Hasat sonrasi kitosan uygulamalarinin depo koşullarindaki patatesin bazi kimyasal değişimleri üzerine etkisi

Year 2022, , 139 - 146, 31.07.2022

Ayşegül Kırlı , Özbay Dede , Nuri Yılmaz , Ferda Özkorkmaz

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1048357

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; kitosan uygulamasının patateste kuru madde oranı, C vitamin içeriği, toplam suda çözünür kuru madde oranı, toplam fenolik madde içeriği ve toplam antioksidan içeriği gibi bazı kimyasal özellikler üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Soğuk hava deposunda gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, depolama öncesi patates yumrularına 4 doz (kontrol, %0.5, %1 ve %2) kitosan, püskürtme yöntemiyle uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Kitosan uygulamaları arasında %1 kitosan dozu, depolama sırasında kuru madde oranı artışını (%50) ve C vitamini içeriğinin azalışını (yaklaşık %40) önleme açısından en etkili olan doz olarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik bileşiklerin depolama sonunda kontrole göre %20 artması kitosan uygulamaları ile önlenmiştir.
Sonuçlar: Sonuçlar, kitosan uygulamasının, depolama sırasında patateslerde meydana gelen bazı kimyasal değişiklikleri azaltabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Biyoaktif Bileşikler, C vitamini, Solanum tuberosum L.

The effect of post-harvest chitosan applications on some chemical changes of potatoes during storage

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was determination of effects of the chitosan application on changes at some chemical properties of potatoes such as dry matter rate, C vitamin amount, total soluble solids rates, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant capacity. Material and Method: In this research carried out in cold storage, 4 doses (control, 0.5%, 1% and 2%) of chitosan were applied to potato tubers by spraying method before storage. Results: Among chitosan treatments, 1 % treatment was most effective in terms of preventing the increase dry matter rate (by 50%) and the decrease C vitamin content (by approximately 40%) during the storage. The increase of total phenolic compounds by 20% at the end of storage was prevented with chitosan applications compared to control. Conclusion: Results show that the application of chitosan can reduce some chemical changes that occur in potatoes during storage.

Keywords

Bioactive compounds, C vitamin, Solanum tuberosum L.

References

• Abong, G.O., Okoth, M.W., Imungi J.K., & Kabira, J.N., (2011). Losses of ascorbic acid during storage of fresh tubers, frying, packaging and storage of potato crisps from four Kenyan potato cultivars. American Journal of Food Technology, 6(9), 772-780.
• AOAC, (1984). Official methods of analysis. 14th Edition Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
• Arıoğlu, H., Çalışkan, M.E. & Onaran, H., (2006). Türkiye’de patates üretimi sorunları ve çözüm önerileri. https://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/patates/Belgeler/e%C4%9Fitimyay%C4%B1m/Kongre%20Kitab%C4%B1.pdf.
• Badawy, M.E, Rabea, E.I, AM El-Nouby, M., Ismail, R.I. & Taktak, N.E., (2017). Strawberry shelf life, composition, and enzymes activity in response to edible chitosan coatings. International Journal of Fruit Science 17(2), 117-136.
• Bal, E., (2013). Postharvest application of chitosan and low temperature storage affect respiration rate and quality of plum fruits. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 15(6):1219-1230
• Baranowska, A.J., (2018). Yield of dry matter and starch of edible potato tubers in conditions of application of growth biostimulators and herbicide. Acta Agrophysica 25(4).
• Bautista-Baños, S., Hernández-López, M., Bosquez-Molina, E. & Wilson, C.L., (2003). Effects of chitosan and plant extracts on growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, anthracnose levels and quality of papaya fruit. Crop protection 22(9), 1087-1092.
• Beyhan, Ö., Elmastaş, M. & Gedikli, F., (2010). Total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of leaf, dry fruit and fresh fruit of feijoa (Acca sellowiana, Myrtaceae). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(11), pp. 1065-1072.
• Blahovec, J. &Lahodová, M., (2013). Storage induced changes of potato properties as detected by DMA. LWT-Food Science and Technology 50(2), 444-450.
• Brown, C. R. (2005). Antioxidants in potato. American journal of potato research, 82(2), 163-172.
• Du, J.M., Gemma, H. & Iwahori, S., (1997). Effects of chitosan coating on the storage of peach, Japanese pear, and kiwifruit. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 66, 15–22.
• El-Anany, A.M., Hassan, G.F.A. & Ali, F.R., (2009). Effects of edible coatings on the shelf-life and quality of Anna apple (Malus domestica Borkh) during cold storage. Journal of Food Technology 7(1), 5-11.
• Eshetu, A., Ibrahim, A.M., Forsido, S.F. & Kuyu, C.G., (2019). Effect of beeswax and chitosan treatments on quality and shelf life of selected mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars. Heliyon 5(1), e01116.
• Galani, J.H.Y., Mankad, P.M., Shah, A.K., Patel, N.J., Acharya, R.R. & Talati, J.G., (2017). Effect of storage temperature on vitamin C, total phenolics, UPLC phenolic acid profile and antioxidant capacity of eleven potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties. Horticultural Plant Journal 3(2), 73-89.
• Gómez-Castillo, D., Cruz, E., Iguaz, A., Arroqui, C. & Vírseda, P., (2013). Effects of essential oils on sprout suppression and quality of potato cultivars. Postharvest biology and technology 82, 15-21.
• Hajilou, J. & Fakhimrezaei, S., (2013). Effects of post-harvest calcium chloride or salicylic acid treatments on the shelf-life and quality of apricot fruit. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 88(5), 600-601.
• Hosseini, M.S., Zahedi, S.M., Abadía, J. & Karimi, M., (2018). Effects of postharvest treatments with chitosan and putrescine to maintain quality and extend shelf‐life of two banana cultivars. Food science & nutrition 6(5), 1328-1337.
• Huynh, A.T. & Nguyen, H.V., (2020). Effects of ethanol and chitosan treatments on the quality and storage life of minimally processed pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch). Journal of Horticulture and Postharvest Research 3(2), 221-234.
• Jinasena, D., Pathirathna, P., Wickramarachchi, S. & Marasinghe, E., (2011). Effect of Chitosan (Unirradiated and Irradiated) Treatmenton Anthracnose Disease and Its Potential to Increase theShelf life of" Embul" Banana. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 2(4), 248.
• Kaviani, M., Shariati, M.A., Josevska, E., Tomovska, J. &Vanaei, M., (2015). Effects of Chitosan and Aloe Vera Gel Coating on Quality Characters of Pistachio. Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering 2(1), 00042.
• Keijbets, M.J.H. & Ebbenhorst-Seller, G., (1990). Loss of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) during long-term cold storage of Dutch table potatoes. Potato Research 33(1), 125-130.
• Kırlı, A., Korkmaz, K., Kara, Ş.M., Dede, Ö. & Akgün, M., (2019). Effects of pre-storage calcium applications on physical and chemical attributes of potato. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 8(2), 313-318.
• Kibar, H.F. &Sabir, F.K., (2018). Chitosan coating for extending postharvest quality of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) maintained at different storage temperatures. AIMS Agriculture and Food 3(2), 97.
• Kou, X.H., Guo, W.L., Guo, R.Z., Li, X.Y. & Xue, Z.H., (2014). Effects of chitosan, calcium chloride, and pullulan coating treatments on antioxidant activity in pear cv.“Huang guan” during storage. Food and Bioprocess Technology 7(3), 671-681.
• Kumar, P., Sethi, S., Sharma, R.R, Srivastav, M. & Varghese, E., (2017). Effect of chitosan coating on postharvest life and quality of plum during storage at low temperature. Scientia Horticulturae 226, 104-109
• Külen, O., Stushnoff, C. &Holm, D.G., (2013). Effect of cold storage on total phenolics content, antioxidant activity and vitamin C level of selected potato clones. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 93(10), 2437-2444.
• Krochmal-Marczak, B., Sawicka, B., Krzysztofik, B., Danilčenko, H. & Jariene, E., (2020). The Effects of Temperature on the Quality and Storage Stalibity of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.[Lam]) Grown in Central Europe. Agronomy 10(11), 1665.
• Lommen, W.J., 1993. Post-harvest characteristics of potato minitubers with different fresh weights and from different harvests. I. Dry-matter concentration and dormancy. Potato Research 36(4), 265-272.
• Meng, X.H., Qin, G.Z. & Tian, S.P., (2010). Influences of preharvest spraying Cryptococcus laurentii combined with postharvest chitosan coating on postharvest diseases and quality of table grapes in storage. LWT-Food Science and Technology 43(4), 596-601.
• Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F. & Visser, R.G., (2017). Potato starch synthases: functions and relationships. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports 10, 7-16.
• Ozturk, E. & Polat, T., (2016). The effect of long term storage on physical and chemical properties of potato. Turkish Journal of Field Crops 21(2), 218-223.
• Özgen, M., Durgac, C.,, Serçe, S. & Kaya, C., (2006). Chemical and antioxidant properties of pomegranate cultivars grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Food Chemistry 111 703–706.
• Petriccione, M., Mastrobuoni, F., Pasquariello, M.S., Zampella, L., Nobis, E., Capriolo, G. & Scortichini, M., (2015). Effect of chitosan coating on the postharvest quality and antioxidant enzyme system response of strawberry fruit during cold storage. Foods 4(4), 501-523.
• Pinhero, R.G, Coffin, R. & Yada, R.Y., (2009). Post-harvest storage of potatoes. In Advances in Potato Chemistry and Technology (pp. 339-370).
• Rukundo, P., Shimelis, H., Laing, M. & Gahakwa. D., (2013). Storage root formation, dry matter synthesis, accumulation and genetics in sweetpotato. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7(13), 2054.
• Saha, A., Gupta, R.K. & Tyagi, Y.K., (2014). Effects of edible coatings on the shelf life and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers during storage. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 6 (12).
• Shao, X., Cao, B., Xu, F., Xie, S., Yu, D. & Wang, H., (2015). Effect of postharvest application of chitosan combined with clove oil against citrus green mold. Postharvest Biology and Technology 99, 37-43.
• Shiri, M.A., Bakhshi, D., Ghasemnezhad, M., Dadi, M., Papachatzis, A. & Kalorizou, H., (2013). Chitosan coating improves the shelf life and postharvest quality of table grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivar Shahroudi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 37(2), 148-156.
• Singh, N,.P. & Rajini., (2004). Free radical scavenging activity of an aqueous extract of potato peel. Food Chemistry 85(4): p. 611-616.
• Sivakumar, D., Sultanbawa, Y., Ranasingh, N., Kumara, P. & Wijesundera, R., (2005). Effect of the combined application of chitosan and carbonate salts on the incidence of anthracnose and on the quality of papaya during storage. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 80(4), 447-452.
• Wierzbicka, A. (2012). Mineral content of potato tubers grown in the organic system their nutritional value and interaction. J. Res. Appl. Agric. Engin, 57(4), 188-192.
• Zgórska, K. & Grudzińska,. M., (2012). Changes in selected quality characteristics of potato tubers during storage (in Polish). Acta Agrophysica 19(1), 203-214
• Zhang, H., Hou, J., Liu, J., Xie, C. & Song, B., (2014). Amylase analysis in potato starch degradation during cold storage and sprouting. Potato research 57(1), 47-58.
• Zhang, Y., Zhang, M. & Yang, H., (2015). Postharvest chitosan-g-salicylic acid application alleviates chilling injury and preserves cucumber fruit quality during cold storage. Food chemistry 174, 558-563.
• Zhu, X., Wang, Q., Cao, J. & Jiang, W., (2008). Effects of chitosan coating on postharvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Tainong) fruits. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 32(5), 770-784.