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Soğanlarda dip çürüklüğüne neden olan Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae’nın büyüme ve gelişmesi üzerine bazı kalsiyum tuzlarının etkisi

Year 2019, , 35 - 42, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.593349

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae’nın neden olduğu Fusarium dip çürümesi dünya çapında
ekonomik öneme sahip en önemli hasat öncesi ve sonrası hastalıklardan biridir.
Fusarium dip çürüklüğünün kontrolünde dayanıklı soğan çeşitleri, ürün
rotasyonu, solarizasyon, sanitasyon, biyolojik kontrol ve fungisit uygulamaları
(tohum ve fide) önerilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, benomyl, carbendazim ve
vinclozolin gibi bazı fungisitler hastalığın kontrolünde etkilidir, ancak yakın
zamanda kanserojen etkileri nedeniyle yasaklanmıştır. Bu nedenle, hastalığın
kontrolü için alternatif yöntemlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. In vitro çalışmalar, kalsiyum propionatın % 0.1 (% 19.75) ve % 0.25
(% 41.44) kadar düşük konsantrasyonlarda
F.
oxysporum f. sp. cepae
'nın misel gelişimini kalsiyum asetat,
hidroksit, klorit, laktat, oksit ve sitrattan daha fazla azalttığını ve ayrıca ilk
tuz ile ikinci grup tuzların etkilerinin arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak
önemli olduğunu göstermiştir (P<0.05). Bununla birlikte, % 1'lik kalsiyum
hidroksit ve oksit konsantrasyonu fungus misel gelişimini tamamen engellerken,
kalsiyum propionat % 2'lik bir konsantrasyonda bile misel gelişimini % 72.72'ye
kadar azaltmıştır. Kalsiyum hidroksit ve oksit hariç, diğer beş tuzun spor
çimlenmesi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olmamıştır. Test edilen kalsiyum tuzları
arasında, kalsiyum hidroksitin fungusa karşı en büyük toksisiteye sahip olduğu
ve onu kalsiyum oksit ve kalsiyum propionatın takip ettiği bulunmuştur. İn vivo çalışmalar, koruyucu uygulamada
kalsiyum propionatın, patojen ile inokule edilmiş kontrole kıyasla Fusarium dip çürümesinin şiddetini
önemli ölçüde azalttığını göstermiştir
(P<0.05). Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, kalsiyum
propionatın, soğanlarda Fusarium dip
çürüklüğünün kontrolünde kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

References

  • Arslan, U., Ilhan, K., Karabulut, O. A. 2006. Evaluation of food additives and low-toxicity compounds for the control of bean rust and wheat leaf rust. Journal Phytopathol, 154:534–541.
  • Biggs, A. R. 2004. Effect of inoculum concentration and calcium salts on infection of apple fruit by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Plant Disease, 88(2):147-151.
  • Brayford, D. 1996. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Mycopathologia, 133: 39-40.
  • Campanella, V., Ippolito, A., Nigro, F. 2002 Activity of calcium salts in controlling Phytophthora root rot of citrus. Crop Protection, 21:751–756.
  • Cramer, C. S. 2000. Breeding and genetics of Fusarium basal rot resistance in onion. Euphytica, 115:159-166.
  • Davidson PM, Sofos JN, Branen AL. (2005) Antimicrobials in Food, 3rd edn. Boca Raton, FL, USA, CRC Press, pp 721.
  • Dissanayake, M.L.M.C., Kashima, R., Tanaka, S., Ito, S-I., 2009. Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from wilted Welsh onion in Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 75: 125-130.
  • Droby, S., Wisniewski, M. E., El Ghaouth, A., Wilson, C. 2003. Influence of food additives on the control of postharvest rots of apple and peach and efficacy of the yeast-based biocontrol product Aspire. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 27:127-135.
  • Everts, K.L., Schwartz, H.F., Epsky, N.D., Capinera, J.L., 1985. Effects of maggots and wounding on occurrence of Fusarium basal rot of onions in Colorado. Plant Disease 69: 878-882.
  • FAO, 2016. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2018)
  • FDA, 2017. https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspack aginglabeling/gras/default.htm
  • Gabler, F.M., Smilanick, J.L., 2001. Postharvest control of table grape gray mold on detached berries with carbonate and bicarbonate salts and disinfectants. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 52: 12-20.
  • Galván, G. A., Koning-Boucoiran, C. F. S., Koopman, W. J. M., Burger-Meijer, K., González, P. H., Waalwijk, C., Kik, C., Scholten, O. E. 2008. Genetic variation among Fusarium isolates from onion, and resistance to Fusarium basal rot in related Allium species. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 121: 499-512.
  • Ghanbarzadeh, B., Goltapeh, E.M., Safaie, N., 2014. Identification of Fusarium species causing basal rot of onion in East Azarbaijan province, Iran and evaluation of their virulence on onion bulbs and seedlings. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47(9): 1050-1062.
  • Hervieux, V., Yaganza, E. S., Arul, J., Tweddell, R. J. 2002. Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the development of Helminthosporium solani, the causal agent of potato silver scurf. Plant Disease, 86:1014-1018.
  • Koike, S.T., Gladders, P. and Paulus, A.O., 2007. Vegetable Diseases: A Colour Handbook. Manson Publishing, London, UK.
  • Köycü, N. D., Özer, N. 1997. Determination of seedborne fungi in onion and their transmission to onion seeds. Phytoparasitica, 25: 25-31.
  • Kumar, V., Sunil Sharma, N., Sagar, N. A., 2015. Post Harvest Management of Fungal Diseases in Onion. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 4(6): 737-752.
  • Lacy, M.L., Roberts, D.L. 1982. Yields of onion cultivars in Midwestern organic soils infested with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae and Pyrenochaeta terrestris. Plant Disease, 66: 1003-1006.
  • Lager, S., 2011. Survey of Fusarium species on yellow onion (Allium cepa) on Öland. Swedish University of Agricultural Science, MSc dissertation, Uppsala, Swedish, 34p.
  • Langston, D.B., Seebold, K.W., 2008. Fusarium basal rot. In: Schwartz HF, Mohan SK. (2nd eds) Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases. St Paul, MN, USA, APS Press, pp 12-14.
  • Li, Y. C., Bi, Y., Ge, Y. H., Sun, X. J., Wang, Y. 2009. Antifungal activity of sodium silicate on Fusarium sulphureum and its effect on dry rot of potato tubers. Journal Food Science, 74:213–218.
  • Maouni, A., Lamarti, A., Aidoun, A., Khaddor, M., Badoc, A. 2007. Effect of benzimidazole fungicides and calcium chloride on Alternaria alternata and Penicillium expansum rot during storage of pears. Afric. J. Biotec., 6 (11): 1289-1292.
  • Mecteau, M. R., Arul, J., Tweddell, R. J. 2002. Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the growth and development of Fusarium sambucinum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Mycological Research, 106:688–696.
  • Mecteau, M., Arul, J., Tweddell, R., 2008. Effect of different salts on the development of Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Phytoprotection, 89(1): 1-6.
  • Mills, A. A. S. 2004. Salt Compounds as Control Measures Against Post-Harvest Tuber Dıseases of Potato. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, M. Sc. Thesis, Charlottetown, Canada, 123p.
  • Mills, A. A. S., Platt, H. W., Hurta, R. A. R. 2004. Effect of Salt Compounds on Mycelial Growth, Sporulation and Spore Germination of Various Potato Pathogens. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 34:341-350.
  • Mills, A. A. S., Platt, H. W., Hurta, R. A. R. 2005. Salt compounds as control agents of late blight and pink rot of potatoes in storage. Can. Journal Plant Pathoogy, 27:204-209.
  • Olivier, C., Halseth, D. E., Mizubuti, E. S. G., Loria, R., 1998. Postharvest application of organic and inorganic salts for suppression of silver scurf on potato tubers. Plant Disease, 82: 213–217.
  • Özer, N., Köycü, N. D. 1998. Evaluation of seed treatments for controlling Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum on onion seed. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 37: 33-40.
  • Özer, N., Ömeroğlu, M. 1995. Chemical control and determination of fungal causal agents of wilt disease of onion in Tekirdag Province. J. Turk. Phytopath., 24(2): 47-55.
  • Özer, N., Köycü, N.D., Mirik, M., Soran, H., Boyraz, D., 2002. Effect of some organic amendments on onion bulb rot. Phytoparasitica, 30: 429-433.
  • Patil, A.M., 2012. Studıes on onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht Fr f. sp. cepae (Hans.) Snyd. and Hans. University of Agricultural Sciences, MSc dissertation, Dharwad, India, 64p.
  • Palou, L., Usall, J., Smilanick, J.L., Aguilar, M.J., Vinas, I., 2002. Evaluation of food additives and low-toxicity compounds as alternative chemicals for the control of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum on citrus fruit. Pest Manage. Sci., 58: 459-466.
  • Punja, Z. K., Gaye, M. M. 1993. Influence of postharvest handling practices and dip treatments on development of black root rot on fresh market carrots. Plant Disease, 77:989-995.
  • Schwartz, H.F., Mohan, S.K., 2008. Compendium of onion and garlic diseases and pests. 2nd eds. St Paul, MN, USA, APS Press, 136 p.
  • Sintayehu, A., Sakhuja, P.K., Fininsa, C., Seid Ahmed., 2011, Management of fusarium basal rot through fungicidal bulb treatment (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) on shallot. Crop Protection,30: 560-565.
  • Southwood, M.J., 2010. Evolution and detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae in onion in South Africa. Stellenbosch University, PhD dissertation, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 170p.
  • Stadnik, M. J., Dhingra, O. D. 1996. Response of onion genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae during the growth phase and in storage. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 21: 431-435.
  • Thompson, D. P., 1989. Fungitoxic activity of essential oil componentson food storage fungi. Mycologia, 81:151–153. Tian S. P., Fan Q., Xu Y., Wang Y., 2001. Effects of Trichosporon sp. in combination with calcium and fungicide on biocontrol of postharvest diseases in apple fruits. Acta Botanica Sinica, 43: 501 – 505.
  • Tripathi, P., Dubey, N. K., Banerji, R., Chansouria, J. P. N., 2004. Evaluation ofsome essential oils as botanical fungi toxicants in management ofpost-harvest rotting of citrus fruits. World J. Microbiol Biotechnol., 20:317–321.
  • TÜİK, 2016. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel .zul (Erişim Tarihi: 20.09.2018). Türkkan, M. Karaca, G. 2006. Amasya ili soğan ekiliş alanlarında bulunan fungal kök çürüklüğü hastalık etmenlerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi-Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 12 (4): 357-363.
  • Türkkan, M. 2015. Evaluation of İnhibitory Effect of Organic and İnorganic Salts Againts Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit. J Phytopathol., 163(7-8):567-577.
  • Türkkan, M., Özcan, M., Erper, İ. 2017. Antifungal effect of carbonate and bicarbonate salts against Botrytis cinerea, the casual agent of grey mould of kiwifruit. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 6(2):103-110.
  • Youssef, K., Roberto, S. R. 2014. Applications of salt solutions before and after harvest affect the quality and incidence of postharvest gray mold of ‘Italia’ table grapes. Postharvest Biol Technol., 87: 95-102.
Year 2019, , 35 - 42, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.593349

Abstract

References

  • Arslan, U., Ilhan, K., Karabulut, O. A. 2006. Evaluation of food additives and low-toxicity compounds for the control of bean rust and wheat leaf rust. Journal Phytopathol, 154:534–541.
  • Biggs, A. R. 2004. Effect of inoculum concentration and calcium salts on infection of apple fruit by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Plant Disease, 88(2):147-151.
  • Brayford, D. 1996. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Mycopathologia, 133: 39-40.
  • Campanella, V., Ippolito, A., Nigro, F. 2002 Activity of calcium salts in controlling Phytophthora root rot of citrus. Crop Protection, 21:751–756.
  • Cramer, C. S. 2000. Breeding and genetics of Fusarium basal rot resistance in onion. Euphytica, 115:159-166.
  • Davidson PM, Sofos JN, Branen AL. (2005) Antimicrobials in Food, 3rd edn. Boca Raton, FL, USA, CRC Press, pp 721.
  • Dissanayake, M.L.M.C., Kashima, R., Tanaka, S., Ito, S-I., 2009. Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from wilted Welsh onion in Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 75: 125-130.
  • Droby, S., Wisniewski, M. E., El Ghaouth, A., Wilson, C. 2003. Influence of food additives on the control of postharvest rots of apple and peach and efficacy of the yeast-based biocontrol product Aspire. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 27:127-135.
  • Everts, K.L., Schwartz, H.F., Epsky, N.D., Capinera, J.L., 1985. Effects of maggots and wounding on occurrence of Fusarium basal rot of onions in Colorado. Plant Disease 69: 878-882.
  • FAO, 2016. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2018)
  • FDA, 2017. https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspack aginglabeling/gras/default.htm
  • Gabler, F.M., Smilanick, J.L., 2001. Postharvest control of table grape gray mold on detached berries with carbonate and bicarbonate salts and disinfectants. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 52: 12-20.
  • Galván, G. A., Koning-Boucoiran, C. F. S., Koopman, W. J. M., Burger-Meijer, K., González, P. H., Waalwijk, C., Kik, C., Scholten, O. E. 2008. Genetic variation among Fusarium isolates from onion, and resistance to Fusarium basal rot in related Allium species. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 121: 499-512.
  • Ghanbarzadeh, B., Goltapeh, E.M., Safaie, N., 2014. Identification of Fusarium species causing basal rot of onion in East Azarbaijan province, Iran and evaluation of their virulence on onion bulbs and seedlings. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47(9): 1050-1062.
  • Hervieux, V., Yaganza, E. S., Arul, J., Tweddell, R. J. 2002. Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the development of Helminthosporium solani, the causal agent of potato silver scurf. Plant Disease, 86:1014-1018.
  • Koike, S.T., Gladders, P. and Paulus, A.O., 2007. Vegetable Diseases: A Colour Handbook. Manson Publishing, London, UK.
  • Köycü, N. D., Özer, N. 1997. Determination of seedborne fungi in onion and their transmission to onion seeds. Phytoparasitica, 25: 25-31.
  • Kumar, V., Sunil Sharma, N., Sagar, N. A., 2015. Post Harvest Management of Fungal Diseases in Onion. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 4(6): 737-752.
  • Lacy, M.L., Roberts, D.L. 1982. Yields of onion cultivars in Midwestern organic soils infested with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae and Pyrenochaeta terrestris. Plant Disease, 66: 1003-1006.
  • Lager, S., 2011. Survey of Fusarium species on yellow onion (Allium cepa) on Öland. Swedish University of Agricultural Science, MSc dissertation, Uppsala, Swedish, 34p.
  • Langston, D.B., Seebold, K.W., 2008. Fusarium basal rot. In: Schwartz HF, Mohan SK. (2nd eds) Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases. St Paul, MN, USA, APS Press, pp 12-14.
  • Li, Y. C., Bi, Y., Ge, Y. H., Sun, X. J., Wang, Y. 2009. Antifungal activity of sodium silicate on Fusarium sulphureum and its effect on dry rot of potato tubers. Journal Food Science, 74:213–218.
  • Maouni, A., Lamarti, A., Aidoun, A., Khaddor, M., Badoc, A. 2007. Effect of benzimidazole fungicides and calcium chloride on Alternaria alternata and Penicillium expansum rot during storage of pears. Afric. J. Biotec., 6 (11): 1289-1292.
  • Mecteau, M. R., Arul, J., Tweddell, R. J. 2002. Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the growth and development of Fusarium sambucinum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Mycological Research, 106:688–696.
  • Mecteau, M., Arul, J., Tweddell, R., 2008. Effect of different salts on the development of Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Phytoprotection, 89(1): 1-6.
  • Mills, A. A. S. 2004. Salt Compounds as Control Measures Against Post-Harvest Tuber Dıseases of Potato. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, M. Sc. Thesis, Charlottetown, Canada, 123p.
  • Mills, A. A. S., Platt, H. W., Hurta, R. A. R. 2004. Effect of Salt Compounds on Mycelial Growth, Sporulation and Spore Germination of Various Potato Pathogens. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 34:341-350.
  • Mills, A. A. S., Platt, H. W., Hurta, R. A. R. 2005. Salt compounds as control agents of late blight and pink rot of potatoes in storage. Can. Journal Plant Pathoogy, 27:204-209.
  • Olivier, C., Halseth, D. E., Mizubuti, E. S. G., Loria, R., 1998. Postharvest application of organic and inorganic salts for suppression of silver scurf on potato tubers. Plant Disease, 82: 213–217.
  • Özer, N., Köycü, N. D. 1998. Evaluation of seed treatments for controlling Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum on onion seed. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 37: 33-40.
  • Özer, N., Ömeroğlu, M. 1995. Chemical control and determination of fungal causal agents of wilt disease of onion in Tekirdag Province. J. Turk. Phytopath., 24(2): 47-55.
  • Özer, N., Köycü, N.D., Mirik, M., Soran, H., Boyraz, D., 2002. Effect of some organic amendments on onion bulb rot. Phytoparasitica, 30: 429-433.
  • Patil, A.M., 2012. Studıes on onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht Fr f. sp. cepae (Hans.) Snyd. and Hans. University of Agricultural Sciences, MSc dissertation, Dharwad, India, 64p.
  • Palou, L., Usall, J., Smilanick, J.L., Aguilar, M.J., Vinas, I., 2002. Evaluation of food additives and low-toxicity compounds as alternative chemicals for the control of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum on citrus fruit. Pest Manage. Sci., 58: 459-466.
  • Punja, Z. K., Gaye, M. M. 1993. Influence of postharvest handling practices and dip treatments on development of black root rot on fresh market carrots. Plant Disease, 77:989-995.
  • Schwartz, H.F., Mohan, S.K., 2008. Compendium of onion and garlic diseases and pests. 2nd eds. St Paul, MN, USA, APS Press, 136 p.
  • Sintayehu, A., Sakhuja, P.K., Fininsa, C., Seid Ahmed., 2011, Management of fusarium basal rot through fungicidal bulb treatment (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) on shallot. Crop Protection,30: 560-565.
  • Southwood, M.J., 2010. Evolution and detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae in onion in South Africa. Stellenbosch University, PhD dissertation, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 170p.
  • Stadnik, M. J., Dhingra, O. D. 1996. Response of onion genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae during the growth phase and in storage. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 21: 431-435.
  • Thompson, D. P., 1989. Fungitoxic activity of essential oil componentson food storage fungi. Mycologia, 81:151–153. Tian S. P., Fan Q., Xu Y., Wang Y., 2001. Effects of Trichosporon sp. in combination with calcium and fungicide on biocontrol of postharvest diseases in apple fruits. Acta Botanica Sinica, 43: 501 – 505.
  • Tripathi, P., Dubey, N. K., Banerji, R., Chansouria, J. P. N., 2004. Evaluation ofsome essential oils as botanical fungi toxicants in management ofpost-harvest rotting of citrus fruits. World J. Microbiol Biotechnol., 20:317–321.
  • TÜİK, 2016. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel .zul (Erişim Tarihi: 20.09.2018). Türkkan, M. Karaca, G. 2006. Amasya ili soğan ekiliş alanlarında bulunan fungal kök çürüklüğü hastalık etmenlerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi-Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 12 (4): 357-363.
  • Türkkan, M. 2015. Evaluation of İnhibitory Effect of Organic and İnorganic Salts Againts Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit. J Phytopathol., 163(7-8):567-577.
  • Türkkan, M., Özcan, M., Erper, İ. 2017. Antifungal effect of carbonate and bicarbonate salts against Botrytis cinerea, the casual agent of grey mould of kiwifruit. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 6(2):103-110.
  • Youssef, K., Roberto, S. R. 2014. Applications of salt solutions before and after harvest affect the quality and incidence of postharvest gray mold of ‘Italia’ table grapes. Postharvest Biol Technol., 87: 95-102.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

İlayda Ünsal This is me

Sevgi Kaş This is me

Muharrem Türkkan

Publication Date June 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Ünsal, İ., Kaş, S., & Türkkan, M. (2019). Soğanlarda dip çürüklüğüne neden olan Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae’nın büyüme ve gelişmesi üzerine bazı kalsiyum tuzlarının etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 8(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.593349