The Effect of Repeated Administration at Different Doses of Enrofloxacin on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Sheep

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 386 - 390, 26.11.2021

Hüseyin Güngör , Alper Serhat Kumru , Gökhan Yılmaz , Alparslan Coşkun

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.986953

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of repeated administration (once a day for five days) of intravenous at different doses (2.5-5 mg/kg) of enrofloxacin on hematological and biochemical parameters in healthy sheep.
Materials and Methods: Twelve Akkaraman female sheep were used in this study. The animals were divided into two groups of 6 each. One group was injected intravenously (v. jugularis) with at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg enrofloxacin, and the other was injected intravenously with at the dose of 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin for 5 days. Blood samples were collected at 0 (Control) and 120 hours. Hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT ve PLT) were determined in a blood cell counter and biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and total protein) were determined in an autoanalyzer.
Results: There was no significant difference in hematological and biochemical parameters between the two groups.
Conclusion: It has been shown to results of the study that repeated administration of intravenous at doses of 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin in sheep does not cause a negative effect on clinical hematological and biochemical parameters.
Keywords: Enrofloxacin, Sheep, Hematology, Biochemical Parameters

Keywords

Enrofloxacin, Sheep, Hematology, Biochemical Parameters

Koyunlarda Enrofloksasinin Farklı Dozlarda Tekrarlı Uygulamasının Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Parametrelere Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı sağlıklı koyunlarda enrofloksasinin farklı dozlardaki (2.5-5 mg/kg) tekrarlayan (günde bir defa, 5 gün) damar içi uygulamasının hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelere etkisini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada Akkaraman ırkı 12 adet dişi koyun kullanıldı. Hayvanlar her grupta 6 adet olacak şekilde iki gruba ayrıldı. Enrofloksasin gruplardan birisine 2.5 mg/kg dozda diğerine ise 5 mg/kg dozda damar içi (v. jugularis) yolla günde bir defa 5 gün boyunca uygulandı. Kan örnekleri 0. (Kontrol) ve 120. saatlerde alındı. Hematolojik parametreler (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT ve PLT) kan hücre sayım cihazında ve biyokimyasal parametreler (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, kolesterol, trigliserid, albümin, kan üre nitrojen, kreatinin ve total protein) otoanalizör cihazında ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Deney grupları arasında hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerde önemli bir farklılık belirlenemedi.
Sonuç: Koyunlarda 2.5 mg/kg ve 5 mg/kg dozlarda damar içi yolla enrofloksasinin tekrarlayan uygulamalarının hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerde olumsuz bir etkiye yol açmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Enrofloksasin, Koyun, Hematoloji, Biyokimyasal Parametreler

Keywords

Enrofloksasin, Koyun, Hematoloji, Biyokimayasal Parametreler

References

• Altan, F., Çorum, O., Çorum, D. D., & Üney, K. (2018). Farklı dozlardaki marbofloksasinin koyunlarda biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametreler üzerine etkileri. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 34, 2, 71-76 DOI: 10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.2018.185
• Attili, A. R., Preziuso, S., Ngwa, V. N., Cantalamessa, A., Moriconi, M., & Cuteri, V. (2016). Clinical evaluation of the use of enrofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis in sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 136, 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.004
• Cinquina, A. L., Roberti, P., Giannetti, L., Longo, F., Draisci, R., Fagiolo, A., & Brizioli, N. R. (2003). Determination of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in goat milk by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection: Optimization and validation. Journal of Chromatography A, 987(1-2), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01800-9
• Çorum, D. D., Özbek, M., & Çorum, O. (2019). Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Enrofloksasinin artan dozlarda uygulanmasının biyokimyasal ve histopatolojik parametrelere etkisi. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 103-107.
• Coskun, D., Parlak, K., Dik, B., Faki, H. E., Bahcivan, E., Yazar, E., & Er, A. (2018). Effect of enrofloxacin on the joint fluid/blood oxidative status and organ damage markers. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2018/40537
• Doğan, F. (2011). Pharmacovigilance in veterinary profession. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 27(1), 19-25.
• Efthimiadou, E. K., Karaliota, A., & Psomas, G. (2008). Mononuclear metal complexes of the second-generation quinolone antibacterial agent enrofloxacin: Synthesis, structure, antibacterial activity and interaction with DNA. Polyhedron, 27(6), 1729-1738 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2008.02.006
• El-Banna, H. A., Goudah, A., & El-Zorba, H. (2011). Comparative bioequivalence study of three formulations of enrofloxacin in sheep. Drug metabolism letters, 5(2), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.2174/187231211795305294
• Ellakany, H. F., Abu El-Azm, I. M., Bekhit, A. A., & Shehawy, M. M. (2007). Studies on the effects of enrofloxacin overdose on different health parameters in broiler chickens. Journal of Veterinary Medical Research, 18(1),176-186. https://doi.org/10.21608/jvmr.2008.77869
• Elsheikh, H. A., Taha, A. A. W., Khalafallah, A. I., & Osman, I. A. M. (2002). Disposition kinetics of enrofloxacin (Baytril 5%) in sheep and goats following intravenous and intramuscular injection using a microbiological assay. Research in veterinary science, 73(2), 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-5288(02)00020-6
• Endo, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Arima, D., Mae, N., Iwamoto, Y., Korosue, K., Tsuzuki, N., & Hobo, S. (2017). Effects of pre-shipping enrofloxacin administration on fever and blood properties in adult Thoroughbred racehorses transported a long distance. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 79(3), 464-466. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0465
• Hall, S. (1990). The fluoroquınolone antımıcrobıals: structure, antımıcrobıal, actıvıty, pharmacokınetıcs, clınıcal. Cornell Vet, 80, 173-186.
• Hoyle, A., Cairns, D., Paterson, I., McMillan, S., Ochoa, G., & Desbois, A. P. (2020). Optimising efficacy of antibiotics against systemic infection by varying dosage quantities and times. PLoS computational biology, 16(8), e1008037. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008037
• Ibrahım, İ. G., Atmaca, N., Kanıcı, A., & Yarsan, E. (2011). Evaluation of effects of enrofloxacin on some haematological parameters in broilers. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 97-102.
• Karademir, U., Boyacioglu, M., Kum, C., & Sekkin, S. (2015). Comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin, danofloxacin and marbofloxacin following intramuscular administration in sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 133, 108-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.09.007
• Khazaeel, K., Mazaheri, Y., Tabar, M. H., Najafzadeh, H., Morovvati, H., & Ghadrdan, A. (2015). Effect of enrofloxacin on histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and molecular changes in lamb articular cartilage. Acta Medica Iranica, 555-561.
• Kumar, G. P., Phani, A. R., Prasad, R. G. S. V., Sanganal, J. S., Manali, N., Gupta, R., ... & Raju, D. B. (2014). Polyvinylpyrrolidone oral films of enrofloxacin: Film characterization and drug release. International journal of pharmaceutics, 471(1-2), 146-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.033
• Li, J., Hao, H., Cheng, G., Wang, X., Ahmed, S., Shabbir, M. A. B., ... & Yuan, Z. (2017). The effects of different enrofloxacin dosages on clinical efficacy and resistance development in chickens experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. Scientific reports, 7(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12294-7
• Mitchell, M. A. (2006). Enrofloxacin. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 15(1), 66-69. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2005.11.011
• Norrby, S. R. (1991). Side-effects of quinolones: comparisons between quinolones and other antibiotics. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 10(4), 378-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01967014
• Otero, J. L., Mestorino, N., & Errecalde, J. O. (2009). Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after single intravenous administration in sheep. Revue scientifique et technique, 28(3), 1129. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.28.3.1952
• Pei, L. L., Yang, W. Z., Fu, J. Y., Liu, M. X., Zhang, T. T., Li, D. B., ... & Fu, H. L. (2020). Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacodynamics study of enrofloxacin mesylate. Drug design, development and therapy, 14, 715. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S239307
• Sarkozy, G. (2001). Quinolones: a class of antimicrobial agents. Veterınarnı medıcına-praha-, 46(9/10), 257-274. https://doi.org/10.17221/7883-VETMED
• Sinha, R. A., Singh, B. K., & Yen, P. M. (2018). Direct effects of thyroid hormones on hepatic lipid metabolism. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 14(5), 259 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2018.10
• Trouchon, T., & Lefebvre, S. (2016). A review of enrofloxacin for veterinary use. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 6(2), 40-58. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2016.62006
• Turgut, K. (2000) Veterinary clinic laboratory diagnosis, second press, Bahcivanlar Press, Konya, Turkey. 17-123, 202- 257, 320-366.
• Vancutsem, P. M., Babish, J. G., & Schwark, W. S. (1990). The fluoroquinolone antimicrobials: structure, antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics, clinical use in domestic animals and toxicity. The Cornell Veterinarian, 80(2), 173-186.
• Vinay, P. T., Ravindra, B. G., Vijaykumar, M., Sunilchandra, U., & Kulkarni, S. (2017). Effect of enrofloxacin on hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs. The Pharma Innovation, 6(2, Part C), 167.
• Yasini, S. A., Zadeh, M. H. B., & Shahdadi, H. (2015). The antibacterial activity and toxicity of enrofloxacin are decreased by nanocellulose conjugated with aminobenzyl purin. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 135, 518-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.005
• Zordok, W. A., & Sadeek, S. A. (2016). Synthesis, thermal analyses, characterization and biological evaluation of new enrofloxacin vanadium (V) solvates (L)(L= An, DMF, Py, Et3N and o-Tol). Journal of Molecular Structure, 1120, 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.011