Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Müşterinin Sesi: Kano Modeli
Year 2019,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 142 - 158, 09.01.2020
Paşa Gültaş
,
Mustafa Yücel
Abstract
Bu çalışma, hasta ihtiyaçlarının ve hizmet sunum süreçlerinin karmaşıklığından dolayı sağlık sektöründe uygulanmıştır. Malatya ilinde bulunan özel bir hastanede Kano Modeli uygulanarak hastaların ve hasta yakınlarının isteklerini ve beklentilerini açık bir şekilde ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Kano modeli müşterilerin beklentilerini en iyi şekilde ölçebilen yöntemlerden bir tanesidir. Araştırmada öncelikle odak grup çalışmalarıyla hasta beklentilerinin kategorize edildiği bir ön çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu ön çalışma sonucunda fiziksel yapı, temizlik, personel, doktorlar ve güven – ücretler olacak şekilde beklenti bileşenleri saptanmış ve bu bileşenler üzerinden anket soruları hazırlanmıştır. Daha sonra bir hafta boyunca (Pazartesi-Cuma) bu hastanede tedavi gören 400 hastayla yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir bileşene ayrı ayrı kano değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirmelerle birlikte hastalar için “olmazsa olmaz, beklenen ve fark etmez” olarak açıklanabilen hizmet özellikleri belirlenmiştir.
References
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AL-SAYYARI, A. A., ASSAD, L., SHAHEEN, F. A., MOUSSA, D. H., KARKAR, A., ALRUKHAIMI, M., & HEJAILI, F. F. (2009). “Culture-Related Service Expectations”. Quality Management in Health Care, V: 18, N: 1, pp. 48 – 58.
BERGER, C., BLAUTH, R., BOGER, D., BOLSTER, C., BURCHILL, G., DUMOUCHEL, W., POULIOT, F., RICHTER, R., RUBINOFF, A., SHEN, D., TIMKO, M. & WALDEN, D. (1993), “A Special Issue on Kano’s Methods for Understanding Customer-defined Quality”. Center for Quality of Management Journal, V: 2, N: 4, pp. 1-36.
BOWLING, A. (2002), Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services. Philadelphia, PA: McGraw-Hill House.
CHEN, M.C., CHANG, K.C., HSU, C.L and YANG, I.C (2011) “Understanding the Relationship Between Service Convenience and Customer Satisfaction in Home Delivery by Kano Model” Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, C: 23, S: 3, pp. 386-410.
CHEN, H. T., ve CHEN, B. T. (2015), “Integrating Kano Model and SIPA Grid to Identify Key Service Attributes of Fast Food Restaurants. Journal of Quality Assurance in Pospitality & Tourism”, V: 16, pp.141-163.
CHIOU, C. C., ve Y.S. CHENG (2008), “An integrated method of Kano Model and QFD for Designing Impressive Qualities of Healthcare Service”, Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE, Singapore, January 6, 2008.
DAY, R. G. (1998). Kalite Fonksiyon Yayılımı, Bir Şirketin Müşteri ile Bütünleştirilmesi, Marşhall Boya ve Vernik Sanayi A.Ş. Yayınları, İstanbul.
DELİCE, E.K. ve GÜNGÖR, Z. (2008), “Müşteri İsteklerinin Sınıflandırılmasında Kano Model Uygulaması”, Akademik Bilişim, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 30 Ocak-1 Şubat. ss.193-198.
GIBBS, A. (1997), “Focus Groups”, Social Research Update, 19. http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU19.html. Erişim Tarihi: 04.10.2019.
GÖRAL, R. ve Ç. TOPUZ (2018), “Otel Hizmetlerine Dair Konuk Beklentilerinin Kano Modeli ile Sınıflandırılması ve Önceliklendirilmesi” MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, C:7, S: 3. ss. 823-842.
GUSTAVSSON, S., GREMYR, I., & SARENMALM, E. K. (2016), “Using an Adapted Approach to the Kano Model to Identify Patient Needs from Various Patient Roles”, The TQM Journal, V: 28, N: 1, pp. 151 – 162.
HSU, C., CHANG, T., LİN, P., WANG, S. (2007), “Integrating Kano’s Model into Quality Function Deployment to Faciliate Decision Analysis for Service Quality”, 8th WSEAS International Conference on Mathematics and Computers in Business and Economics, Canada, June 19-21, ss. 226-232
HUANG, J. (2017), “Application of Kano Model in Requirements Analysis of Y Company’s Consulting Project” American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2017, V: 7, pp. 910-918.
JANE, A. C. and. DOMINGUEZ, S.M., (2003) “Citizens’ Role in Health Service: Satisfaction Behaviour: Kano’s Model, Part 1” Quality Management in Health Care, V: 12, N: 1, pp. 64-71.
KANO, H; SERAKU, N.; TAKAHASHI, F. ve TSUJI, S. (1984) “Attractive Quality and Must-Be Quality”. Journal of the Japanese Society for Quality Control, V: 41, pp. 39-48.
KELESBAYEV, D. (2014), Kano Modelinin Kalite Fonksiyon Yayılımı ile Bütünleştirilmesi ve Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi.
KING, B. (1995), Designing Products and Services That Customers Want, Portland, Productivity Press, USA.
KITZINGER, J. (1994), “The Methodology Of Focus Groups: The Importance Of Interaction Between Research Participants”, Sociology of Health and Illness, V: 16, S: 1, pp. 103–121.
KITZINGER, J. (1995), “Qualitative Research: Introducing Focus Groups”, British Medical Journal, V: 311, pp. 299–302.
KRUEGER, R.A. (1998), Moderating Focus Groups. California: SAGE.
MATERLA, T. (2018), “Analyzing Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Using The Kano Model” Missouri University of Science and Technology. Doctor of Philosophy. 2018.
MATERLA, T., CUDNEY, E. A., & HOPEN, D. (2019). “Evaluating Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Using The Kano Model”, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, pp.1-30. doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-02-2018-0056.
MATI´AS-GUIU, J., CALOTO, M., & NOCEA, G. (2012). “Comparison of Expected Outcomes Between Patients And Neurologists Using Kano’s Methodology In Symptomatic Migraine Treatment”. The Patient: Patient-centered Outcomes Research, V: 5, N: 3, pp. 147 – 162
MATZLER, K. ve HINTERHUBER H.H. (1998), How to Make Product Development Projects More Succesful by Integrating Kano’s Model. Technovation, V: 18, No: 1, January 1998, pp. 25-38
NORDIN, N., ve RAZAK, R. C. (2011),“A Conceptual Kano and Quality Function Deployment (Qfd) Framework for Healthcare Service”. International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, V: 1, N: 1, pp. 173 – 187.
SAHNEY, S. (2011) “Delighting Customers of Management Education in India: A Student Perspective, Part II” The TQM Journal, C: 23, S: 5, pp. 531-548.
SAVAŞ, H. ve AY, M., (2005), “Üniversite Kütüphanesi Tasarımında Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi Uygulaması”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C: 7, S: 3, ss. 80- 98.
SHAMSHIRSAZ, S. A., ve DONG, H. (2014), Improving residents’ satisfaction in care homes: What to prioritize? In P. Langdon, J. Lazar, A. Heylighen, & H. Dong (Eds.), Inclusive designing (pp. 119 – 129). Cham: Springer.
SOFYAOĞLU, Ç. ve İ. TUNAİL (2012), “Kano Modelinin Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi Planlama Matrisinde Kullanımı”, Ege Akademik Bakış, C: 12, S: 1, Ocak 2012 ss. 125-135.
STEWART, D.W. ve SHAMDASANI, P.N. (1990), Focus Groups: Theory and Practice. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.
SULISWORO, D. (2012), “Integrating Kano’s Model and SERVQUAL to Improve Healthcare Service Quality” Global Public Health. pp.1-14, researchgate.net/publication/277759782_Integrating_Kano's_Model_and_SERVQUAL_to_Improve_Healthcare_Service_Quality, Erişim Tarihi: 21/11/2019.
TAN, K.C.ve X.X. SHEN (2000), “Integrating Kano’s Model in the Planning Matrix Of Quality Function Deployment”, Total Quality Management, V: 11, N: 8, pp. 1141-1151.
TONTINI, G. (2000) “Identification of Customer Attractive and Must Be Requirements Using a Modified Kano’s Method: Guidelines and Case Study” Quality Congress, V: 54, pp. 728-734.
UCA, M. ve MENTEŞ, S. (2008), “İşletme Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Bölüm Gereksinimlerinin Kano Modeli İle Sınıflandırılması: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İşletme Fakültesi Uygulaması” İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 9, Sayı 1, 2008, pp. 73-91
XU, Q., JIAO, R. J., YANG, X., HELANDER, M., KHALID, H. M., & OPPERUD, A. (2009). “An Analytical Kano model for Customer Need Analysis”, Design Studies, V: 30, S: 1, pp. 87–110.
VON Dran, GISELA M.; ZHANG, P.; SMALL, R. (1999), “Quality Websites: An Application of the Kano Model to Website Design”, Proceedings of the Fifth Americas Conference on Information Systems, August 13-15. pp. 898-900
WANG, T. ve JI, P. (2010), “Understanding Customer Needs Through Quantitative Analysis of Kano's Model”. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, V: 27, Issue:2, pp.173-184.
Year 2019,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 142 - 158, 09.01.2020
Paşa Gültaş
,
Mustafa Yücel
References
- AKGÜL, M. (2019), “Kano Modeli: Müşteriyi Kendinden İyi Tanımak”, lean.org.tr/kano-modeli-musteriyi-kendinden-iyi-tanimak/, Erişim Tarihi: 02/10/2019
AL-SAYYARI, A. A., ASSAD, L., SHAHEEN, F. A., MOUSSA, D. H., KARKAR, A., ALRUKHAIMI, M., & HEJAILI, F. F. (2009). “Culture-Related Service Expectations”. Quality Management in Health Care, V: 18, N: 1, pp. 48 – 58.
BERGER, C., BLAUTH, R., BOGER, D., BOLSTER, C., BURCHILL, G., DUMOUCHEL, W., POULIOT, F., RICHTER, R., RUBINOFF, A., SHEN, D., TIMKO, M. & WALDEN, D. (1993), “A Special Issue on Kano’s Methods for Understanding Customer-defined Quality”. Center for Quality of Management Journal, V: 2, N: 4, pp. 1-36.
BOWLING, A. (2002), Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services. Philadelphia, PA: McGraw-Hill House.
CHEN, M.C., CHANG, K.C., HSU, C.L and YANG, I.C (2011) “Understanding the Relationship Between Service Convenience and Customer Satisfaction in Home Delivery by Kano Model” Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, C: 23, S: 3, pp. 386-410.
CHEN, H. T., ve CHEN, B. T. (2015), “Integrating Kano Model and SIPA Grid to Identify Key Service Attributes of Fast Food Restaurants. Journal of Quality Assurance in Pospitality & Tourism”, V: 16, pp.141-163.
CHIOU, C. C., ve Y.S. CHENG (2008), “An integrated method of Kano Model and QFD for Designing Impressive Qualities of Healthcare Service”, Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE, Singapore, January 6, 2008.
DAY, R. G. (1998). Kalite Fonksiyon Yayılımı, Bir Şirketin Müşteri ile Bütünleştirilmesi, Marşhall Boya ve Vernik Sanayi A.Ş. Yayınları, İstanbul.
DELİCE, E.K. ve GÜNGÖR, Z. (2008), “Müşteri İsteklerinin Sınıflandırılmasında Kano Model Uygulaması”, Akademik Bilişim, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 30 Ocak-1 Şubat. ss.193-198.
GIBBS, A. (1997), “Focus Groups”, Social Research Update, 19. http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU19.html. Erişim Tarihi: 04.10.2019.
GÖRAL, R. ve Ç. TOPUZ (2018), “Otel Hizmetlerine Dair Konuk Beklentilerinin Kano Modeli ile Sınıflandırılması ve Önceliklendirilmesi” MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, C:7, S: 3. ss. 823-842.
GUSTAVSSON, S., GREMYR, I., & SARENMALM, E. K. (2016), “Using an Adapted Approach to the Kano Model to Identify Patient Needs from Various Patient Roles”, The TQM Journal, V: 28, N: 1, pp. 151 – 162.
HSU, C., CHANG, T., LİN, P., WANG, S. (2007), “Integrating Kano’s Model into Quality Function Deployment to Faciliate Decision Analysis for Service Quality”, 8th WSEAS International Conference on Mathematics and Computers in Business and Economics, Canada, June 19-21, ss. 226-232
HUANG, J. (2017), “Application of Kano Model in Requirements Analysis of Y Company’s Consulting Project” American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2017, V: 7, pp. 910-918.
JANE, A. C. and. DOMINGUEZ, S.M., (2003) “Citizens’ Role in Health Service: Satisfaction Behaviour: Kano’s Model, Part 1” Quality Management in Health Care, V: 12, N: 1, pp. 64-71.
KANO, H; SERAKU, N.; TAKAHASHI, F. ve TSUJI, S. (1984) “Attractive Quality and Must-Be Quality”. Journal of the Japanese Society for Quality Control, V: 41, pp. 39-48.
KELESBAYEV, D. (2014), Kano Modelinin Kalite Fonksiyon Yayılımı ile Bütünleştirilmesi ve Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi.
KING, B. (1995), Designing Products and Services That Customers Want, Portland, Productivity Press, USA.
KITZINGER, J. (1994), “The Methodology Of Focus Groups: The Importance Of Interaction Between Research Participants”, Sociology of Health and Illness, V: 16, S: 1, pp. 103–121.
KITZINGER, J. (1995), “Qualitative Research: Introducing Focus Groups”, British Medical Journal, V: 311, pp. 299–302.
KRUEGER, R.A. (1998), Moderating Focus Groups. California: SAGE.
MATERLA, T. (2018), “Analyzing Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Using The Kano Model” Missouri University of Science and Technology. Doctor of Philosophy. 2018.
MATERLA, T., CUDNEY, E. A., & HOPEN, D. (2019). “Evaluating Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Using The Kano Model”, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, pp.1-30. doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-02-2018-0056.
MATI´AS-GUIU, J., CALOTO, M., & NOCEA, G. (2012). “Comparison of Expected Outcomes Between Patients And Neurologists Using Kano’s Methodology In Symptomatic Migraine Treatment”. The Patient: Patient-centered Outcomes Research, V: 5, N: 3, pp. 147 – 162
MATZLER, K. ve HINTERHUBER H.H. (1998), How to Make Product Development Projects More Succesful by Integrating Kano’s Model. Technovation, V: 18, No: 1, January 1998, pp. 25-38
NORDIN, N., ve RAZAK, R. C. (2011),“A Conceptual Kano and Quality Function Deployment (Qfd) Framework for Healthcare Service”. International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, V: 1, N: 1, pp. 173 – 187.
SAHNEY, S. (2011) “Delighting Customers of Management Education in India: A Student Perspective, Part II” The TQM Journal, C: 23, S: 5, pp. 531-548.
SAVAŞ, H. ve AY, M., (2005), “Üniversite Kütüphanesi Tasarımında Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi Uygulaması”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C: 7, S: 3, ss. 80- 98.
SHAMSHIRSAZ, S. A., ve DONG, H. (2014), Improving residents’ satisfaction in care homes: What to prioritize? In P. Langdon, J. Lazar, A. Heylighen, & H. Dong (Eds.), Inclusive designing (pp. 119 – 129). Cham: Springer.
SOFYAOĞLU, Ç. ve İ. TUNAİL (2012), “Kano Modelinin Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi Planlama Matrisinde Kullanımı”, Ege Akademik Bakış, C: 12, S: 1, Ocak 2012 ss. 125-135.
STEWART, D.W. ve SHAMDASANI, P.N. (1990), Focus Groups: Theory and Practice. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.
SULISWORO, D. (2012), “Integrating Kano’s Model and SERVQUAL to Improve Healthcare Service Quality” Global Public Health. pp.1-14, researchgate.net/publication/277759782_Integrating_Kano's_Model_and_SERVQUAL_to_Improve_Healthcare_Service_Quality, Erişim Tarihi: 21/11/2019.
TAN, K.C.ve X.X. SHEN (2000), “Integrating Kano’s Model in the Planning Matrix Of Quality Function Deployment”, Total Quality Management, V: 11, N: 8, pp. 1141-1151.
TONTINI, G. (2000) “Identification of Customer Attractive and Must Be Requirements Using a Modified Kano’s Method: Guidelines and Case Study” Quality Congress, V: 54, pp. 728-734.
UCA, M. ve MENTEŞ, S. (2008), “İşletme Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Bölüm Gereksinimlerinin Kano Modeli İle Sınıflandırılması: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İşletme Fakültesi Uygulaması” İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 9, Sayı 1, 2008, pp. 73-91
XU, Q., JIAO, R. J., YANG, X., HELANDER, M., KHALID, H. M., & OPPERUD, A. (2009). “An Analytical Kano model for Customer Need Analysis”, Design Studies, V: 30, S: 1, pp. 87–110.
VON Dran, GISELA M.; ZHANG, P.; SMALL, R. (1999), “Quality Websites: An Application of the Kano Model to Website Design”, Proceedings of the Fifth Americas Conference on Information Systems, August 13-15. pp. 898-900
WANG, T. ve JI, P. (2010), “Understanding Customer Needs Through Quantitative Analysis of Kano's Model”. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, V: 27, Issue:2, pp.173-184.