FARKLI HASAT ZAMANLARININ BERGAMOT (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) KABUK UÇUCU YAĞININ BAZI KALİTE PARAMETRELERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2020, Volume: 49 Issue: 2, 67 - 73, 03.12.2020

Muharrem Gölükçü , Haluk Tokgöz , Demet Yıldız Turgut

Abstract

Turunçgiller dünyadan tarımı en çok yapılan meyve türlerindendir. Bunlardan biriside bergamot olup, bergamot daha çok uçucu yağ üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. Diğer turunçgil türlerinde olduğu gibi bergamot uçucu yağının bileşimi de hasat zamanı, yetiştirilme şartları, üretim metodu gibi faktörlere göre değişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada farklı hasat zamanlarının bergamot kabuklarının uçucu yağ verimi ve uçucu yağ bileşimi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Örneklerin uçucu yağ içeriği klevenger düzeneğinde hidrodistilasyon yöntemi ile uçucu yağ bileşimi ise GC-MS/FID cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Bergamot kabuk uçucu yağ miktar ve bileşiminde hasat zamanına göre değişimler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin uçucu yağ miktarı %2.11-2.99 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırma kapsamında analiz edilen uçucu yağ örneklerinde 14 farklı bileşenin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin bileşiminde makro düzeyde limonen, linalool ve linalil asetat bulunmakta olup oranları hasat zamanına göre sırasıyla %46.20-46.98, %13.42-20.22, %12.20-15.91 aralığında dağılım göstermiştir. Araştırma bulguları bergamot için hasat zamanın uçucu yağ verim ve bileşimi açısından önemli etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

Bergamot, Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, hasat zamanı, uçucu yağ, kalite

HARVEST TIMES EFFECT ON SOME QUALITY PARAMETERS OF BERGAMOT (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) PEEL ESSENTIAL OIL

Abstract

Citrus fruits are one of the most common fruit species in the world. Bergamot is one of the important species and used extensively in essential oil production. As in other citrus species, the composition of bergamot essential oil may vary depending on many factors such as harvest time, growing conditions, production method etc. In this study, the effect of harvest times on the essential oil content and the composition of bergamot peel were investigated. The essential oil content of the samples was determined by hydrodistillation method in the Clevenger apparatus and the essential oil composition was determined by chromatographic method with GC-MS/FID apparatus. Bergamot peel essential oil content and composition were varied according to the harvest times. Essential oil content of the samples was ranged from 2.11% to 2.99% with respect to harvesting times. Totally, 14 components were determined in these essential oil samples. Limonene, linalool and lineally acetate were main components and their ratios were determined as 46.20-46.98%, 13.42-20.22% and 12.20-15.91% respectively. It is widely used in the production of essential oil. Results showed that harvesting times for bergamot has important effect on essential oil content and composition.

Keywords

bergamot, Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, harvest time, essential oil, quality

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