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Non-Tariff Barriers in International Markets

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 79 - 90, 30.06.2021

Merve Yanar Gürce

Abstract

With the significant reduction in tariffs in international trade policies, non-tariff measures, which have an important role in international trade costs, are discussed more. Non-tariff barriers can impact international trade in quantities, prices, or both rather than traditional customs tariffs. In this study, tariffs and non-tariff barriers are evaluated within the framework of protectionism, and their place in international markets is emphasized. Implications for practices are offered.

Keywords

International Trade International Marketing Tariffs Non-Tariff Barriers Protectionism

References

  • Arslan, İ. K., & Bozkurt, O. (2020). Tarife dışı önlemlerin ticaret akışına olan etkilerinin çekim modeliyle incelenmesi, Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi, 7(56), 1-15.
  • Aydın, F., Saygılı, H., Saygılı, M., & Yılmaz, G. (2010). Dış Ticarette Küresel Eğilimler ve Türkiye Ekonomisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Çalışma Tebliği, No:10/01.
  • Bacchetta, M. (2009). Tariffs, The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy, Princeton University Press, 2, 1063-1067.
  • Baghasa, H. (2006). Rules of Origin. National Agricultural Policy Center (NAPC), Policy Brief, 19.
  • Basu, S. R., Kuwahara, H. Dumensil, F. (2012). Evolution of Non-Tariff Measures: Emerging Cases from Selected Developing Countries. UNCTAD, Geneva.
  • Beghin, J.H. (2006). Non-tariff Barriers. Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Iowa State University, Working Paper 06-WP 438.
  • Beghin, J., Disdier, A.C., Marette, S. & Tongeren, F. (2012). Welfare Costs and Benefits of Non-Tariff Measures in Trade: A Conceptual Framework and Application, World Trade Review: Cambridge Journals, 11(3), 356-375.
  • Bianco, A., Boatto, V. L., Caracciolo, F., & Santeramo, F. G. (2016). Tariffs and non-tariff frictions in the world wine trade. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 43(1), 31-57.
  • Bozkurt, C. (2011). Menşei Kavramı ve Menşei Kazanma Kriterlerinin İlgili Mevzuat Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. İSMMMO Mali Çözüm Dergisi, 149-160.
  • Cadot O. (2012). Streamlining Non-Tariff Measures. A Toolkit for Policy Makers, The World Bank, 152-160.
  • Czaga, P. (2005). Import Prohobitions and Quotos in The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers in World Trade, OECD Publising.
  • Cipollina, M., & Demaria, F. (2020). The Trade Effect of the EU’s Preference Margins and Non-Tariff Barriers. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(9), 203.
  • Cipollina, M., & Salvatici, L. (2020). On the effects of EU trade policy: agricultural tariffs still matter. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 47(4), 1367-1401.
  • De Melo, J., & Nicita, A. (2018). Non-Tariff Measures: Scope and Overview. Non-Tariff Measures, 1.
  • Dhingra, S., Freeman, R., & Huang, H. (2021). The impact of non-tariff barriers on trade and welfare (No. dp1742). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
  • Eglin, M. (2004). The Development of Multilateral Trade Agreements, in A Handbook of World Trade, 2nd Edition, London: ICC Publishing, Eds: Reuvid, J.
  • Elitaş, B. L., & Şeker, A. (2017). Uluslararası ticarette tarife dışı önlemlerin rolü: Türkiye tekstil sektörü üzerine bir araştırma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (74), 51-74.
  • Engin, N. (1992). Uluslararası Ticarette Korumacı Eğilimler, İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No: 1992-4.
  • Gegez, A.E. Küresel Pazarlama Yönetimi, Beta Yayıncılık: İstanbul, 2008. Ghosh, A., & Moon, D. (2010). Corporate debt financing and earnings quality. Journal of Business Finance & Accountig, 37(5‐6), 538–559. Gökmen, A. (2013). Tarife ve Tarife Dışı Engeller: Uluslararası Ticaret Uygulamaları, Ayırt Edici Özellikler ve Türkiye. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1-18.
  • Grundke, R., & Moser, C. (2019). Hidden protectionism? Evidence from non-tariff barriers to trade in the United States. Journal of International Economics, 117, 143-157.
  • Han, E., & Kaya, A. (2012). İktisadi Kalkınma ve Büyüme, Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını No.1575.
  • Hemphill, T.A. (2010). The New Protectionism: Industrial Policy Barriers to Cross Border Mergers and Acquistions. Competition and Change, 14(2), 124-129.
  • Hermelink, U., & Knebel, C. (2012). Surveying the Scope of Non-Tariff Measures. ITC Specials Forum, 3, 14-25.
  • Kalaycı, İ. (2011). 2008 Küresel Finans Krizi Sonrasında Dış Ticarette Korumacılık: Paradigma Kayması (mı?), Maliye Dergisi, 161, 80-92.
  • Kapil, K. (2009). ABC of Preferential Trade Agreements: Frequently Asked Questions, India: Cuts International.
  • Krishna, K. (2003). Understanding Rules of Origin. Pennsylvania State Univesity and NBER Working Papers, 1-3.
  • Lindert., P.H. & Kindleberger, C.P. (2012). International Economics. University of California: Irwin, 154-156
  • Mendes, K., & Luchine, A. (2020). Non-tariff barriers removal in the Brazilian coffee industry. Journal of International Trade Law and Policy.
  • Niu, Z., Liu, C., Gunessee, S., & Milner, C. (2019). Non-tariff and overall protection: evidence across countries and over time. Review of World Economics, 154(4), 675-703.
  • Öztürk, N. (2013). Dış Ticaret: Kuram, Politika, Uygulama, Bursa: Ekin Basım.
  • Santeramo, F. G., & Lamonaca, E. (2019). On the impact of non-tariff measures on trade performances of the African agri-food sector. Agrekon, 58(4), 389-406.
  • Santeramo, F. G., & Lamonaca, E. (2019). The effects of non‐tariff measures on agri‐food trade: A review and meta‐analysis of empirical evidence. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(3), 595-617.
  • Seyidoğlu, H. (2003). Uluslararası İktisat, İstanbul.
  • Tarrifs, http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tariffs_e/tariffs_e.htm, 27 Nisan 2021
  • The Political Economy of International Trade, http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0070984115/666419/ch06.pdf, 21 Nisan 2021
  • Timini, J., & Conesa, M. (2018). Chinese exports and non-tariff measures: testing for heterogeneous effects at the product level.
  • Walther, T. (2002). The World Economy, (Çev) Ünal Çağlar, İstanbul: Alfa Yayıncılık.
  • WTO. (2021). http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/whatis_e.htm.
  • WTO: World Trade Report (2012). Trade and Publıc Policies: A Closer Look at Non-Tariff Measures ın the 21st Century, 136-137.
  • Yanar, M. (2012). Avrupa Birliği’nin tercihli ve çok taraflı ticaret anlaşmalarının incelenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Yue, C. and Beghin, J. C. (2009). Tariff equivalent and forgone trade effects of prohibitive technical barriers to trade. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91(4), 930 – 941.
  • http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm8_e.htm, 22 Nisan 2021
  • www.teknikengel.gov.tr/ktmllite/files/uploads/TBT-Yonetmelik.DOC, 27 Nisan 2021
  • http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm9_e.htm#import, 27 Nisan 2021
  • http://www.teknikengel.gov.tr/index.cfm?action=icerik&id=12, 21 Nisan 2021

Uluslararası Pazarlarda Tarife Dışı Engeller

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 79 - 90, 30.06.2021

Merve Yanar Gürce

Abstract

Küresel ticaret politikalarında tarifelerin önemli ölçüde azaltılmaya başlanmasıyla, uluslararası ticaret maliyetlerinde önemli role sahip olan tarife dışı engeller daha fazla tartışılmaya başlamıştır. Tarife dışı engeller, geleneksel gümrük tarifelerinden farklı olarak uluslararası ticarete konu olan ürünlerin miktarlarında, fiyatlarında veya bunların her ikisinde ekonomik etkiye sahip olabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada, uluslararası ticarette korumacılık kavramı çerçevesinde, tarifeler ve tarife dışı engeller değerlendirilip, uluslararası pazarlardaki yerleri üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Keywords

Uluslararası Ticaret Uluslararası Pazarlama Tarife Tarife Dışı Engel Korumacılık

References

  • Arslan, İ. K., & Bozkurt, O. (2020). Tarife dışı önlemlerin ticaret akışına olan etkilerinin çekim modeliyle incelenmesi, Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi, 7(56), 1-15.
  • Aydın, F., Saygılı, H., Saygılı, M., & Yılmaz, G. (2010). Dış Ticarette Küresel Eğilimler ve Türkiye Ekonomisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Çalışma Tebliği, No:10/01.
  • Bacchetta, M. (2009). Tariffs, The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy, Princeton University Press, 2, 1063-1067.
  • Baghasa, H. (2006). Rules of Origin. National Agricultural Policy Center (NAPC), Policy Brief, 19.
  • Basu, S. R., Kuwahara, H. Dumensil, F. (2012). Evolution of Non-Tariff Measures: Emerging Cases from Selected Developing Countries. UNCTAD, Geneva.
  • Beghin, J.H. (2006). Non-tariff Barriers. Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Iowa State University, Working Paper 06-WP 438.
  • Beghin, J., Disdier, A.C., Marette, S. & Tongeren, F. (2012). Welfare Costs and Benefits of Non-Tariff Measures in Trade: A Conceptual Framework and Application, World Trade Review: Cambridge Journals, 11(3), 356-375.
  • Bianco, A., Boatto, V. L., Caracciolo, F., & Santeramo, F. G. (2016). Tariffs and non-tariff frictions in the world wine trade. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 43(1), 31-57.
  • Bozkurt, C. (2011). Menşei Kavramı ve Menşei Kazanma Kriterlerinin İlgili Mevzuat Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. İSMMMO Mali Çözüm Dergisi, 149-160.
  • Cadot O. (2012). Streamlining Non-Tariff Measures. A Toolkit for Policy Makers, The World Bank, 152-160.
  • Czaga, P. (2005). Import Prohobitions and Quotos in The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers in World Trade, OECD Publising.
  • Cipollina, M., & Demaria, F. (2020). The Trade Effect of the EU’s Preference Margins and Non-Tariff Barriers. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(9), 203.
  • Cipollina, M., & Salvatici, L. (2020). On the effects of EU trade policy: agricultural tariffs still matter. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 47(4), 1367-1401.
  • De Melo, J., & Nicita, A. (2018). Non-Tariff Measures: Scope and Overview. Non-Tariff Measures, 1.
  • Dhingra, S., Freeman, R., & Huang, H. (2021). The impact of non-tariff barriers on trade and welfare (No. dp1742). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
  • Eglin, M. (2004). The Development of Multilateral Trade Agreements, in A Handbook of World Trade, 2nd Edition, London: ICC Publishing, Eds: Reuvid, J.
  • Elitaş, B. L., & Şeker, A. (2017). Uluslararası ticarette tarife dışı önlemlerin rolü: Türkiye tekstil sektörü üzerine bir araştırma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (74), 51-74.
  • Engin, N. (1992). Uluslararası Ticarette Korumacı Eğilimler, İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No: 1992-4.
  • Gegez, A.E. Küresel Pazarlama Yönetimi, Beta Yayıncılık: İstanbul, 2008. Ghosh, A., & Moon, D. (2010). Corporate debt financing and earnings quality. Journal of Business Finance & Accountig, 37(5‐6), 538–559. Gökmen, A. (2013). Tarife ve Tarife Dışı Engeller: Uluslararası Ticaret Uygulamaları, Ayırt Edici Özellikler ve Türkiye. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1-18.
  • Grundke, R., & Moser, C. (2019). Hidden protectionism? Evidence from non-tariff barriers to trade in the United States. Journal of International Economics, 117, 143-157.
  • Han, E., & Kaya, A. (2012). İktisadi Kalkınma ve Büyüme, Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını No.1575.
  • Hemphill, T.A. (2010). The New Protectionism: Industrial Policy Barriers to Cross Border Mergers and Acquistions. Competition and Change, 14(2), 124-129.
  • Hermelink, U., & Knebel, C. (2012). Surveying the Scope of Non-Tariff Measures. ITC Specials Forum, 3, 14-25.
  • Kalaycı, İ. (2011). 2008 Küresel Finans Krizi Sonrasında Dış Ticarette Korumacılık: Paradigma Kayması (mı?), Maliye Dergisi, 161, 80-92.
  • Kapil, K. (2009). ABC of Preferential Trade Agreements: Frequently Asked Questions, India: Cuts International.
  • Krishna, K. (2003). Understanding Rules of Origin. Pennsylvania State Univesity and NBER Working Papers, 1-3.
  • Lindert., P.H. & Kindleberger, C.P. (2012). International Economics. University of California: Irwin, 154-156
  • Mendes, K., & Luchine, A. (2020). Non-tariff barriers removal in the Brazilian coffee industry. Journal of International Trade Law and Policy.
  • Niu, Z., Liu, C., Gunessee, S., & Milner, C. (2019). Non-tariff and overall protection: evidence across countries and over time. Review of World Economics, 154(4), 675-703.
  • Öztürk, N. (2013). Dış Ticaret: Kuram, Politika, Uygulama, Bursa: Ekin Basım.
  • Santeramo, F. G., & Lamonaca, E. (2019). On the impact of non-tariff measures on trade performances of the African agri-food sector. Agrekon, 58(4), 389-406.
  • Santeramo, F. G., & Lamonaca, E. (2019). The effects of non‐tariff measures on agri‐food trade: A review and meta‐analysis of empirical evidence. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(3), 595-617.
  • Seyidoğlu, H. (2003). Uluslararası İktisat, İstanbul.
  • Tarrifs, http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tariffs_e/tariffs_e.htm, 27 Nisan 2021
  • The Political Economy of International Trade, http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0070984115/666419/ch06.pdf, 21 Nisan 2021
  • Timini, J., & Conesa, M. (2018). Chinese exports and non-tariff measures: testing for heterogeneous effects at the product level.
  • Walther, T. (2002). The World Economy, (Çev) Ünal Çağlar, İstanbul: Alfa Yayıncılık.
  • WTO. (2021). http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/whatis_e.htm.
  • WTO: World Trade Report (2012). Trade and Publıc Policies: A Closer Look at Non-Tariff Measures ın the 21st Century, 136-137.
  • Yanar, M. (2012). Avrupa Birliği’nin tercihli ve çok taraflı ticaret anlaşmalarının incelenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Yue, C. and Beghin, J. C. (2009). Tariff equivalent and forgone trade effects of prohibitive technical barriers to trade. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91(4), 930 – 941.
  • http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm8_e.htm, 22 Nisan 2021
  • www.teknikengel.gov.tr/ktmllite/files/uploads/TBT-Yonetmelik.DOC, 27 Nisan 2021
  • http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm9_e.htm#import, 27 Nisan 2021
  • http://www.teknikengel.gov.tr/index.cfm?action=icerik&id=12, 21 Nisan 2021
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Merve Yanar Gürce 0000-0002-9616-1815

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yanar Gürce, M. (2021). Uluslararası Pazarlarda Tarife Dışı Engeller. Aurum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(1), 79-90.
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