

Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 967 - 992, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408

Abstract

John Duns Scotus’un ahlak felsefesi, Tanrı’nın irade ve kudretine ayırdığı geniş alan dolayısıyla, ilahi buyruk teorisinin klasik bir örneği olarak ele alınır. Ancak, bazı düşünürler, onun ahlak felsefesinin ya bir tutarsızlık içerdiğini ya da doğal yasanın da Scotus düşüncesinde önemli bir rol oynadığını gündeme getirmişlerdir. İlahi buyruk teorisi ile doğal yasa teorisinin birbiriyle çelişen ya da aynı anda savunulması mümkün olmayan öğeleri göz önüne alınınca, Scotus’un bir tutarsızlık içinde olduğundan şüphelenilebilir. Ancak Orta Çağ’ın önde gelen düşünürlerinden olan ve eserlerinde kullandığı ustaca akıl yürütmeler dolayısıyla Doctor Substilis (incelikli zeka sahibi) lakabıyla tanınmış bir düşünürün tüm felsefesini üzerine bina ettiği görüşleri konusunda çelişki içinde olduğunu söylemek hızlıca varılmış bir sonuç olabilir. Bu makale, Scotus’un doğal yasa ve ilahi buyruk teorisini bir tutarsızlığa mahal vermeden nasıl kullandığını ve iki teori arasındaki sözde gerilimi nasıl cevapladığını gösterebilmeyi amaç edinmekte; söz konusu iki teorinin aynı anda kullanılmasının, birbirlerinin eksik yönlerini ortadan kaldırabileceğini savunmaktadır.


Thanks

Tez yazım sürecindeki eleştiri ve değerlendirmeleriyle çalışmanın nihai halini almasındaki değerli katkılarından dolayı danışman hocam Prof. Dr. Recep Kılıç’a ve makalenin son halini okuyarak değerlendirmelerini paylaşan İbrahim Yıldız ve Abdulkadir Tanış'a teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

References

  • Adams, Robert Merrihew. Finite and Infinite Goods: A Framework for Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Anselm of Canterbury. The Major Works. ed. Brian Davies, G.R. Evans. Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Philosophical Writings. Ed. T. McDermott. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. “Duns Scotus’ta Adalet Eğilimi ile Kant’ta En Yüksek İyi Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma.” Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 2 (2019): 32-42.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. John Duns Scotus’un Tanrı ve Ahlak Anlayışı. Ankara: İlahiyat Yay., 2022.
  • Audi, Robert. “Divine Command Morality and Autonomy of Ethics.” Faith and Philosophy 24:2 (2007): 121-143.
  • Bettoni, Efrem. Duns Scotus: The Basic Principles of His Philosophy. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1961.
  • Boler, John. “Transcending the Natural: Duns Scotus on the Two Affections of the Will.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73:1 (1993): 109-126.
  • Copleston, Frederick. A History of Philosophy: Augustine to Scotus. 2. cilt. Londra: Search Press, 1976.
  • Cross, Richard. Great Medieval Thinkers: Duns Scotus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlâk, Tanrı ve Yasa. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Analogies between al-Māturīdī’s and Duns Scotus’s Ethical Perspectives.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 28:4 (2017): 473-491.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Skolastik Felsefede Ahlâkın İnsan Doğası ve Tanrı ile İlişkisi.” Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 23:44 (2021): 355-379.
  • Dumont, Stephen D. “John Duns Scotus.” A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, der. J. J. E. Gracia, T. B. Noone, içinde, 353-369. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
  • Edwards, Rem Blanchard. Freedom, Responsibility and Obligation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969.
  • Emon, Anver, vd. Natural Law: A Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Trialogue. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Erdem, Engin. “Doğal Yasa Teorisi ve İbn Sînâ’nın ‘Sünnet(ullah)’ Anlayışı.” Diyanet İlmi Dergi 50:1 (2014): 51-66.
  • Evans, C. Stephen. God and Moral Obligation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 187-197.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Çev. Fehrullah Terkan, “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 199-210.
  • Hare, John E. God’s Call: Moral Realism, God’s Command and Human Autonomy. Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001.
  • Hare, John. God and Morality: A Philosophical History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Harris, C. R. S. Duns Scotus. 2 cilt. New York: Oxford University Press, I927.
  • Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth ve Mechthild Dreyer. The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. Washington D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth. “Duns Scotus, Morality and Happiness: A Reply to Thomas Williams.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 74 (2000): 146-172.
  • Ingham, Mery Beth. “Letting Scotus Speak for Himself.” Medieval Philosophy and Theology 10 (2001): 173-216.
  • İskenderoğlu, Muammer. “Thomas Aquinas’ta İman, Teoloji ve Akıl İlişkisi.” Divan İlmi Araştırmalar 16 (2004/1): 209-226.
  • Jones, W.T. Ortaçağ Düşüncesi: Batı Felsefesi Tarihi. 2 cilt. Çev. Hakkı Hünler. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Kent, Bonnie. “Rethinking Moral Dispositions.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, ed. Thomas Williams, 352-376. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Kent, Bonnie. Virtues in the Will: The Transformation of Ethics in the Late Thirteenth Century. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
  • King, Peter. “Duns Scotus on the Common Nature and the Individual Differentia.” Philosophical Topics 20 (1992): 50–76.
  • Lee, Patrick. “Aquinas and Scotus on Liberty and Natural Law.” Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 56 (1982): 70-78.
  • McKim, Robert. Religious Ambiguity and Religious Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Möhle, Hannes. “Scotus’s Theory of Natural Law.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Ed. Thomas Williams, içinde 312-331. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Thomas Aquinas’ta Akıl Vahiy İlişkisi.” Uluslararası 13. Yüzyılda Felsefe Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Ed. Murat Demirkol, Enes Kala, içinde 671-680. Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Yay., 2014.
  • Özkan, Fatih. “Duns Scotus’ta Tanrı ve Ahlak Yasası.” Beytülhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9:1 (2019): 181-210.
  • Özkan, Fatih. Duns Scotus’ta İradecilik. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008.
  • Park, Woosuk. “The Problem of Individuation for Scotus: A Principle of Indivisibility or a Principle of Distinction?” Franciscan Studies 48 (1988): 105-123.
  • Park, Woosuk. “Haecceitas and the Bare Particular.” Review of Metaphysics 44 (1990): 375-397.
  • Platon, Euthyphron–Dindarlık Üzerine. Çev. Güvenç Şar. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 2011.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990): 345-363.
  • Quinton, Anthony. “British Philosophy.” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. P. Edwards, 8 cilt. Londra: Collier-Macmillan, 1965.
  • Reçber, M. Sait. “Tanrı ve Ahlaki Doğruların Zorunluluğu.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 44:1 (2003): 135-160.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Contingency and Freedom: Lectura I 39. Çev. A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, vd. Utrect: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
  • Scotus, John Duns. God and Creatures: The Quodlibetal Questions. Çev. Felix Alluntis, Allan B. Wolter. Princeton University Press, 1975.
  • Scotus, John Duns. On The Will and Morality. Çev. ve ed., Allan B. Wolter, William A. Frank. Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio II, d. 3. Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2022. http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SCOTUS.Ord2d3p2q2.trns.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio III, d. 37. Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2022. https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/blackwell-proofs/MP_C46.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Reportata Parisiensia II. Paris: Vives, 1894. Erişim Tarihi: 06.07.2022. https://archive.org/details/operaomnia23duns/page/104/mode/1up.
  • Mawson, T. J. “The Euthyphro Dilemma.” Think 7:20 (2008): 25-33.
  • Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
  • Wierenga, Edward. “A Defensible Divine Command Theory.” Nous 17:3 (1983): 387-407.
  • Williams, Thomas. “Reason, Morality and Voluntarism in Duns Scotus: A Pseudo-Problem Dissolved.” The Modern Schoolman 74 (1997): 73-94.
  • Williams, Thomas. “The Unmitigated Scotus.” Archiv für Geschicte der Philosophien 80:2 (1998): 162-181.
  • Wolter, Alan B. “Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus.” The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus, ed. M. M. Adams, içinde 148-162. New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis, 2019.
  • Yıldız, İbrahim. “İslam ve Dini Çoğulculuk: Abdülaziz Sachedina Örneği.” İslam Düşüncesi Araştırmaları -III- Yaşadığımız Çağ, ed. Hasan Harmancı, İbrahim Yıldız, içinde 251-264. Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, 2021.
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. The Concept of Moral Obligation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 967 - 992, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408

Abstract

References

  • Adams, Robert Merrihew. Finite and Infinite Goods: A Framework for Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Anselm of Canterbury. The Major Works. ed. Brian Davies, G.R. Evans. Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Philosophical Writings. Ed. T. McDermott. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. “Duns Scotus’ta Adalet Eğilimi ile Kant’ta En Yüksek İyi Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma.” Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 2 (2019): 32-42.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. John Duns Scotus’un Tanrı ve Ahlak Anlayışı. Ankara: İlahiyat Yay., 2022.
  • Audi, Robert. “Divine Command Morality and Autonomy of Ethics.” Faith and Philosophy 24:2 (2007): 121-143.
  • Bettoni, Efrem. Duns Scotus: The Basic Principles of His Philosophy. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1961.
  • Boler, John. “Transcending the Natural: Duns Scotus on the Two Affections of the Will.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73:1 (1993): 109-126.
  • Copleston, Frederick. A History of Philosophy: Augustine to Scotus. 2. cilt. Londra: Search Press, 1976.
  • Cross, Richard. Great Medieval Thinkers: Duns Scotus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlâk, Tanrı ve Yasa. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Analogies between al-Māturīdī’s and Duns Scotus’s Ethical Perspectives.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 28:4 (2017): 473-491.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Skolastik Felsefede Ahlâkın İnsan Doğası ve Tanrı ile İlişkisi.” Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 23:44 (2021): 355-379.
  • Dumont, Stephen D. “John Duns Scotus.” A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, der. J. J. E. Gracia, T. B. Noone, içinde, 353-369. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
  • Edwards, Rem Blanchard. Freedom, Responsibility and Obligation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969.
  • Emon, Anver, vd. Natural Law: A Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Trialogue. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Erdem, Engin. “Doğal Yasa Teorisi ve İbn Sînâ’nın ‘Sünnet(ullah)’ Anlayışı.” Diyanet İlmi Dergi 50:1 (2014): 51-66.
  • Evans, C. Stephen. God and Moral Obligation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 187-197.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Çev. Fehrullah Terkan, “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 199-210.
  • Hare, John E. God’s Call: Moral Realism, God’s Command and Human Autonomy. Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001.
  • Hare, John. God and Morality: A Philosophical History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Harris, C. R. S. Duns Scotus. 2 cilt. New York: Oxford University Press, I927.
  • Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth ve Mechthild Dreyer. The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. Washington D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth. “Duns Scotus, Morality and Happiness: A Reply to Thomas Williams.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 74 (2000): 146-172.
  • Ingham, Mery Beth. “Letting Scotus Speak for Himself.” Medieval Philosophy and Theology 10 (2001): 173-216.
  • İskenderoğlu, Muammer. “Thomas Aquinas’ta İman, Teoloji ve Akıl İlişkisi.” Divan İlmi Araştırmalar 16 (2004/1): 209-226.
  • Jones, W.T. Ortaçağ Düşüncesi: Batı Felsefesi Tarihi. 2 cilt. Çev. Hakkı Hünler. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Kent, Bonnie. “Rethinking Moral Dispositions.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, ed. Thomas Williams, 352-376. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Kent, Bonnie. Virtues in the Will: The Transformation of Ethics in the Late Thirteenth Century. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
  • King, Peter. “Duns Scotus on the Common Nature and the Individual Differentia.” Philosophical Topics 20 (1992): 50–76.
  • Lee, Patrick. “Aquinas and Scotus on Liberty and Natural Law.” Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 56 (1982): 70-78.
  • McKim, Robert. Religious Ambiguity and Religious Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Möhle, Hannes. “Scotus’s Theory of Natural Law.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Ed. Thomas Williams, içinde 312-331. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Thomas Aquinas’ta Akıl Vahiy İlişkisi.” Uluslararası 13. Yüzyılda Felsefe Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Ed. Murat Demirkol, Enes Kala, içinde 671-680. Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Yay., 2014.
  • Özkan, Fatih. “Duns Scotus’ta Tanrı ve Ahlak Yasası.” Beytülhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9:1 (2019): 181-210.
  • Özkan, Fatih. Duns Scotus’ta İradecilik. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008.
  • Park, Woosuk. “The Problem of Individuation for Scotus: A Principle of Indivisibility or a Principle of Distinction?” Franciscan Studies 48 (1988): 105-123.
  • Park, Woosuk. “Haecceitas and the Bare Particular.” Review of Metaphysics 44 (1990): 375-397.
  • Platon, Euthyphron–Dindarlık Üzerine. Çev. Güvenç Şar. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 2011.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990): 345-363.
  • Quinton, Anthony. “British Philosophy.” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. P. Edwards, 8 cilt. Londra: Collier-Macmillan, 1965.
  • Reçber, M. Sait. “Tanrı ve Ahlaki Doğruların Zorunluluğu.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 44:1 (2003): 135-160.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Contingency and Freedom: Lectura I 39. Çev. A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, vd. Utrect: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
  • Scotus, John Duns. God and Creatures: The Quodlibetal Questions. Çev. Felix Alluntis, Allan B. Wolter. Princeton University Press, 1975.
  • Scotus, John Duns. On The Will and Morality. Çev. ve ed., Allan B. Wolter, William A. Frank. Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio II, d. 3. Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2022. http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SCOTUS.Ord2d3p2q2.trns.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio III, d. 37. Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2022. https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/blackwell-proofs/MP_C46.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Reportata Parisiensia II. Paris: Vives, 1894. Erişim Tarihi: 06.07.2022. https://archive.org/details/operaomnia23duns/page/104/mode/1up.
  • Mawson, T. J. “The Euthyphro Dilemma.” Think 7:20 (2008): 25-33.
  • Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
  • Wierenga, Edward. “A Defensible Divine Command Theory.” Nous 17:3 (1983): 387-407.
  • Williams, Thomas. “Reason, Morality and Voluntarism in Duns Scotus: A Pseudo-Problem Dissolved.” The Modern Schoolman 74 (1997): 73-94.
  • Williams, Thomas. “The Unmitigated Scotus.” Archiv für Geschicte der Philosophien 80:2 (1998): 162-181.
  • Wolter, Alan B. “Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus.” The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus, ed. M. M. Adams, içinde 148-162. New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis, 2019.
  • Yıldız, İbrahim. “İslam ve Dini Çoğulculuk: Abdülaziz Sachedina Örneği.” İslam Düşüncesi Araştırmaları -III- Yaşadığımız Çağ, ed. Hasan Harmancı, İbrahim Yıldız, içinde 251-264. Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, 2021.
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. The Concept of Moral Obligation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 967 - 992, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408

Abstract

References

  • Adams, Robert Merrihew. Finite and Infinite Goods: A Framework for Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Anselm of Canterbury. The Major Works. ed. Brian Davies, G.R. Evans. Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Philosophical Writings. Ed. T. McDermott. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. “Duns Scotus’ta Adalet Eğilimi ile Kant’ta En Yüksek İyi Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma.” Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 2 (2019): 32-42.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. John Duns Scotus’un Tanrı ve Ahlak Anlayışı. Ankara: İlahiyat Yay., 2022.
  • Audi, Robert. “Divine Command Morality and Autonomy of Ethics.” Faith and Philosophy 24:2 (2007): 121-143.
  • Bettoni, Efrem. Duns Scotus: The Basic Principles of His Philosophy. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1961.
  • Boler, John. “Transcending the Natural: Duns Scotus on the Two Affections of the Will.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73:1 (1993): 109-126.
  • Copleston, Frederick. A History of Philosophy: Augustine to Scotus. 2. cilt. Londra: Search Press, 1976.
  • Cross, Richard. Great Medieval Thinkers: Duns Scotus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlâk, Tanrı ve Yasa. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Analogies between al-Māturīdī’s and Duns Scotus’s Ethical Perspectives.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 28:4 (2017): 473-491.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Skolastik Felsefede Ahlâkın İnsan Doğası ve Tanrı ile İlişkisi.” Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 23:44 (2021): 355-379.
  • Dumont, Stephen D. “John Duns Scotus.” A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, der. J. J. E. Gracia, T. B. Noone, içinde, 353-369. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
  • Edwards, Rem Blanchard. Freedom, Responsibility and Obligation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969.
  • Emon, Anver, vd. Natural Law: A Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Trialogue. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Erdem, Engin. “Doğal Yasa Teorisi ve İbn Sînâ’nın ‘Sünnet(ullah)’ Anlayışı.” Diyanet İlmi Dergi 50:1 (2014): 51-66.
  • Evans, C. Stephen. God and Moral Obligation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 187-197.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Çev. Fehrullah Terkan, “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 199-210.
  • Hare, John E. God’s Call: Moral Realism, God’s Command and Human Autonomy. Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001.
  • Hare, John. God and Morality: A Philosophical History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Harris, C. R. S. Duns Scotus. 2 cilt. New York: Oxford University Press, I927.
  • Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth ve Mechthild Dreyer. The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. Washington D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth. “Duns Scotus, Morality and Happiness: A Reply to Thomas Williams.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 74 (2000): 146-172.
  • Ingham, Mery Beth. “Letting Scotus Speak for Himself.” Medieval Philosophy and Theology 10 (2001): 173-216.
  • İskenderoğlu, Muammer. “Thomas Aquinas’ta İman, Teoloji ve Akıl İlişkisi.” Divan İlmi Araştırmalar 16 (2004/1): 209-226.
  • Jones, W.T. Ortaçağ Düşüncesi: Batı Felsefesi Tarihi. 2 cilt. Çev. Hakkı Hünler. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Kent, Bonnie. “Rethinking Moral Dispositions.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, ed. Thomas Williams, 352-376. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Kent, Bonnie. Virtues in the Will: The Transformation of Ethics in the Late Thirteenth Century. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
  • King, Peter. “Duns Scotus on the Common Nature and the Individual Differentia.” Philosophical Topics 20 (1992): 50–76.
  • Lee, Patrick. “Aquinas and Scotus on Liberty and Natural Law.” Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 56 (1982): 70-78.
  • McKim, Robert. Religious Ambiguity and Religious Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Möhle, Hannes. “Scotus’s Theory of Natural Law.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Ed. Thomas Williams, içinde 312-331. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Thomas Aquinas’ta Akıl Vahiy İlişkisi.” Uluslararası 13. Yüzyılda Felsefe Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Ed. Murat Demirkol, Enes Kala, içinde 671-680. Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Yay., 2014.
  • Özkan, Fatih. “Duns Scotus’ta Tanrı ve Ahlak Yasası.” Beytülhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9:1 (2019): 181-210.
  • Özkan, Fatih. Duns Scotus’ta İradecilik. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008.
  • Park, Woosuk. “The Problem of Individuation for Scotus: A Principle of Indivisibility or a Principle of Distinction?” Franciscan Studies 48 (1988): 105-123.
  • Park, Woosuk. “Haecceitas and the Bare Particular.” Review of Metaphysics 44 (1990): 375-397.
  • Platon, Euthyphron–Dindarlık Üzerine. Çev. Güvenç Şar. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 2011.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990): 345-363.
  • Quinton, Anthony. “British Philosophy.” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. P. Edwards, 8 cilt. Londra: Collier-Macmillan, 1965.
  • Reçber, M. Sait. “Tanrı ve Ahlaki Doğruların Zorunluluğu.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 44:1 (2003): 135-160.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Contingency and Freedom: Lectura I 39. Çev. A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, vd. Utrect: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
  • Scotus, John Duns. God and Creatures: The Quodlibetal Questions. Çev. Felix Alluntis, Allan B. Wolter. Princeton University Press, 1975.
  • Scotus, John Duns. On The Will and Morality. Çev. ve ed., Allan B. Wolter, William A. Frank. Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio II, d. 3. Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2022. http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SCOTUS.Ord2d3p2q2.trns.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio III, d. 37. Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2022. https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/blackwell-proofs/MP_C46.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Reportata Parisiensia II. Paris: Vives, 1894. Erişim Tarihi: 06.07.2022. https://archive.org/details/operaomnia23duns/page/104/mode/1up.
  • Mawson, T. J. “The Euthyphro Dilemma.” Think 7:20 (2008): 25-33.
  • Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
  • Wierenga, Edward. “A Defensible Divine Command Theory.” Nous 17:3 (1983): 387-407.
  • Williams, Thomas. “Reason, Morality and Voluntarism in Duns Scotus: A Pseudo-Problem Dissolved.” The Modern Schoolman 74 (1997): 73-94.
  • Williams, Thomas. “The Unmitigated Scotus.” Archiv für Geschicte der Philosophien 80:2 (1998): 162-181.
  • Wolter, Alan B. “Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus.” The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus, ed. M. M. Adams, içinde 148-162. New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis, 2019.
  • Yıldız, İbrahim. “İslam ve Dini Çoğulculuk: Abdülaziz Sachedina Örneği.” İslam Düşüncesi Araştırmaları -III- Yaşadığımız Çağ, ed. Hasan Harmancı, İbrahim Yıldız, içinde 251-264. Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, 2021.
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. The Concept of Moral Obligation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 967 - 992, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408

Abstract

References

  • Adams, Robert Merrihew. Finite and Infinite Goods: A Framework for Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Anselm of Canterbury. The Major Works. ed. Brian Davies, G.R. Evans. Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Philosophical Writings. Ed. T. McDermott. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. “Duns Scotus’ta Adalet Eğilimi ile Kant’ta En Yüksek İyi Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma.” Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 2 (2019): 32-42.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. John Duns Scotus’un Tanrı ve Ahlak Anlayışı. Ankara: İlahiyat Yay., 2022.
  • Audi, Robert. “Divine Command Morality and Autonomy of Ethics.” Faith and Philosophy 24:2 (2007): 121-143.
  • Bettoni, Efrem. Duns Scotus: The Basic Principles of His Philosophy. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1961.
  • Boler, John. “Transcending the Natural: Duns Scotus on the Two Affections of the Will.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73:1 (1993): 109-126.
  • Copleston, Frederick. A History of Philosophy: Augustine to Scotus. 2. cilt. Londra: Search Press, 1976.
  • Cross, Richard. Great Medieval Thinkers: Duns Scotus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlâk, Tanrı ve Yasa. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Analogies between al-Māturīdī’s and Duns Scotus’s Ethical Perspectives.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 28:4 (2017): 473-491.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Skolastik Felsefede Ahlâkın İnsan Doğası ve Tanrı ile İlişkisi.” Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 23:44 (2021): 355-379.
  • Dumont, Stephen D. “John Duns Scotus.” A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, der. J. J. E. Gracia, T. B. Noone, içinde, 353-369. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
  • Edwards, Rem Blanchard. Freedom, Responsibility and Obligation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969.
  • Emon, Anver, vd. Natural Law: A Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Trialogue. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Erdem, Engin. “Doğal Yasa Teorisi ve İbn Sînâ’nın ‘Sünnet(ullah)’ Anlayışı.” Diyanet İlmi Dergi 50:1 (2014): 51-66.
  • Evans, C. Stephen. God and Moral Obligation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 187-197.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Çev. Fehrullah Terkan, “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 199-210.
  • Hare, John E. God’s Call: Moral Realism, God’s Command and Human Autonomy. Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001.
  • Hare, John. God and Morality: A Philosophical History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Harris, C. R. S. Duns Scotus. 2 cilt. New York: Oxford University Press, I927.
  • Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth ve Mechthild Dreyer. The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. Washington D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth. “Duns Scotus, Morality and Happiness: A Reply to Thomas Williams.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 74 (2000): 146-172.
  • Ingham, Mery Beth. “Letting Scotus Speak for Himself.” Medieval Philosophy and Theology 10 (2001): 173-216.
  • İskenderoğlu, Muammer. “Thomas Aquinas’ta İman, Teoloji ve Akıl İlişkisi.” Divan İlmi Araştırmalar 16 (2004/1): 209-226.
  • Jones, W.T. Ortaçağ Düşüncesi: Batı Felsefesi Tarihi. 2 cilt. Çev. Hakkı Hünler. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Kent, Bonnie. “Rethinking Moral Dispositions.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, ed. Thomas Williams, 352-376. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Kent, Bonnie. Virtues in the Will: The Transformation of Ethics in the Late Thirteenth Century. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
  • King, Peter. “Duns Scotus on the Common Nature and the Individual Differentia.” Philosophical Topics 20 (1992): 50–76.
  • Lee, Patrick. “Aquinas and Scotus on Liberty and Natural Law.” Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 56 (1982): 70-78.
  • McKim, Robert. Religious Ambiguity and Religious Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Möhle, Hannes. “Scotus’s Theory of Natural Law.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Ed. Thomas Williams, içinde 312-331. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Thomas Aquinas’ta Akıl Vahiy İlişkisi.” Uluslararası 13. Yüzyılda Felsefe Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Ed. Murat Demirkol, Enes Kala, içinde 671-680. Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Yay., 2014.
  • Özkan, Fatih. “Duns Scotus’ta Tanrı ve Ahlak Yasası.” Beytülhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9:1 (2019): 181-210.
  • Özkan, Fatih. Duns Scotus’ta İradecilik. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008.
  • Park, Woosuk. “The Problem of Individuation for Scotus: A Principle of Indivisibility or a Principle of Distinction?” Franciscan Studies 48 (1988): 105-123.
  • Park, Woosuk. “Haecceitas and the Bare Particular.” Review of Metaphysics 44 (1990): 375-397.
  • Platon, Euthyphron–Dindarlık Üzerine. Çev. Güvenç Şar. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 2011.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990): 345-363.
  • Quinton, Anthony. “British Philosophy.” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. P. Edwards, 8 cilt. Londra: Collier-Macmillan, 1965.
  • Reçber, M. Sait. “Tanrı ve Ahlaki Doğruların Zorunluluğu.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 44:1 (2003): 135-160.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Contingency and Freedom: Lectura I 39. Çev. A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, vd. Utrect: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
  • Scotus, John Duns. God and Creatures: The Quodlibetal Questions. Çev. Felix Alluntis, Allan B. Wolter. Princeton University Press, 1975.
  • Scotus, John Duns. On The Will and Morality. Çev. ve ed., Allan B. Wolter, William A. Frank. Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio II, d. 3. Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2022. http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SCOTUS.Ord2d3p2q2.trns.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio III, d. 37. Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2022. https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/blackwell-proofs/MP_C46.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Reportata Parisiensia II. Paris: Vives, 1894. Erişim Tarihi: 06.07.2022. https://archive.org/details/operaomnia23duns/page/104/mode/1up.
  • Mawson, T. J. “The Euthyphro Dilemma.” Think 7:20 (2008): 25-33.
  • Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
  • Wierenga, Edward. “A Defensible Divine Command Theory.” Nous 17:3 (1983): 387-407.
  • Williams, Thomas. “Reason, Morality and Voluntarism in Duns Scotus: A Pseudo-Problem Dissolved.” The Modern Schoolman 74 (1997): 73-94.
  • Williams, Thomas. “The Unmitigated Scotus.” Archiv für Geschicte der Philosophien 80:2 (1998): 162-181.
  • Wolter, Alan B. “Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus.” The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus, ed. M. M. Adams, içinde 148-162. New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis, 2019.
  • Yıldız, İbrahim. “İslam ve Dini Çoğulculuk: Abdülaziz Sachedina Örneği.” İslam Düşüncesi Araştırmaları -III- Yaşadığımız Çağ, ed. Hasan Harmancı, İbrahim Yıldız, içinde 251-264. Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, 2021.
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. The Concept of Moral Obligation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Can Natural Law and Divine Command Theory Keep Good Company?: John Duns Scotus on Morality

Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 967 - 992, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408

Abstract

John Duns Scotus’ moral philosophy is generally regarded as an archetypal example of divine command theory, owing to the extensive freedom it assigns to God’s will and power. However, some philosophers have recently suggested that either his moral philosophy is inconsistent or that natural law also plays an important role in Scotus’ thought. Considering the untenable elements of divine command and natural law theory, Scotus can be suspected of being inconsistent. Nevertheless, it definitely will be a quick assumption to claim that Scotus has a conflict among the views on which he based his entire philosophy. This article aims to illustrate how Scotus employs the natural law and divine command theories in his philosophy -synchronically- without causing inconsistency, how he answers the so-called tension between the two theories, and what is more, to demonstrate how the simultaneous use of these theories can eliminate the shortcomings of both.


References

  • Adams, Robert Merrihew. Finite and Infinite Goods: A Framework for Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Anselm of Canterbury. The Major Works. ed. Brian Davies, G.R. Evans. Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Philosophical Writings. Ed. T. McDermott. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. “Duns Scotus’ta Adalet Eğilimi ile Kant’ta En Yüksek İyi Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma.” Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 2 (2019): 32-42.
  • Aslantatar, Nesim. John Duns Scotus’un Tanrı ve Ahlak Anlayışı. Ankara: İlahiyat Yay., 2022.
  • Audi, Robert. “Divine Command Morality and Autonomy of Ethics.” Faith and Philosophy 24:2 (2007): 121-143.
  • Bettoni, Efrem. Duns Scotus: The Basic Principles of His Philosophy. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1961.
  • Boler, John. “Transcending the Natural: Duns Scotus on the Two Affections of the Will.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73:1 (1993): 109-126.
  • Copleston, Frederick. A History of Philosophy: Augustine to Scotus. 2. cilt. Londra: Search Press, 1976.
  • Cross, Richard. Great Medieval Thinkers: Duns Scotus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlâk, Tanrı ve Yasa. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Analogies between al-Māturīdī’s and Duns Scotus’s Ethical Perspectives.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 28:4 (2017): 473-491.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Skolastik Felsefede Ahlâkın İnsan Doğası ve Tanrı ile İlişkisi.” Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 23:44 (2021): 355-379.
  • Dumont, Stephen D. “John Duns Scotus.” A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, der. J. J. E. Gracia, T. B. Noone, içinde, 353-369. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
  • Edwards, Rem Blanchard. Freedom, Responsibility and Obligation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1969.
  • Emon, Anver, vd. Natural Law: A Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Trialogue. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Erdem, Engin. “Doğal Yasa Teorisi ve İbn Sînâ’nın ‘Sünnet(ullah)’ Anlayışı.” Diyanet İlmi Dergi 50:1 (2014): 51-66.
  • Evans, C. Stephen. God and Moral Obligation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 187-197.
  • Hare, John E. “Divine Command.” Çev. Fehrullah Terkan, “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53:2 (2012): 199-210.
  • Hare, John E. God’s Call: Moral Realism, God’s Command and Human Autonomy. Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001.
  • Hare, John. God and Morality: A Philosophical History. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Harris, C. R. S. Duns Scotus. 2 cilt. New York: Oxford University Press, I927.
  • Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth ve Mechthild Dreyer. The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. Washington D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004.
  • Ingham, Mary Beth. “Duns Scotus, Morality and Happiness: A Reply to Thomas Williams.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 74 (2000): 146-172.
  • Ingham, Mery Beth. “Letting Scotus Speak for Himself.” Medieval Philosophy and Theology 10 (2001): 173-216.
  • İskenderoğlu, Muammer. “Thomas Aquinas’ta İman, Teoloji ve Akıl İlişkisi.” Divan İlmi Araştırmalar 16 (2004/1): 209-226.
  • Jones, W.T. Ortaçağ Düşüncesi: Batı Felsefesi Tarihi. 2 cilt. Çev. Hakkı Hünler. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Kent, Bonnie. “Rethinking Moral Dispositions.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus, ed. Thomas Williams, 352-376. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Kent, Bonnie. Virtues in the Will: The Transformation of Ethics in the Late Thirteenth Century. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
  • King, Peter. “Duns Scotus on the Common Nature and the Individual Differentia.” Philosophical Topics 20 (1992): 50–76.
  • Lee, Patrick. “Aquinas and Scotus on Liberty and Natural Law.” Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 56 (1982): 70-78.
  • McKim, Robert. Religious Ambiguity and Religious Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Möhle, Hannes. “Scotus’s Theory of Natural Law.” The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Ed. Thomas Williams, içinde 312-331. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Thomas Aquinas’ta Akıl Vahiy İlişkisi.” Uluslararası 13. Yüzyılda Felsefe Sempozyumu Bildirileri. Ed. Murat Demirkol, Enes Kala, içinde 671-680. Ankara: Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Yay., 2014.
  • Özkan, Fatih. “Duns Scotus’ta Tanrı ve Ahlak Yasası.” Beytülhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 9:1 (2019): 181-210.
  • Özkan, Fatih. Duns Scotus’ta İradecilik. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008.
  • Park, Woosuk. “The Problem of Individuation for Scotus: A Principle of Indivisibility or a Principle of Distinction?” Franciscan Studies 48 (1988): 105-123.
  • Park, Woosuk. “Haecceitas and the Bare Particular.” Review of Metaphysics 44 (1990): 375-397.
  • Platon, Euthyphron–Dindarlık Üzerine. Çev. Güvenç Şar. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 2011.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990): 345-363.
  • Quinton, Anthony. “British Philosophy.” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. P. Edwards, 8 cilt. Londra: Collier-Macmillan, 1965.
  • Reçber, M. Sait. “Tanrı ve Ahlaki Doğruların Zorunluluğu.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 44:1 (2003): 135-160.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Contingency and Freedom: Lectura I 39. Çev. A. Vos Jaczn, H. Veldhuis, vd. Utrect: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
  • Scotus, John Duns. God and Creatures: The Quodlibetal Questions. Çev. Felix Alluntis, Allan B. Wolter. Princeton University Press, 1975.
  • Scotus, John Duns. On The Will and Morality. Çev. ve ed., Allan B. Wolter, William A. Frank. Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997.
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio II, d. 3. Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2022. http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SCOTUS.Ord2d3p2q2.trns.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Ordinatio III, d. 37. Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2022. https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/blackwell-proofs/MP_C46.pdf
  • Scotus, John Duns. Reportata Parisiensia II. Paris: Vives, 1894. Erişim Tarihi: 06.07.2022. https://archive.org/details/operaomnia23duns/page/104/mode/1up.
  • Mawson, T. J. “The Euthyphro Dilemma.” Think 7:20 (2008): 25-33.
  • Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
  • Wierenga, Edward. “A Defensible Divine Command Theory.” Nous 17:3 (1983): 387-407.
  • Williams, Thomas. “Reason, Morality and Voluntarism in Duns Scotus: A Pseudo-Problem Dissolved.” The Modern Schoolman 74 (1997): 73-94.
  • Williams, Thomas. “The Unmitigated Scotus.” Archiv für Geschicte der Philosophien 80:2 (1998): 162-181.
  • Wolter, Alan B. “Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus.” The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus, ed. M. M. Adams, içinde 148-162. New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis, 2019.
  • Yıldız, İbrahim. “İslam ve Dini Çoğulculuk: Abdülaziz Sachedina Örneği.” İslam Düşüncesi Araştırmaları -III- Yaşadığımız Çağ, ed. Hasan Harmancı, İbrahim Yıldız, içinde 251-264. Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, 2021.
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. The Concept of Moral Obligation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy, Religious Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nesim Aslantatar 0000-0002-7817-8576

Publication Date November 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 63 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Aslantatar, Nesim. “Doğal Yasa Ve İlahi Buyruk Teorisi Bir Arada Savunulabilir mi?: John Duns Scotus’un Ahlak Felsefesi”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 63, no. 2 (November 2022): 967-92. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1077408.