Orman Ekosisteminin Su Üretim Değerinin Galyan Su Üretim Havzasında Değerlendirilmesi (Atasu Barajı)
Year 2024,
, 64 - 71, 29.02.2024
Nuri Bozali
,
Fatih Sivrikaya
,
Günay Çakır
Abstract
Orman ekosistem hizmetleri; tedarik, düzenleyici, destekleyici ve kültürel hizmetleri bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. İnsanlar ve canlıların ekosistemden doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak elde ettiği faydalar çok çeşitlidir. Ekosistemin sunduğu düzenleyici hizmetler sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve insan yaşamı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Aynı zamanda ekosistem hizmetleri insan refahı ile yakından ilişkilidir. Yaşamın en temel taşlarından birisi de su kaynaklarıdır. Dünya yüzeyinde kullanılabilir suyun çok az olması ve su kaynaklarının insanlara sunduğu hizmetlerin artması bu önemi daha da artırmıştır. Su döngüsünün faydalı bir biçimde kullanılması için evapotranspirasyon süreçlerinin de belirlenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Faydalı suyun depolanmasında barajlar inşa edilmektedir. Baraj havzaları içerisinde mevcut arazi örtüsünün korunması ya da geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bazı ülkelerdeki içme suyu havzalarındaki ormancılık çalışmaları ile ekosistem hizmetleri arasındaki ilişkiler ele alınarak Trabzon ilinin içme suyu ihtiyacının yaklaşık %70’ini sağlayan Galyan (Atasu Baraj) havzasındaki orman ekosisteminin sürekliliği açısından değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Orman ekosistemi ile su üretiminin karşılıklı etkileşimlerine değinilmiştir.
Thanks
Bu çalışmanın özeti 5. Uluslarası Odundışı Orman Ürünleri Sempozyumu'nda "An assessment of the water production value of the forest ecosystem in the Galyan Basin" abstract nolu bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. Trabzon Büyükşehir Belediyesi TİSKİ Genel Müdürlüğüne katkıları için teşekkür ederiz.
References
- Appleton, A. F. (2002). How New York city used an ecosystem services strategy carried out through an urban-rural partnership to preserve the pristine quality of its drinking water and save billions of dollars and what lessons it teaches about using ecosystem services. The Katoomba Conference / Tokyo.
- Asan, Ü. (2003). Orman Amenajmanı-I: Temel Kavram ve Prensipler. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Amenajmanı Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
- Baskent, E.Z. (2020). A framework for characterizing and regulating ecosystem services in a management planning context, Forests, 11(1), p.102. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/1/102
- Bozali, N. (2013). Koruma ve hizmet amaçlı işletilen ormanların optimal kuruluşunun belirlenmesi: odayeri planlama ünitesi örneği (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, Türkiye.
- Brauman, K., van der Meulen,S., & Brils,J. (2014). Ecosystem services in river basin management. In:Brils, J.,Brack,W.,Müller,D.,Negrel,P.,Vermaat, J.(Ed.), Risk-Informed Management of European River Basins (pp.265-294). Springer, Berlin. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-38598-8_10
- Budhi, G. S., Sa, K. & Iqbal, M. (2008). Concept and implementation of PES Program in the Cidanau Watershed: A lesson learned for future environmental policy. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, pp 37-55. https://epublikasi.pertanian.go.id/berkala/akp/article/view/703
- Çakır, G. (2023). Analysis of Basin Characteristics for Stream Management Using GIS: A Case Study of Gümüşhane Micro-Watershed. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 23 (2), 144-155.
- Dale, V.H. & Polasky, S. (2007). Measures of the effects of agricultural practices on ecosystem services. Ecological Economics, 64(2), 286–296. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921800907003035
- Eker, Ö. (2018). Ekosistem hizmet ödemelerinin odun dışı orman ürün ve hizmetleri kapsamında değerlendirilmesi: su ve su kaynakları yönetimi, Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 2(2), 165-176. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/turkjforsci/issue/40103/469934
- Enderlein, R. & Bernardini, F. (2005). Nature for water: ecosystem services and water management. Natural Resources Forum, 29(3), 253. –255. https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/natres/v29y2005i3p253-255.html
- Everard M. (2009) Ecosystem services case studies, better regulation science programme, Environment Agency April 2009. Product Code: SCHO0409BPVM-E-P. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a74e7efe5274a3cb2868211/scho0409bpvm-e-e.pdf
- Görcelioğlu, E. (1992). Havzalarda orman ve otlak amenajmanının su verimine ve kalitesine etkileri, İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 42 (B1-2). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jffiu/issue/18804/198825
- Herbert, T., Vonada, R., Jenkins, M., Byon, R. & Leyva J.M.F. (2010). Environmental funds and payments for ecosystems Services: RedLAC capacity building project for environmental funds, Rio de Janeiro: RedLAC. https://www.forest-trends.org/wp-content/uploads/imported/redlac_pes-workshop_english-pdf.pdf
- Maes, J., Egoh, B., Willemen, L., Liquete, C., Vihervaara, P., Sch¨agner, J.P., Grizzetti, B., Drakou, E.G., Notte, A.L., Zulian, G., Bouraoui, F., Paracchini, L., Braat, L., Bidoglio, G. (2012). Mapping ES for policy support and decision making in the EU. Ecosystem Services, 1, 31–39. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212041612000058
- Mbak, E. (2010). Cidanau Watershed PES scheme, Indonesia available at: TEEBweb.org https://www.teebweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cidanau-Watershed-PES-scheme-Indonesia.pdf
- Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, (2005). Ecosystems and human well-being: synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press. https://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf
- National Research Council (2000). Watershed management for potable water supply: assessing the New York city strategy. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9677/watershed-management-for-potable-water-supply-assessing-the-new-york
- Obst, C. & Eigenraam, M. (2016). Using the SEEA experimental ecosystem accounting framework to advance I-O and CGE integrated environmental-economic modelling. Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP), Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/pugtwp/332733.html
- TİSKİ, (2023). Trabzon İçme suyu ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü, Erişim: https://www.tiski.gov.tr/icerik/detay.aspx?Id=1363
- Usta, A. (2011). Galyan yöresi – atasu barajı havzasında arazi kullanımının toprak ve su özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılası (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon, Türkiye.
- Van der Meulen ES., De Hoog J & Brils J. (2011). De potentie van ecosysteemdiensten als verbindende taal in regionale gebiedsontwikkeling. [Deltares rapport 1202272-003], Deltares, Utrecht. https://publications.deltares.nl/1202272_003a.pdf
- Van der Meulen S., Neubauer L, Brils J,& Borowski-Maaser I. (2012). Towards practical implementation of the ecosystem services concept in transboundary water management. [Deltares report 1204644-000-BGS-0004]. https://publications.deltares.nl/1204644_000.pdf
- Yılmaz, M., Usta, A., Cakir, G., İnce Kahveci, N. (2015). The effects of land use type on soil erodibility ındices in galyan-atasu dam watershed, Trabzon, N.E. Turkey, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24 (3b):1082-1090. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281673740_The_effects_of_land_use_type_on_soil_erodibilty_indices_in_Galyan-Atasu_Dam_Watershed_Trabzon_NE_Turkey
- Xia, L.L., Liu, R.Z., Zao, Y.W. (2012). Correlation analysis of landscape pattern and water quality in Baiyangdian Watershed. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 13, 2188–2196. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878029612002095
An Assessment of the Water Production Value of the Forest Ecosystem in The Galyan Basin (Atasu Dam)
Year 2024,
, 64 - 71, 29.02.2024
Nuri Bozali
,
Fatih Sivrikaya
,
Günay Çakır
Abstract
Forest ecosystem services include supply, regulatory, auxiliary, and cultural functions. The environment provides numerous benefits to people and living things, either directly or indirectly. The ecosystem's regulatory services are critical for long-term development and human survival. Simultaneously, ecological services are inextricably linked to human well-being. Water resources are one of life's pillars. The fact that there is very little usable water on the earth's surface, as well as the increase in the services supplied by water resources to people, has enhanced the importance of water resources even more. To make the most of the water cycle, evapotranspiration processes must be identified. Dams have been built to store valuable water. Existing land cover within dam basins must be conserved or developed. The relationships between forestry activities and ecosystem services in drinking water basins in various countries will be discussed and evaluated in the context of the continuity of the forest ecosystem in the Galyan (Atasu Dam) basin, which provides approximately 70% of Trabzon province's drinking water needs. It will be examined how the forest ecology interacts with water production.
Thanks
Bu çalışmanın özeti 5. Uluslarası Odundışı Orman Ürünleri sempozyumunda "An assessment of the water production value of the forest ecosystem in the Galyan Basin" abstract nolu bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. Trabzon Büyükşehir Belediyesi TİSKİ Genel Müdürlüğüne katkıları için teşekkür ederiz.
References
- Appleton, A. F. (2002). How New York city used an ecosystem services strategy carried out through an urban-rural partnership to preserve the pristine quality of its drinking water and save billions of dollars and what lessons it teaches about using ecosystem services. The Katoomba Conference / Tokyo.
- Asan, Ü. (2003). Orman Amenajmanı-I: Temel Kavram ve Prensipler. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Amenajmanı Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
- Baskent, E.Z. (2020). A framework for characterizing and regulating ecosystem services in a management planning context, Forests, 11(1), p.102. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/1/102
- Bozali, N. (2013). Koruma ve hizmet amaçlı işletilen ormanların optimal kuruluşunun belirlenmesi: odayeri planlama ünitesi örneği (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, Türkiye.
- Brauman, K., van der Meulen,S., & Brils,J. (2014). Ecosystem services in river basin management. In:Brils, J.,Brack,W.,Müller,D.,Negrel,P.,Vermaat, J.(Ed.), Risk-Informed Management of European River Basins (pp.265-294). Springer, Berlin. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-38598-8_10
- Budhi, G. S., Sa, K. & Iqbal, M. (2008). Concept and implementation of PES Program in the Cidanau Watershed: A lesson learned for future environmental policy. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, pp 37-55. https://epublikasi.pertanian.go.id/berkala/akp/article/view/703
- Çakır, G. (2023). Analysis of Basin Characteristics for Stream Management Using GIS: A Case Study of Gümüşhane Micro-Watershed. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 23 (2), 144-155.
- Dale, V.H. & Polasky, S. (2007). Measures of the effects of agricultural practices on ecosystem services. Ecological Economics, 64(2), 286–296. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921800907003035
- Eker, Ö. (2018). Ekosistem hizmet ödemelerinin odun dışı orman ürün ve hizmetleri kapsamında değerlendirilmesi: su ve su kaynakları yönetimi, Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 2(2), 165-176. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/turkjforsci/issue/40103/469934
- Enderlein, R. & Bernardini, F. (2005). Nature for water: ecosystem services and water management. Natural Resources Forum, 29(3), 253. –255. https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/natres/v29y2005i3p253-255.html
- Everard M. (2009) Ecosystem services case studies, better regulation science programme, Environment Agency April 2009. Product Code: SCHO0409BPVM-E-P. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a74e7efe5274a3cb2868211/scho0409bpvm-e-e.pdf
- Görcelioğlu, E. (1992). Havzalarda orman ve otlak amenajmanının su verimine ve kalitesine etkileri, İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 42 (B1-2). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jffiu/issue/18804/198825
- Herbert, T., Vonada, R., Jenkins, M., Byon, R. & Leyva J.M.F. (2010). Environmental funds and payments for ecosystems Services: RedLAC capacity building project for environmental funds, Rio de Janeiro: RedLAC. https://www.forest-trends.org/wp-content/uploads/imported/redlac_pes-workshop_english-pdf.pdf
- Maes, J., Egoh, B., Willemen, L., Liquete, C., Vihervaara, P., Sch¨agner, J.P., Grizzetti, B., Drakou, E.G., Notte, A.L., Zulian, G., Bouraoui, F., Paracchini, L., Braat, L., Bidoglio, G. (2012). Mapping ES for policy support and decision making in the EU. Ecosystem Services, 1, 31–39. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212041612000058
- Mbak, E. (2010). Cidanau Watershed PES scheme, Indonesia available at: TEEBweb.org https://www.teebweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cidanau-Watershed-PES-scheme-Indonesia.pdf
- Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, (2005). Ecosystems and human well-being: synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press. https://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf
- National Research Council (2000). Watershed management for potable water supply: assessing the New York city strategy. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9677/watershed-management-for-potable-water-supply-assessing-the-new-york
- Obst, C. & Eigenraam, M. (2016). Using the SEEA experimental ecosystem accounting framework to advance I-O and CGE integrated environmental-economic modelling. Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP), Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/pugtwp/332733.html
- TİSKİ, (2023). Trabzon İçme suyu ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü, Erişim: https://www.tiski.gov.tr/icerik/detay.aspx?Id=1363
- Usta, A. (2011). Galyan yöresi – atasu barajı havzasında arazi kullanımının toprak ve su özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılası (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon, Türkiye.
- Van der Meulen ES., De Hoog J & Brils J. (2011). De potentie van ecosysteemdiensten als verbindende taal in regionale gebiedsontwikkeling. [Deltares rapport 1202272-003], Deltares, Utrecht. https://publications.deltares.nl/1202272_003a.pdf
- Van der Meulen S., Neubauer L, Brils J,& Borowski-Maaser I. (2012). Towards practical implementation of the ecosystem services concept in transboundary water management. [Deltares report 1204644-000-BGS-0004]. https://publications.deltares.nl/1204644_000.pdf
- Yılmaz, M., Usta, A., Cakir, G., İnce Kahveci, N. (2015). The effects of land use type on soil erodibility ındices in galyan-atasu dam watershed, Trabzon, N.E. Turkey, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24 (3b):1082-1090. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281673740_The_effects_of_land_use_type_on_soil_erodibilty_indices_in_Galyan-Atasu_Dam_Watershed_Trabzon_NE_Turkey
- Xia, L.L., Liu, R.Z., Zao, Y.W. (2012). Correlation analysis of landscape pattern and water quality in Baiyangdian Watershed. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 13, 2188–2196. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878029612002095