Awareness, attitudes, and anxiety related to COVID-19 pandemic among the public in early terms of the pandemic in Turkey

Esra Doğru Hüzmeli; Özden Canbay; İrem Hüzmeli; Cagla Pinar Kolukirik; Ayten Dogan; Dondu Iris; Gamze Gunesacar; Emre Dongel; Ali Ozbek; Lena Dogru; Evrim Arslan; Murat Güntel; Senem Urfalı; Boran Urfali

Research Article

Awareness, attitudes, and anxiety related to COVID-19 pandemic among the public in early terms of the pandemic in Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 161 - 171, 30.12.2020

Esra Doğru Hüzmeli Özden Canbay , İrem Hüzmeli , Cagla Pinar Kolukirik Ayten Dogan Dondu Iris Gamze Gunesacar Emre Dongel Ali Ozbek Lena Dogru Evrim Arslan , Murat Güntel , Senem Urfalı , Boran Urfali

Abstract

Giriş
Çalışmayı, Türkiye'de halkın COVID-19 hakkında temel bilgilerini sorgulamak amacıyla yaptık.
Yöntem
Bu çalışma Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi'nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. COVID-19 bilgi dzüeyini ölçme anketi yazarlar tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara haber alma kaynakları, tedavi hakkındaki bilgileri, COVID-19’un semptomları ve kuluçka süresi konusundaki düşünceleri sorgulanmıştır. Anksiyete seviyesini 10 cm'lik Görsel Analog Ölçeği kullanılarak sorgulanmıştır (0: Endişelenmeyin; 10: Kesinlikle endişelenin). Sağlık kaygısı durumunu değerlendirmek için 14 maddelik bir Sağlık Kaygı Envanteri (Kısa Form) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular
Yaş ortalaması 32.20 ± 13.27 yıl olan 513 (268 kadın % 52.2, 245 erkek % 47.8) birey dahil edildi. Katılımcıların %43.5’i egzersiz yapmanın virüse karşı koruyucusu olduğunu belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların çoğu önlem olarak “toplu taşımada azalma, okulları ve kamu kurumlarını kapatma, kişisel bakım ve hijyen artışları” hususlarını onaylamışlardır. Son günlerde kendilerini COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan korumak için yapılan en büyük alışkanlık ellerin yıkanmasında bir artış idi (% 64.7). Anksiyete düzeyi 5.58 idi ve bu da katılımcıların orta derecede anksiyete düzeyine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Tüm katılımcıların Kısa Sağlık Anksiyete Envanteri puanının 15.33 ± 9.83 olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç
Halkın COVID-19 hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olduğu, pandemiye karşı alınması gereken önlemlerin farkında oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ancak kaygı düzeyleri yüksekti. Yetkili makamların, halkın kaygısını azaltmak amacıyla kamuoyu ile salgın hakkında düzenli bilgiler paylaşmaya devam etmeleri gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.

Keywords

kaygı, Covid-19, Türkiye, salgın

References

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9. Kamel Boulos MN, Geraghty EM. (2020) Geographical tracking and mapping of COVID-19 disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and pandemics. Int J Health Geogr. Mar 11;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8.
10. Singhal T. A (2020) Review of COVID-19 Disease-2019 (COVID-19). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
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12. Salkovskis P. M, Rimes K. A, Warwick, H. M, Clark D. M. (2002). The health anxiety inventory: Development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Psychological Medicine, 32, 843–853.
13. Nystoriak MA, Bhatnagar A. (2018) Cardiovascular Effects and Benefits of Exercise. Front Cardiovasc Med. 5:135. Published 2018 Sep 28. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2018.00135.
14. Carrigan N, Dysch L, Salkovskis P. M. (2017). The Impact of Health Anxiety in Multiple Sclerosis: A Replication and Treatment Case Series. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 46(02), 148–167. doi:10.1017/s135246581700056x
15. Seivewright H, Salkovskis P, Green J, Mullan N, Behr G, Carlin E, Young S, Goldmeier D, and Tyrer P. (2004). Prevalence and service implications of health anxiety in genitourinary medicine clinics. International Journal of STD and AIDS, 15, 519–522.
16. Aydemir Ö, Kırpınar İ, Satı T, Uykur B, Cengisiz C. (2013) Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe için Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi 50: 325-33
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19. Al-Rabiaahab A, Temsahabc MH, Al-Eyadhy A, Hasan G, Al-Zamila F, Al-Subaieab S, Alsohimea F, Jamal A, Alhaboob A, Al-Saadia B, Somily AM. (2019) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) associated stress among medical students at a university teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia JIPH-1244; No. of Pages 5.
20. WHO, Basic protective measures against the new COVID-19 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-COVID-19-2019/advice-for-public
21. Paek H-J, Hilyard K, Freimuth VS, Barge JK, Mindlin M. (2008) Public support for government actions during influenza pandemic: lessons learned form a state wide survey. Health Promot Pract 9:60S-72S.
22.Gustafson PE. (1998) Gender Differences in Risk Perception: Theoretical and Methodological Perspective. Risk Anal, 18:805-11.
23. Al Turk YA. (2014) Can we increase public awareness without creating anxiety about Corona viruses? Patient Education and Counseling Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages 286-287.
24. Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT, Li Y. (2020) Research Paper Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey Int. J. Biol. Sci. Vol. 162020; 16(10): 1745-1752. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45221
25. Cheng C. (2004) To be paranoid is the standart panic responses to sars outbreak in the hong kong special administrative region. Asian Perspective Vol. 28, No. 1, Special Issue on Globalization and SARS in Chinese Societies pp. 67-98 (32 pages)
26. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. (2005) Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 62(6):617-27.
27. McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. (2011) Gender Differences in Anxiety Disorders: Prevalence, Course of Illness, Comorbidity and Burden of Illness J Psychiatr Res.; 45(8): 1027–1035. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006
28. Greenber MR, Schnieder DF. (1995) Gender differences in risk perception: effects differ in stressed vs. non-stressed environments. Risk Anal 15:503-11.
29. Rabie T, Curtis V (2006) Hand washing and risk of respiratory infections:a quantitative systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 11:258-267.
30. Rayan MAK, Christian RS, Wohlrabe JR. (2001) Hand washing and respiratory illness among young adults in military training. Am J Prev Med, 21:79-83.
31. Glass L, Glass R. (2008) Social contact networks for the spread of pandemic influenza in children and teenagers. BMC Public Health, 8(1):61.
32. Wu JT, Riley S, Fraser C, Leung GM. (2006) Reducing the impact of the next influenza pandemic using household-based public health interventions. PloS Med, 3(9):e361.
33. Boyce GM, Pittet D (2002) Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices advisory Comittee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 23:S3-S40.
34. Almutairi K.M, Al Helih E. M, Moussa M, Boshaiqah A. E, Saleh Alajilan A, Vinluan J. M, Almutairi, A. (2015) Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices Related to COVID-19 Pandemic Among Public in Saudi Arabia. Family & Community Health, 38(4), 332–340. doi:10.1097/fch.0000000000000082
35. Fung ICH, Cairncross S. (2006) Effectiveness of handwashing in preventing SARS: a review. Trop Med Int Health 11:1749-58
36. James RG, Richard A, Lisa P, Simon W. (2009) Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak: cross sectional telephone survey BMJ 339 :b2651

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 161 - 171, 30.12.2020

Abstract

References

1. Xiao H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Li S, Yang N. (2020) The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with COVID-19 Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Medical Science Monitor ;26.
2. Yao Y, Tian Y, Zhou J, et al. (2020) Epidemiological characteristics of 2019-ncoV infections in Shaanxi, China by February 8 2020, Eur Respir J; in press (https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00310-2020).
3. Wang L, Gao Y-hua, lou L-L, et al. (2020) The clinical dynamics of 18 cases of COVID-19 outside of Wuhan, China. Eur Respir J; in press (https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00398-
4. Paules, C.I.; Marston, H.D.; Fauci, A.S. (2020) COVID-19 Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold. JAMA
5. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho C S, Ho R C. (2020) Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 COVID-19 Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ;17(5), 1729.
6. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/COVID-19e/situation-reports/20200306-sitrep-46-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=96b04adf_2 accessed date 17.03.2020
7. Sim K. (2010) Psychosocial and coping responses within the community health care setting towards a national outbreak of an infectious disease. J. Psychosom. Res., 68, 195–202.
8. Yip PS, Cheung YT, Chau PH, Law YW. (2010) The impact of pandemic outbreak: the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and suicide among older adults in Hong Kong. Crisis;31(2):86-92. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000015.
9. Kamel Boulos MN, Geraghty EM. (2020) Geographical tracking and mapping of COVID-19 disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and pandemics. Int J Health Geogr. Mar 11;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8.
10. Singhal T. A (2020) Review of COVID-19 Disease-2019 (COVID-19). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
11. Goyal K, Chauhan P, Chhikara K, Gupta P, Singh M.P. (2020) Fear of COVID 2019: First suicidal case in India ! Asian Journal of Psychiatry 49 101989.
12. Salkovskis P. M, Rimes K. A, Warwick, H. M, Clark D. M. (2002). The health anxiety inventory: Development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Psychological Medicine, 32, 843–853.
13. Nystoriak MA, Bhatnagar A. (2018) Cardiovascular Effects and Benefits of Exercise. Front Cardiovasc Med. 5:135. Published 2018 Sep 28. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2018.00135.
14. Carrigan N, Dysch L, Salkovskis P. M. (2017). The Impact of Health Anxiety in Multiple Sclerosis: A Replication and Treatment Case Series. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 46(02), 148–167. doi:10.1017/s135246581700056x
15. Seivewright H, Salkovskis P, Green J, Mullan N, Behr G, Carlin E, Young S, Goldmeier D, and Tyrer P. (2004). Prevalence and service implications of health anxiety in genitourinary medicine clinics. International Journal of STD and AIDS, 15, 519–522.
16. Aydemir Ö, Kırpınar İ, Satı T, Uykur B, Cengisiz C. (2013) Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe için Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi 50: 325-33
17. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ accessed date: 05.04.2020
18. Tao N. (2003) An analysis on reasons of SARS-induced psychological panic among students. Journal of Anhui Institute of Education. 21: 78-9
19. Al-Rabiaahab A, Temsahabc MH, Al-Eyadhy A, Hasan G, Al-Zamila F, Al-Subaieab S, Alsohimea F, Jamal A, Alhaboob A, Al-Saadia B, Somily AM. (2019) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) associated stress among medical students at a university teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia JIPH-1244; No. of Pages 5.
20. WHO, Basic protective measures against the new COVID-19 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-COVID-19-2019/advice-for-public
21. Paek H-J, Hilyard K, Freimuth VS, Barge JK, Mindlin M. (2008) Public support for government actions during influenza pandemic: lessons learned form a state wide survey. Health Promot Pract 9:60S-72S.
22.Gustafson PE. (1998) Gender Differences in Risk Perception: Theoretical and Methodological Perspective. Risk Anal, 18:805-11.
23. Al Turk YA. (2014) Can we increase public awareness without creating anxiety about Corona viruses? Patient Education and Counseling Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages 286-287.
24. Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT, Li Y. (2020) Research Paper Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey Int. J. Biol. Sci. Vol. 162020; 16(10): 1745-1752. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45221
25. Cheng C. (2004) To be paranoid is the standart panic responses to sars outbreak in the hong kong special administrative region. Asian Perspective Vol. 28, No. 1, Special Issue on Globalization and SARS in Chinese Societies pp. 67-98 (32 pages)
26. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. (2005) Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 62(6):617-27.
27. McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. (2011) Gender Differences in Anxiety Disorders: Prevalence, Course of Illness, Comorbidity and Burden of Illness J Psychiatr Res.; 45(8): 1027–1035. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006
28. Greenber MR, Schnieder DF. (1995) Gender differences in risk perception: effects differ in stressed vs. non-stressed environments. Risk Anal 15:503-11.
29. Rabie T, Curtis V (2006) Hand washing and risk of respiratory infections:a quantitative systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 11:258-267.
30. Rayan MAK, Christian RS, Wohlrabe JR. (2001) Hand washing and respiratory illness among young adults in military training. Am J Prev Med, 21:79-83.
31. Glass L, Glass R. (2008) Social contact networks for the spread of pandemic influenza in children and teenagers. BMC Public Health, 8(1):61.
32. Wu JT, Riley S, Fraser C, Leung GM. (2006) Reducing the impact of the next influenza pandemic using household-based public health interventions. PloS Med, 3(9):e361.
33. Boyce GM, Pittet D (2002) Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices advisory Comittee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 23:S3-S40.
34. Almutairi K.M, Al Helih E. M, Moussa M, Boshaiqah A. E, Saleh Alajilan A, Vinluan J. M, Almutairi, A. (2015) Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices Related to COVID-19 Pandemic Among Public in Saudi Arabia. Family & Community Health, 38(4), 332–340. doi:10.1097/fch.0000000000000082
35. Fung ICH, Cairncross S. (2006) Effectiveness of handwashing in preventing SARS: a review. Trop Med Int Health 11:1749-58
36. James RG, Richard A, Lisa P, Simon W. (2009) Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak: cross sectional telephone survey BMJ 339 :b2651

There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Esra Doğru Hüzmeli This is me Özden Canbay İrem Hüzmeli Cagla Pinar Kolukirik This is me Ayten Dogan This is me Dondu Iris This is me Gamze Gunesacar This is me Emre Dongel This is me Ali Ozbek This is me Lena Dogru This is me Evrim Arslan Murat Güntel Senem Urfalı Boran Urfali This is me
Publication Date	December 30, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Hüzmeli, E. D., Canbay, Ö., Hüzmeli, İ., Kolukirik, C. P., et al. (2020). Awareness, attitudes, and anxiety related to COVID-19 pandemic among the public in early terms of the pandemic in Turkey. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 161-171.

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