Serada topraksız domates yetiştiriciliğinde silisyumun tuz stresine etkisi

Year 2017, Cilt: 6 Özel Sayı, 243 - 256, 01.06.2017

Gölgen Bahar Öztekin , Yüksel Tüzel İ. Hakkı Tüzel

Abstract

2010 yılı sonbahar döneminde sera domates (cv. Duru F1) yetiştiriciliğinde tuz stresine karşı silisyumun (Si) etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla yürütülen çalışmada, bitkiler 2 farklı besin solüsyonu tuzluluk seviyesinde (2 dS/m:Kontrol ve 8 dS/m:Tuzlu) yetiştirilmiş ve her iki besin solüsyonuna ilave edilen 2.5 mM silisyum (K2SiO3) uygulaması (Si+), silisyumsuz (Si-) kontrol uygulaması ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yetiştiricilik açık sistem ortam kültürü şeklinde saksılarda yürütülmüş ve denemede üç farklı ortam (perlit, Hindistan cevizi lifi ve klinoptilolit) kullanılmıştır. Bitki gelişimi için gerekli tüm besin elementleri damla sulama ile verilmiştir. Dikimden 3 hafta sonra besin solüsyonuna NaCl ilave edilerek bitkilere tuz uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Üç faktörlü bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre kurulan denemede, fide dikimleri 05.09.2010 tarihinde m2’de 3.48 bitki olacak şekilde yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; tuzluluğun artan yaprak Na içeriği ile bitki gelişimi, verim, meyve adedi, yaprak K içeriği, bitki su tüketimi ve su kullanım randımanını azalttığını; besin solüsyonuna silisyum ilavesinin ise olumlu etki yaptığını göstermiş; tuzlu koşulda kök bölgesinde silisyum varlığı tuz stresinin olumsuz etkisini azaltıcı yönde etki yapmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, silisyumun tuz stresini azaltmada pratik ve ucuz bir alternatif uygulama olabilabileceği; topraksız yetiştiricilikte organik bir ortam olan Hindistan cevizi lifi kullanımının silisyumun tuz toleransını arttırmadaki etkisini arttırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

NaCl, Si, hindistan cevizi lifi, biyomas, verim, su kullanım etkinliği

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